5.2. Text Отдых. Спорт.

Read, translate and retell the text:

Attitudes for leisure have been much influenced by the modern love of moving around and by the ease of travel.

Britain is the only country in Europe, except Malta, where driving is on the left. Since Britain has the highest density of traffic in the world, traffic jams during rush hours and at holiday times are fairly common.

Britain is also the only country in the Common Market whose employers are not forced by law to give their workers paid holidays. However, many employers have written agreements with their workers giving them three or four weeks' holiday a year — not counting the eight days of national holiday.

It was the British who started the fashion for seaside holidays — not surprisingly, since nobody in Britain lives more than one hundred and twenty kilometres from the sea. The coast is the most popular objective of English people for their annual holiday. Few English people rent houses or flats for their holidays, but one of the traditional ways of spending a summer holiday is in a boarding-house, which may have a card in its window advertising 'apartments', or 'bed and breakfast'.

There are holiday camps all round the coast of Great Britain. They are ideal places for people who do not want the effort of looking for entertainment. Trained staff look after the children so that the parents can have time off to enjoy themselves. There are youth hostels in different parts of Britain. It is possible to arrange a walking or cycling tour, moving from hostel to hostel.

The English are great lovers of competitive sports. The game peculiarly associated with England is cricket. Rugby got its name from the English public school, Rugby, where, about a century ago, a boy picked up a soccer ball and ran with it.

Football is the most popular team game in Britain. The British invented it and it has spread to every corner of the world.

Next to Association Football, the chief spectator sport in English life is horse racing. Partly because of the laws which forbid such activities on Sunday, most horse racing takes place on working days and during working hours.

A popular sporting event in Great Britain is the Open Golf Championship. Golf was invented by the Scots, and its headquarters is at the Royal and Ancient Golf Club in St Andrews.

The Wimbledon Tennis Tournament, in July, at Wimbledon, south London, is regarded by many tennis players as the most important championship to win. There is great public interest in the tournament. Many tennis fans queue all night outside the grounds in order to get tickets for the finals.

ADD TO YOUR ACTIVE VOCABULARY:

leisure — отдых

ease — облегчать

density — плотность

traffic jam — дорожная пробка

rush hour — час пик

employer — работодатель

paid holidays — оплачиваемый отпуск

written agreement — письменное соглашение

fashion for seaside holidays — мода на отпуск у моря

bed and breakfast — проживание и завтрак

effort — попытка

entertainment — развлечение

peculiarly — особенно

team game — командная игра

spread — распространяться

chief — главный

spectator — зритель

forbid — запрещать

headquarters — штаб

tournament — турнир

is regarded — считается

Lexical exercises

Exercise 1. Answer the questions:

1. Have attitudes for leisure been much influenced by the modern love of moving around or by the ease of travel?

2. Is Britain the only country in Europe, except Malta, where driving is on the left?

3. Since Britain has the highest density of traffic in the world, traffic jams during rush hours and at holiday times are fairly common, aren’t them?

4. Is Britain the only country in the Common Market whose employers are not forced by law to give their workers paid holidays?

5. Who have written agreements with their workers giving them three or four weeks' holiday a year?

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6. Why was it the British who started the fashion for seaside holidays?

7. What is the most popular objective of English people for their annual holiday?

8. Where do English people spend a summer holiday?

9. Where are holiday camps?

10. What are ideal places for people who do not want the effort of looking for entertainment?

11. Who looks after the children so that the parents can have time off to enjoy themselves?

12. Where are youth hostels?

13. Is it possible to arrange a walking or cycling tour, moving from hostel to hostel?

14. The English are great lovers of competitive sports, aren’t they?

15. What game is peculiarly associated with England?

16. What is the most popular team game in Britain?

17. The chief spectator sport in English life is horse racing, isn’t it?

18. What is a popular sporting event in Great Britain?

19. When is the Wimbledon Tennis Tournament held?

20. Where is the Wimbledon Tennis Tournament held?

Exercise 2. Finish the sentences below using words from the text:

1. Britain is also the only country in the Common Market whose employers …. 2. However, many employers have written agreements with their workers giving them three …. 3. It was the British who started the …. 4. There are holiday camps all round the coast of Great Britain. 5. They are ideal places for people who …. 6. There are youth hostels in …. 7. It is possible to arrange a …. 8. The English are great lovers of …. 9. The game peculiarly associated with England is …. 10. Football is the …. 11. The British invented it and …. 12. Next to Association Football, the chief spectator sport in …. 13. A popular sporting event in Great Britain is …. 14. Many tennis fans queue all night outside the ….

Exercise 3. Translate from Russian into English using words and word combinations of the text:

1. Отдых очень важен для каждого. 2. Есть много способов провести отпуск. 3. В России каждый работодатель обязан предоставить работникам оплачиваемый отпуск за каждый отработанный год. 4. Обычно оплачиваемый отпуск длится 4 недели. 5. Путешествуя с семьей, проще останавливаться в гостиницах, которые предоставляют проживание и завтрак. 6. Ночлег в хостеле менее комфортный, но более дешевый. 7. Многие люди занимаются спортом в свободное время. 8. Среди командных видов спорта наиболее популярными являются хоккей и футбол. 9. Гольф не очень популярен в нашей стране. 10. Конный спорт – очень дорогое занятие, его могут позволить только состоятельные люди. 11. Многие люди предпочитают смотреть спортивные соревнования по телевизору. 12. Теннис – отличный способ поддерживать физическую форму.

Exercise 4. Fill in the blanks with the prepositions:

1. Attitudes … leisure have been much influenced … the modern love … moving … and … the ease … travel. 2. Britain is the only country … Europe, except Malta, where driving is … the left. 3. Since Britain has the highest density … traffic … the world, traffic jams … rush hours and … holiday times are fairly common. 4. The coast is the most popular objective … English people … their annual holiday. 5. Few English people rent houses or flats … their holidays, but one … the traditional ways … spending a summer holiday is … a boarding-house, which may have a card … its window advertising 'apartments', or 'bed and breakfast'. 6. There are holiday camps all … the coast … Great Britain. 7. They are ideal places … people who do not want the effort … looking … entertainment. 8. Trained staff look … the children so that the parents can have time … to enjoy themselves. 9. It is possible to arrange a walking or cycling tour, moving … hostel … hostel. 10. Rugby got its name … the English public school, Rugby, where, … a century ago, a boy picked … a soccer ball and ran … it. 11. The British invented it and it has spread … every corner … the world. 12. Partly because … the laws which forbid such activities … Sunday, most horse racing takes place … working days and … working hours. 13. Golf was invented … the Scots, and its headquarters is … the Royal and Ancient Golf Club … St Andrews. 14. The Wimbledon Tennis Tournament, … July, … Wimbledon, south London, is regarded … many tennis players as the most important championship to win.

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5.3. Text for suplementary reading

Sports in Britain

Read, translate and retell the text:

Britain was the first home of many of the modern world's most popular sports. The British cannot claim, today, that they have, as a nation, surpassing skill in any form of sport when they engage in international competition. But they care strongly about the 'sporting spirit', the capacity to play with respect for the rules and the opponents, to win with modesty and to lose with good temper.

Many games are English in origin, but have been adopted with enthusiasm in other countries, but cricket has been seriously and extensively adopted only in the Commonwealth countries, particularly in Australia, New Zealand, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, the West Indies.

First class professional cricket clubs represent counties and play three-day matches against each other. Organized amateur cricket is played between club teams, mainly on Saturday afternoons. As in soccer, there are numerous amateur clubs and school teams, though the game is making no progress in popularity.

For the great mass of the British public the eight months of the football season are more important than the four months of cricket.

There are plenty of amateur association football (or 'soccer') clubs, but professional football is big business. Every large town has at least one professional football club. The players are bought and sold between the clubs, and 'transfer fees' can be equivalent to dozens of thousands of pounds.

There is no British team. England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland compete separately in European and World Cup matches. The English and Welsh clubs have together formed a League with four divisions. The Scottish League has two divisons. The champions of the English First Divison, and the Scottish Premier Divison qualify to play in the European Cup competition. Recently there has been violent behaviour on the part of some football supporters, which has earned British football a bad reputation both at home and abroad.

One of the famous horse race meetings is the Grand National, which takes place at Aintree, near Liverpool, in March or April. It is England's main steeplechase (race over fences). The course is over seven kilometres and includes thirty jumps, of which fourteen are jumped twice. It is a dangerous race. Jockeys have been hurt and horses have been killed. Another important horse race meeting is the Derby, taking place at Epsom, south of London, in May or June. It is England's leading flat race (not over fences). A very fashionable race is Ascot, near Windsor, in June. The Queen always attends.

No less popular is the Boat Race between Oxford and Cambridge universities, on the River Thames in London at Easter. The course is over seven kilometres. Oxford has won about sixty times, Cambridge nearly seventy. Henley (Rowing) Regatta takes place at Henley on the Thames (between London and Oxford). It is an international summer event and a fashionable occasion. Cowes Week is another, yachting regatta. Cowes is a small town on the Isle of Wight, opposite Southampton, and a world-famous yachting centre.

When English people use the word 'hunting', they usually mean fox-hunting, a sport which is popular among a small but important minority. There are 'closed seasons', when it is unlawful to shoot or hunt game and certain other animals. These seasons vary, according to the animals. There is no law about hunting foxes, but there is a fox-hunting season — from November to March. In the Scottish Highlands deer are hunted on foot, with a gun. This is called 'deer stalking'. Many of the male hunters wear 'pink' (that is, red coats). On the whole hunting is a sport for the rich.

However, the most popular country sport is fishing, and there are more than 4 million anglers in Britain. Many fish for salmon and trout particularly in the rivers and lochs of Scotland, but in England and Wales the most widely practised form of fishing is for coarse fish such as pike, carp, roach, dace, tench, chub and bream.Angling clubs affiliate to the National Federation of Anglers and many clubs organize angling competitions. Freshwater fishing usually has to be paid for most coarse fishing is let to angling clubs by private owners, while trout and salmon fishermen either join a club, or pay for the right to fish by the day, week or month. Coastal and deep sea fishing are free to all (apart from salmon and sea trout fishing which is by licence only).

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ADD TO YOUR ACTIVE VOCABULARY:

claim — требовать

surpass — превосходить

capacity — вместимость

temper — характер

counties — графства

amateur — любительский

minority — меньшинство

unlawful — незаконный

hunt game — охотиться на дичь

deer stalking — выслеживание оленя

anglers — рыболов

trout — форель

loch — озеро

roach — плотва

dace — елец

tench — линь

chub — голавль

bream — лещ

affiliate — филиал

private owner — частный владелец

coastal — береговой

licence — лицензия

Lexical exercises

Exercise 1. Answer the questions:

1. Britain was the first home of many of the modern world's most popular sports, wasn’t it?

2. What do British care strongly about?

3. Many games are English in origin, aren’t they?

4. Where has cricket been seriously and extensively adopted?

5. Do first class professional cricket clubs represent counties and play three-day matches against each other?

6. When is organized amateur cricket played between club teams?

7. There are plenty of amateur association football (or 'soccer') clubs, but professional football is big business, isn’t it?

8. Has every large or small town at least one professional football club?

9. How much can be 'transfer fees'?

10. Why do England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland compete separately in European and World Cup matches?

11. Who qualify to play in the European Cup competition?

12. Who has earned British football a bad reputation both at home and abroad?

13. When and where does the Grand National take place?

14. Another important horse race meeting is the Derby, isn’t it?

15. What fashionable race did the Queen attend?

16. Is the Boat Race between Oxford and Cambridge universities popular?

17. How many times has Oxford won?

18. What is a small town on the Isle of Wight, opposite Southampton, and a world-famous yachting centre.

19. What sport is popular among a small but important minority?

20. When is a fox-hunting season?

21. What is a sport for the rich?

22. What is the most popular country sport?

23. Where do anglers fish for salmon and trout?

24. Freshwater fishing usually has to be paid for, hasn’t it?

25. Are coastal and deep sea fishing free to all (apart from salmon and sea trout fishing which is by licence only)?

Exercise 2. Transcribe, read and translate the following words:

Surpassing, engage, international, capacity, modesty, origin, enthusiasm, seriously, extensively, Commonwealth, particularly, Australia, New Zealand, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, the West Indies, professional, amateur, numerous, association, soccer, transfer, equivalent, dozens, thousands, pounds, separately, European, League, divisons, champions, qualify, violent, behaviour, earned, steeplechase, course, thirty, twice, dangerous, jockeys, fashionable, yachting, regatta, minority, unlawful, anglers, pike, carp, roach, dace, tench, chub, bream, affiliate, coarse, licence.

Exercise 3. Fill in the blanks with the prepositions:

1. The British cannot claim, today, that they have, as a nation, surpassing skill … any form … sport when they engage … international competition. 2. But they care strongly … the 'sporting spirit', the capacity to play … respect … the rules and the opponents, to win … modesty and to lose … good temper. 3. Many games are English … origin, but have been adopted … enthusiasm … other countries, but cricket has been seriously and extensively adopted only … the Commonwealth countries, particularly … Australia, New Zealand, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, the West Indies. 4. Organized amateur cricket is played … club teams, mainly … Saturday afternoons. 5. The players are bought and sold … the clubs, and 'transfer fees' can be equivalent to dozens … thousands … pounds. 6. Recently there has been violent behaviour … the part … some football supporters, which has earned British football a bad reputation both … home and abroad. 7. One … the famous horse race meetings is the Grand National, which takes place … Aintree, near Liverpool, … March or April. 8. Another important horse race meeting is the Derby, taking place … Epsom, south … London, … May or June. 9. No less popular is the Boat Race between Oxford and Cambridge universities, … the River Thames … London … Easter. 10. Cowes is a small town … the Isle … Wight, … Southampton, and a world-famous yachting centre. 11. There is no law … hunting foxes, but there is a fox-hunting season — … November … March. 12. … the Scottish Highlands deer are hunted … foot, … a gun. 13. Many fish … salmon and trout particularly … the rivers and lochs … Scotland, but … England and Wales the most widely practised form … fishing is … coarse fish such as pike, carp, roach, dace, tench, chub and bream. 14. Freshwater fishing usually has to be paid … most coarse fishing is let to angling clubs … private owners, while trout and salmon fishermen either join a club, or pay … the right to fish … the day, week or month.

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Exercise 4. Finish the sentences:

1. Britain was the first home of many …. 2. Many games are English in origin, but have been adopted with enthusiasm in …. 3. First class professional cricket clubs represent counties and …. 4. Organized amateur cricket is played between …. 5. As in soccer, there are numerous amateur clubs and school teams, though …. 6. For the great mass of the British public the eight months of the football season are more important than …. 7. There are plenty of amateur association football (or 'soccer') clubs, but …. 8. Every large town has at least …. 9. England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland compete …. 10. Recently there has been violent behaviour on the part of some football supporters, which …. 11. The course is over seven kilometres and includes …. 12. A very fashionable race is Ascot, near …. 13. The course is over …. 14. Henley (Rowing) Regatta takes place at …. 15. There are 'closed seasons', when it is unlawful to …. 16. These seasons vary, according to …. 17. There is no law about hunting foxes, but there is a …. 18. Many of the male hunters wear…. 19. On the whole hunting is a sport for …. 20. However, the most popular country sport is fishing, and there are more than …. 21. Angling clubs affiliate to …. 22. Coastal and deep sea fishing ….

Раздел 6

6.1. Грамматическая тема «Предлоги»

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