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English Adjectives
Прилагательные. Вступление Прилагательное – часть речи, которая обозначает признак предмета и отвеча ет на вопрос what? какой? red, good, interesting, wideПрилагательные не изменяются ни по родам, ни по числам, ни по падежам. a young man a young woman young people by a young womanВ предложении прилагательные употребляются в функции определения , а также именной части составного сказуемогоThe large box is on the table. (определение)The box is large. (именная часть составного сказуемого)| Materials |
| iron steel rubber paper woollen wooden silver glass plastic |
| Taste |
| sweet sour bitter delicious spicy salty fresh tasty good |
| Colours |
| white red green blue black orange pink yellow purple |
| Shapes |
| square round triangular straight circular rectangular flat oval |
| Weather |
| cloudy sunny hot warm snowy rainy stormy foggy cold |
| Size |
| tall wide short long tiny big large small narrow |
| Texture |
| hard soft smooth sharp even sticky wet dry rough |
| Sound |
| loud soft quiet faint silent noisy melodic hoarse mute |
| round smooth juicy sweet sour red green yellow |
| hard heavy light delicious shiny good yummy bruised |
| attractive | young | beautiful | |
| tall | pretty | athletic | |
| cute | plump | suntanned | |
| adorable | blonde | lovely | neat |
| clean | clumsy | elegant | curvy |
| gorgeous | graceful | chubby | perfect |
| pleasant | well-built | thin | well-dressed |
| slender | middle-aged | skinny | overweight |
| tense | good-looking | old-fashioned | glamorous |
| ordinary/plain | presentable | redhead | blushing |
What are they like?
| loyal | funny | curious | |
| friendly | happy | gentle | |
| caring | helpful | smart | |
| brave | good | honest | |
| chatty | clever | quiet | shy |
| nice | kind | polite | bright |
| calm | moody | creative | energetic |
| generous | fearless | positive | talkative |
| faithful | charming | humorous | nervous |
| hard-working | adventurous | easy-going | lazy |
| afraid | asleep | ill |
| aware | glad | alike |
| alive | ashamed | alone |
| awake | upset | well |
| Единственное число | Множественное число | Субст-ные прил-ные |
| a young man an old woman a blind man a sick boy a poor man a rich woman a wounded man a brave boy a homeless man a injured man | two young men three old women two blind persons a few sick boys two poor men a few rich women two wounded men two brave boys two homeless men two injured men | the young the old/elderly the blind the sick the poor the rich the wounded the brave the homeless the injured |
the и переводятся существительными множ-го числа Прилагательные в роли абстрактных существительных
| useful unexplainable unexpected beautiful wild fabulous good unreal great the best bad invisible present | полезный необъяснимый неожиданный красивый дикий невероятный хороший нереальный великий самый лучший плохой невидимый настоящий | the useful the unexplainable the unexpected the beautiful the wild the fabulous the good the unreal the great the best the bad the invisible the present | польза необъяснимое неожиданное красота дикая природа невероятное хорошее нереальное великое лучшее плохое невидимое настоящее |
| Особенности : |
| good-looking - привлекательный well-dressed – хорошо одетый high-heeled – на высоком каблуке well-planned – хорошо сплан-ный badly-planned – плохо сплан-ный badly-behaved – плохо восп-ный well-known – очень знаменитый handmade – сделанный руками first-class – первый класс part-time – частично занятой full-time – полная занятость brand-new – совершенно новый duty-free – беспошлинный one-way – односторонний second-hand – подержанный more-qualified – высококвал-ный ill-equipped – плохо оборуд-ный |
Составные прилагательные/причастия
| Личность: |
| hard-working - трудолюбивый kind-hearted - добросердечный absent-minded - рассеянный two-faced - двуличный self-centered - эгоцентричный good-natured - простодушный quick-tempered - раздраж-ный short-tempered - несдержанный bad-tempered - злой broad-minded - широкого кругозора narrow-minded - узкого кругозора easy-going - веселый |
| Внешность: |
| fair-haired - русоволосый curly-haired - кучерявый green-eyed - зеленоглазый long-legged - длинноногий left-handed - левша right-handed - правша flatfooted – с плоскостопией short-sighted - близорукий cross-eyed - косоглазый dark-skinned - темнокожий narrow-waisted – с узкой талией freckle-faced - веснушчатый broad-shouldered - широкоплечий |
| un- | unhappy, unable, uncomfortable |
| in- | independent, indirect, invisible |
| dis- | disappointing, discouraging |
| im- | impossible, imperfect, immoral |
| non- | non-governmental, non-alcoholic |
| ir- | irregular, irresponsible, irrational |
| post- | post-operational, post-graduate |
| inter- | interdependent, international |
| il- | illegal, illiberal, illimitable, illogical |
| pre- | prehistoric, prepaid |
| under- | underused, underpaid, underestimated |
| anti- | antisocial, antiaircraft, anti-corruption |
| hyper- | hyperactive, hypersonic |
| un- | in- | dis- | im- | non- |
| unhappy unable uncomfortable unequal unusual unacceptable unattractive unbearable undaunted unwelcoming unnatural unprofessional unrecoverable unhelpful unknown unfinished unguarded untranslatable undrinkable unthinkable | independent indirect invisible incomplete incorrect inadequate inaccurate inactive informal inarticulate inorganic inappropriate insane indefinite indecent incomplete | disappointing discouraging dishonest disagreeable disapproved disorganized disrespectful disadvantageous disharmonious disheartened dispassionate | impossible imperfect immoral impolite immemorial impersonal immobile immoral | non-governmental non-alcoholic non-metallic non-professional non-recoverable non-descript non-renewable |
Префиксы прилагательных
| a- | apolitical, amoral |
| out- | outstanding |
| semi- | semicircular, semipermanent |
| over- | overconfident |
| pro- | prospective |
| retro- | retrospective, retroflex |
| extra- | extracurricular, extraordinary, extracellular |
| sub- | subtropical, substandard |
| infra- | infrared, infrasonic, infraspecific |
| trans- | transnational, transatlantic |
| super- | supernatural |
| hyper- hypo- | hyperactive, hypersonic, hypoallergenic, hypodermic |
| ultra- | ultrasonic, ultramicroscopic, ultrafast |
| -ic/ical | academic, politic, political, historic |
| -ian | Russian, Rumanian, Georgian |
| -ate | fortunate, moderate, adequate |
| -ful | useful, doubtful, skilful, beautiful |
| -less | helpless, useless, doubtless |
| -ous | famous, dangerous, mountainous |
| -al | normal, global, central, regional |
| -able/ible | eatable, accessible, reasonable |
| -ant/ent | distant, dependent, important |
| -en | golden, wooden, silken, woollen |
| -like | manlike, birdlike, ladylike, childlike |
| -ly/y | friendly, weekly, cloudy, healthy |
| -ish | English, Spanish, Finnish, childish |
| -ate | -ful | -less | ||
| fortunate moderate adequate deliberate appropriate corporate affectionate considerate literate passionate | useful doubtful skilful beautiful helpful awful faithful thoughtful hopeful graceful successful peaceful careful wonderful colourful harmful bashful playful cheerful tactful thankful powerful stressful painful | shameful dreadful boastful delightful forgetful joyful lawful meaningful plentiful respectful tasteful forceful grateful hateful pitiful deceitful sorrowful | soundless helpless useless doubtless colourless hopeless aimless merciless helpless fearless homeless careless tactless powerless harmless lifeless sleeveless groundless restless breathless meaningless expressionless defenceless motionless | effortless pointless tasteless faithless worthless lawless |