:

Personality	Action
1) a multitasker	a) … can identify long-term goals.
2) a strategist	b) … is risk-averse; provide stability and fairness.
3) a decider	c) … thinks out of the box; challenge the status quo.
4) a cautious person	d) … does not perform a single function; does whatever is necessary.
5) an independent thinker	e) … works effectively with others; are flexible enough to get along well with a variety of personalities and work styles.
6) a team player	f) … can use his own judgment and take decisive action; takes responsibility for the outcome; handle stressful situations.
7) a leader	g) … paves the way to the team to walk on a successful path.

12. Turn the following into the passive.

Example: I am rather shy. I don’t like when somebody talks about me in public. –

I am rather shy and don’t like to be talked about in public.

1. He is very proud of his articles. He likes when other researchers refer to them.

2. She is helpful. Anyone may count on her no matter what circumstances are.

3. My colleague is a very sensible man. You can rely on him in any situation.

4. He is so well-organized that you cannot find fault with him.

5. They are conscious about environment protection issues and like when others deal with them carefully.

6. She is a loyal person in many questions. You can arrive at a compromise with her easily.

7. He is a charismatic leader. He requires his team members to follow him in all projects.

8. She is very busy with her work now. She doesn’t like when somebody interferes with her working process.
13. Translate the words in brackets using appropriate modal verbs.

Employees (должны) possess many skills and traits, so it (возможно) be hard to produce a resume that stands out from the crowd. A resume (должно) show potential employers a wide range of skills, and that you (способен) to adapt to any situation. An employer (нужно) to have workers that (умеют) complete tasks on their own, and (смогут) to change their priorities when necessary. Sometimes they (придется) perform more than one task at a time. Possible candidates (следует) never be lazy and lack ambition. If you (смог) once be trusted with company responsibilities, you (возможно) be relied upon in different situations. Dependable employees (возможно) be the first in line to become leaders and managers. By putting your best foot forward with your resume first, you (можешь) be on your way to your dream job.
14. a) Two people talk about themselves. Which speaker does which job?

Speaker ______ is a hairdresser.

Speaker ______ is a carpenter.

Speaker 1: It’s important to be cheerful and friendly in my job. I get on well with people, which is lucky because I spend most of my day talking to people. I’m on my feet all day so the job is quite tiring but I’m very enthusiastic about my work and I’m quite ambitious – I’d like to own my own salon one day.

Speaker 2: I’m an energetic person and physically fit. I like to be doing things. I enjoy my job and don’t mind working indoors or outdoors. I’m good with my hands and enjoy being creative – I sometimes design cupboards or shelves for people. I’m not really ambitious – I’m quite happy with what I’m doing.
b) Think of any two engineering professions and write a description of them in terms of personality traits like in the examples above.

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15. What job is right for you? Test yourself and analyze the results. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cyXADWE7KPo



Get ready with the presentation

“My Personality and Future Profession Choice”
Consider the following points:

• 
  your personality traits;
  
• 
  activities you are good at;
  
• 
  skills that make you different from other people;
  
• 
  what occupation you fit in;
  
• 
  how you can contribute to the chosen professional field.
  

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PART TWO

UNIT 1. EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
1. Connect with the topic.

a) Analyze the table and describe the system of education in the USA.


b) In what ways does the state education system in your country differ from that in the USA? Pay attention to the following:

– Do you have to wear a uniform?

– Are there many rules and regulations?

– What exams do you have to take?

– Can you choose the subjects you study?

2. Match the words with their meaning:

1) responsibility	a) the money you pay for service from schools, universities, doctors
2) compulsory	b) money that something /somebody lends you
3) available	c) the state or fact of being accountable or to blame for something
4) to attend	d) to go to or be present at a place
5) to complete	e) that must be done by rules, law
6) fee	f) owned, done or organized by a person or company, and not by the government
7) private	g) to start an organization or institution
8) to measure	h) to finish something
9) to found	i) that you can get, buy, use
10) loan	j) to find the size, weight, etc. of somebody / something often using an instrument

3. Fill in the gaps with the words from Ex. 2.

1. The prices for education are ________ in our country.

2. You should take ________ for this accident.

3. Samara State Technical University ________ in 1914.

4. He ________ his PhD next year.

5. The length of the wire ________ during the previous experiment.

6. He didn’t ________ classes and failed his exams.

7. Our daughter goes to a ________ kindergarten.

8. They decided to take a huge ________ from the bank for their new business.

9. Some subjects are ________ in the curriculum.

10. Tuition ________ increase due to inflation.
4. Read the text about the system of education in the USA and point out the key ideas of American education.

Education plays a very important role in American society. It often determines a person’s social role and standard of living. Education is a state responsibility. No wonder then that the laws and standards of education provided in individual states differ.

In most states, education is compulsory from the age of 6 to 16. The atmosphere at elementary schools is usually friendly. Teachers keep to the idea that children’s happiness and interest are the two most important things.

Full secondary education up to the age of 18 is available to everyone and the number of young people, who stay at school until they are 17 or 18 is relatively high. Schools are comprehensive and are called high schools. Pupils can choose all kinds of subjects, from Development Reading to Problems of Democracy or Public Speaking. State schools prevail; not many pupils attend private schools.

While secondary education is based on the idea of mass education with equal opportunity for all, higher education is extremely competitive and selective. It is not enough to have a high school diploma and an interview to be admitted to a college or a university. (Colleges provide undergraduate education leading to the bachelor’s degree, while universities provide both undergraduate and graduate education leading to the master’s and doctor’s degrees.) There are two tests, which are used by universities as standards for comparison: the SAT (Scholastic Aptitude Test, which measures aptitudes in verbal and mathematical fields) and the ACT (American College Testing program, which measures skills in English, mathematics, and the social and natural sciences).

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Because there are many colleges and universities in the United States, quite a large number of high school graduates do have an opportunity to get a higher education. But completing university studies is very difficult. On the average, only about half of the bachelor degree students complete full four-year courses.

Tuition fees are rather high at American universities, especially at private ones, and federal loans are not very big. That is why a majority of the students take on part-time jobs.

Harvard, Yale and Princeton are the most prestigious private universities in the Eastern United States. On the West Coast, the University of California at Berkeley and the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) are held along with Stanford University in Palo Alto near San Francisco.

The oldest American school is Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, near Boston. It was founded in 1636 by John Harvard, who was born in London and whose parents came from Stratford-upon-Avon in England.
5. Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations.

Образование, уровень жизни, доступный, общеобразовательная школа, среднее образование, возможность, способность, общественные науки, закончить, престижный, отличаться, естественные науки, плата за обучение, навык, работа неполный рабочий день, закон, преобладать, в среднем.

6. a) Match the words to get word combinations:

1) part-time	a) studies
2) elementary	b) degree
3) equal	c) loans
4) master’s	d) school
5) measure	e) fee
6) natural	f) opportunity
7) tuition	g) job
8) federal	h) aptitudes
9) complete	i) sciences

b) Fill in the gaps using the words from a) in the correct form and answer the questions.

1. What was the atmosphere like when you studied at the ________ school?

2. Do you pay ________ fees for your education at the university?

3. How can ________ be measured?

4. Does our state provide any ________ loans for education?

5. Do any of your groupmates take on ________ jobs?

6. Do young people in our country have ________ opportunity to choose the university they like?

7. Does your department provide master’s ________?

8. What year will you complete your ________ at the university?

9. What natural ________ do you study at the university?
7. Are the sentences True or False?

1. 
    Standard of living doesn’t depend on education.
   
2. 
    There is no difference between laws and standards of education in different states of America.
   
3. 
    The number of young people who get full secondary education is high.
   
4. 
    Pupils are not allowed to choose subjects.
   
5. 
    There are no private schools in the USA.
   
6. 
    Higher education is competitive and selective.
   
7. 
    It is enough to have a high school diploma to be admitted to a college or a university.
   
8. 
    Not all students complete full four-year courses.
   
9. 
    Education at American universities is free of charge.
   
10. 
     Harvard University is the oldest in the USA.
    

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8. Answer the questions using the information from the text.

1. 
    At what age is education compulsory?
   

2. What level of education can students choose subjects at?

3. What do high school graduates need to enter – a college or a university?

4. What percentage of bachelor degree students complete full four-year course? Why?

5. Why do the university students take on part-time jobs?

6. What is the most important principle of education at elementary school? at high school? at a university?
9. a) Match the phrases with the prepositions:

1) to be good	a) in
2) to be afraid	b) on
3) to be worried	c) at
4) to be terrible	d) about
5) to be interested	e) of
6) to be fond	f) at
7) to be keen	g) of

b) Complete the sentences with an adjective and prepositionso that they mean the same as the sentence above.

1. At school, Tom Cruise did well at sports.

At school, Tom Cruise was good at sports.

2. Other kids laughed at Bill Gates because his only interest was computers.

Other kids laughed at Bill Gates because he was only ________ computers.

3. Kurt Cobain didn’t like school, but he really liked his art teacher.

Kurt Cobain didn’t like school but he was ________ his art teacher.

4. At his school, Tiger Woods was frightened by the other boys.

At his school, Tiger Woods was ________ the other boys.

5. Winston Churchill hated school, but he loved reading.

Winston Churchill hated school, but he was very ________ reading.
10. Complete the text with the right form of the verbs (active or passive).

Degree-granting institutions in the United States ______ (call) colleges, institutes or universities. As a general rule, colleges ______ (be) smaller and usually ______ (offer) only undergraduate degrees, while a university also ______ (offer) graduate degrees and may include several colleges. Most of them are 4-year institutions. The words “school”, “college”, and “university” often ______ (use) interchangeably. An institute usually ______ (specialize) in degree programs in a group of closely related subject areas, for example, institutes of technology, institutes of fashion, institutes of art and design, and so on. Institutes may also be part of universities. Within each college or university schools ______ (find), such as the school of arts and sciences or the school of business. Each school is responsible for the degree programs offered by the college or university in that area of study.
11. Complete the text with the right form of the verbs (active or passive).

Community colleges in the USA ______ (provide) two-year associate degree programs, as well as excellent technical and vocational programs. They ______ (call) the associate of arts (A.A.) or associate of science (A.S.) degrees. As the name ______ (suggest), community colleges ______ (be) community-based institutions with close links to secondary schools, community groups, and employers, and many U.S. students ______ (live) close to campus with their families. Community colleges can be public or private institutions and sometimes ______ (call) junior colleges or two-year colleges. A growing number of international students ______ (choose) to study at community colleges. Tuition costs ______ (

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