Файл: Учебное пособие 3 курс contents vocabularly Text From the History of Russian Automobile Engineering.docx

technician — техник

deal with manufacturing cars - иметь дело с производством автомо­билей

work out the technology of manufacturing processes — разрабатывать технологию производственных процессов

put into mass production — запустить в массовое производство

subject to tests — подвергать испы­таниям

dependable brakes - надежные тор­моза

driving safety — безопасность упра­вления автомобилем

long service life - долгий срок службы

rapid acceleration — приемистость

ease of maintenance — простота техоб­служивания

meet up-to-date demands (require­ments) — отвечать современным требованиям

be stable on the road — быть устойчи­вым на дороге

ignition system — система зажигания

fuel consumption — расход топлива

car — легковой автомобиль

truck - грузовой автомобиль

Упражнение 1.Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на термины.

1. 
   After graduating from the college I shall become a technician.
   
2. 
   I shall deal with manufacturing cars.
   
3. 
   The production of the automobile comprises five phases, such as: designing, working out the technology of manufacturing processes, laboratory tests, road tests, mass production.
   

4. The automobile of today must have high efficiency, long serv­ice life, driving safety, ease of maintenance and be stable on the road.

5.The automobile must meet up-to-date demands, that is, it must have rapid acceleration, smooth-acting clutch, silent gearbox, dependable braking and steering systems, dependable ignition system.

6.Before the car is put into mass-production it must be subjected to laboratory and road tests.

7.Technicians should know the technology of manufacturing processes

Упражнение 2*.Прочтите и переведите интернациональные слова.

Specialist, automobile, industry, production, phase, technology, process, test, mass, fact, service, comfortable, ecological, method, type, corrosion, material, optimal, problem, mechanism, control, system.

Упражнение 3*.Переведите слова, обращая внимание на значение суффиксов.

Industry — industrial; to produce — production — producer; to de­sign — designer; technology — technological — technologically; to re­quire — requirement; efficient — efficiency — efficiently; safe — safely — safety; to maintain — maintenance; comfort — comfortable; ecology — ecological; to resist — resistance — resistant; to operate — operation — operational; to accelerate — acceleration; to construct — construction.

Работа с текстом

TEXT

Automobile Production

I study at the college, at the automobile-construction department. When I graduate from the college I shall become a technician. All spe­cialists in automobile industry dealing with manufacturing automo­biles (cars or trucks) must know that the production of the automobile comprises the following phases:

1. 
   -designing;
   
2. 
   -working out the technology of manufacturing processes;
   
3. 
   -laboratory tests;
   
4. 
   -road tests;
   
5. 
   -mass manufacturing (production).
   

Why is it necessary to know all these facts? It is important to know them, as before the automobile is put into mass production it should be properly designed and the car must meet up-to-date requirements. What are these requirements?

The automobile must have high efficiency, long service life, driv­ing safety, ease of handling and maintenance, pleasant apperance. Also it must be comfortable and ecological. In order to obtain these quali­ties the specialists should develop up-to-date methods of designing cars using new types of resistant to corrosion light materials. Also it is im­portant to know computer sciences because computers offer quick and optimal solutions of the problems. Besides they are used for better op­eration of mechanisms in cars.

Before the car is put into mass production the units of the car are subjected to tests in the Works laboratory and then the car undergoes a rigid quality control in road tests. Why are these tests required? What qualities are required of the automobile? They are needed because the modern automobile must be rapid in acceleration, have smooth acting clutch, silent gearbox, dependable braking and steering systems, de­pendable ignition system, low fuel consumption and be stable on the road.

Послетекстовые упражнения

Упражнение 1. Найдите в тексте ответы на вопросы:

1.What department do you study at?

2.What will you become after graduating from the college?

3.What should automobile specialists know?

4.What phases does the production of the automobile comprise?

5.What requirements must modern automobiles meet?

6.Why are automobile units and mechanisms subjected to labo­ratory and road tests?

7.What qualities are required of the automobile?

8.Why are computers used in cars?

Упражнение 2. Закончите предложения, выбрав соответствующий вариант окончания.

1. An automobile specialist deals with ....

a.working out technological processes;

b.constructing and manufacturing cars;

c.producing new resistant to corrosion light materials.

2. The production of the automobile comprises ....

a.designing and mass production;

b.manufacturing and tests;

c.designing and working out technological processes, labora­tory and road tests and mass production.

3.The cars are subjected to tests in order....

a.to work out new technological processes;

b.to meet up-to-date requirements;

c.to shorten the time between designing and manufacturing.

4.The qualities required of the automobile are ....

a.high efficiency, long service life, driving safety and pleasant appearance;

b.smooth acting clutch, silent gearbox, dependable braking and steering systems;

c.new types of resistant to corrosion materials.

5. The car must have the following units:....

a.high efficiency, long service life, driving safety and pleasant appearance;

b.smooth-acting clutch, silent gearbox, dependable braking and steering systems;

c.new types of resistant to corrosion materials.

Работа с диалогом

DIALOGUE

Anton: Where do you study?

Boris: I study at the automobile construction college.

A: Whom does the college train?

B: It trains specialists for the automobile industry.

6. 
   A: Why did you decide to become a technician?
   
7. 
   B: I enjoy working with machines. I enjoy learning about a car. I understand every part of it.
   
   1. 
      A: What can you tell me about the car?
      

B: Well, the car of today must be rapid in acceleration, it must have dependable clutch, brakes, and steering system, be stable on the road and have pleasant appearance.

A: Do you enjoy the course?

B: Yes, very much. I have learned a lot of things. For example, I know that the production of the car comprises five phases.

A: What are they?

B: They are designing, working out the technology, laboratory tests, road tests, mass production.

1. 
   A: And why are laboratory and road tests needed?
   

B: The cars are subjected to tests in order to meet up-to-date de­mands.

A: And what are these demands?

B: They are high efficiency, long service life, driving safety, ease of maintenance and so on.

A: I think you will become an expert in automobile engineering.

B: I'll try. The cooperative plan of an academic program with prac­tice at a plant will help me to become a good specialist.

Упражнение 1. Найдите в тексте диалога английские эквиваленты следующих русских слов и выражений и запишите их:

Учусь в автомобилестроительном колледже, техник, люблю работать с машинами, современный автомобиль, надежные тормоза, плавное сцепление, приятный внешний вид, массовое производство автомобилей, стендовые испытания, отвечать современным требованиям, долгий срок службы, легкость техобслуживания, надежность, быстро разгоняться (при­ёмистость), подвергаться жестким дорожным испытаниям

Упражнение 2. Закончите предложения, подобрав соответствующие по смыслу слова (или словосочетания), приведенные ниже.

Домашнее задание

Упражнение 1.Ответьте на вопросы.

8. 
   1.What college do you study at?
   
9. 
   2.What will you become after graduating from the college?
   
10. 
    3.What will you deal with?
    
11. 
    4.What phases does the production of the automobile comprise?
    
12. 
    5.Why are the cars subjected to laboratory and road tests?
    
13. 
    6.What qualities must the car have?
    
14. 
    7.What units must the car have?
    

Производство автомобилей

Словарь урока

construct — конструировать

construction — конструкция

constructor — конструктор

deal with - иметь дело

demand - требовать, требование

dependable brakes — надежные тормоза

design - проектировать, проект

designer - проектировщик, кон­структор

develop - разрабатывать

development — разработка

driving safety — безопасность езды

efficiency - эффективность, КПД

engineer — инженер

fuel consumption - расход топлива

handling - эксплуатация, уход

ignition system — система зажигания

maintenance — техобслуживание

manufacture – производить

manufacturer — промышленник,изготовитель

manufacturing — производство

mechanics - механик

mechanism — механизм

produce — производить

producer — промышленник (тот, кто производит)

production - производство

put into mass production - запустить в массовое производство

quality — качество

rapid acceleration — быстрый разгон (приёмистость)

require - требовать, просить

requirement - требование, запрос

rigid quality control — жесткий кон­троль качества

science - наука

scientist - ученый

service life - срок службы

silent gearbox — бесшумная коробка передач

smooth-acting clutch - плавное сцеп­ление

solution — решение

steering system - система рулевого управления

subject to tests — подвергать испы­таниям

technician — техник

technologist – технолог

technology — технология

undergo tests — проходить испыта­ния

unit — узел, агрегат

up-to-date – современный

release the engine — отсоединить дви­гатель

running gear — ходовая часть

source of power — источник энер­гии

TEXT 3: Строение автомобиля

Работа с лексикой

engine (power plant) — двигатель(силовая установка)

chassis — шасси

body — кузов

power train — силовая передача

running gear — ходовая часть

steering system - рулевое управление

brakes — тормоза

clutch - сцепление

gearbox — коробка передач

propeller shaft — карданный вал

final drive - главная передача

differential - дифференциал

rear axle — задний мост

axle shafts — полуоси

frame with axles — рама с осями

wheels and springs — колеса с рессо­рами

hood — капот

fenders — крылья

heater - отопитель

windshield wiper — стеклоочиститель

include — включать в себя

consist of — состоять из

as well — также

in turn — в свою очередь

source of power — источник энергии

fuel — топливо

cooling — охлаждение

lubricating — смазка

Упражнение 1.Прочтите и переведите интернациональные слова.

Automobile, chassis, electric, system, control, differential, venti­lator, cylinder.

Работа с текстом

TEXT

Components of the Automobile

The automobile is made up of three basic parts: the power plant, or the engine, the chassis and the body.

The engine is the source of power that makes the wheels rotate and the car move. It includes fuel, cooling, lubricating and electric systems. Most automobile engines have six or eight cylinders

The chassis includes a power train (power transmission), a run­ning gear, steering and braking systems as well.

The power train carries the power from the engine to the car wheels.

The power transmission, in turn, contains the clutch, gearbox, propeller or cardan shaft, final drive, differential, rear axle and axle shafts. The running gear consists of a frame with axles, wheels and springs.

The body has a hood, fenders and accessories: the heater, stereo tape recorder, windshield wipers, conditioner, speedometer and so on.