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G R A M M A R 28 VERBS F O L L O W E D BY INC OR I N F I N I T I V E

Verbs followed by -ing, or infinitive without to

Some verbs can be followed by an object + -ing, or an infinitive without to.

There is a change in meaning. These verbs are sometimes called 'verbs of

perception' and include:

feel, hear, listen to, notice, see, watch

If we see or hear only part of the action, or it continues, we use the -ing form. If we see or hear the whole action from beginning to end, we use the infinitive without to. Compare:

/ felt

the

train

moving.

(continuing action)

/ felt

the

train

move.

(one completed action)

Some of these verbs can be used with a that clause with a change of

meaning.

 

/ feel that you should look for another job.

(believe)

I've just heard that the match is off.

(receive news)

See that you lock up when you leave.

(make sure)

167

FIRST CERTIFICATE LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Complete each sentence with a suitable form of the verb in brackets.

a)

I really miss (play)

playing

tennis like I used to.

b)

I'm sorry. I meant (write)

 

to you, but I've been busy.

c)

Martin failed (pay)

 

the rent on time yet again.

d)

It's not worth (buy)

 

a return ticket.

e)

Have you ever considered (work)

as a teacher?

f)

I promise I won't forget (feed)

the cat.

g)

We've arranged (meet)

 

outside the school at 4.30.

h)

If you've got a headache, try (take)

an aspirin.

2Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given.

a)Jack said that he hadn't cheated in the exam. cheating

Jack

denied

cheating

in the exam.

b)It was difficult for me not to laugh at Wendy's letter. help

I

at Wendy's letter.

c)I'm sorry but you have not been appointed to the post. regret

I

you have not been appointed to the post.

d)I needed a drink of water and so I stopped running. to

I stopped running

water.

e)I think it would be a good idea to take the train. taking

 

I

the train.

f)

Don't forget the lights when you leave.

 

 

off

 

 

Don't forget

when you leave.

g)

I think Derek has forgotten the meeting.

 

 

appears

 

 

Derek

the meeting.

h)

My neighbour said he would call the police!

 

 

threatened

 

 

My neighbour

the police.

168


G R A M M A R 28 VERBS F O L L O W E D BY -ING OR I N F I N I T I V E

3 Complete each sentence with a suitable form of the verb in brackets.

a)

Pauline couldn't manage (eat)

to

eat

all the ice cream.

b)

I've decided (not sell)

 

my bike

after all.

c)

A witness reported (see)

 

Terry at the scene of the crime.

d) William pretended (not notice)

 

 

the 'No Parking' sign.

e)

I suppose I tend (buy)

 

more books than I used to.

f)

Sometimes I regret (move)

 

to this part of the country.

g)

Did you notice anyone (wait)

 

 

outside when you left?

h)

Mark expects (finish)

 

work round about 6.00.

4 Complete each sentence with a suitable form of one of the verbs in brackets.

a)

Mary was so angry that she

demanded..

to see the manager.

 

(demand, hope, risk, stop)

 

 

b)

The weather is so awful that I don't

going out this

 

evening.

 

 

 

(fancy, like, try, want)

 

 

 

 

c)

The children could hardly

to leave their pets behind.

 

 

 

(bear, forget, regret, seem)

 

 

 

d) John

 

to let his children go to the concert.

 

 

 

(afford,

avoid,

refuse, stop)

 

 

 

e)

If I give you the information, I

losing my job!

 

 

 

(expect, mean,

prepare, risk)

 

 

 

f)

What do you

 

to be doing in ten years time?

 

 

 

(begin,

expect,

remember, suggest)

 

 

g)

Do you

 

to tell the police about the missing money?

 

 

 

(admit,

confess, deny, intend)

 

Key p o i n t s

l

Check new verbs in a good dictionary as it will show how they should be used.

 

2

Note that some verbs can be used in different ways with changes of meaning.

169


Explanations

Prepositions

About

following verbs

 

agree about, argue about, boast about, dream about, know about, laugh about,

 

 

read about, talk about

 

At

 

 

guess at, laugh at, look at

 

For

 

 

apply for, arrange for, ask for something, blame someone for, care for, forgive

 

 

someone for, look for, pay for something, search for, vote for, wait for

 

-

In

 

 

believe in, confide in someone, involve someone in something, specialise in,

 

 

succeed in, take part in

 

-

Of

 

 

accuse someone of something, (dis)approve of, die of something, dream of,

 

 

remind someone of something, rob someone of something, smell of, taste of,

 

 

warn someone of something

 

On

 

 

blame something on someone, concentrate on, congratulate someone on

 

 

something, depend on, insist on, rely on

 

-

To

 

 

add something to, admit to, apologise to someone for something, be accustomed

 

 

to, be used to, belong to, confess to, explain something to someone, lend

 

 

something to someone, listen to, object to, reply to, talk to someone about

 

 

something

 

With

 

 

agree with, argue with, begin with, charge someone with a crime, deal with,

 

 

discuss something with someone, provide someone with something, share

 

 

something with someone, trust someone with something

Prepositions

About

following

 

annoyed about, anxious about, certain about, excited about, happy about,

adjectives

 

pleased about, right about, sorry about, upset about

 

At

 

 

angry at, annoyed at, bad/good at, surprised at

 

By

bored by, shocked by, surprised by


G R A M M A R 29 V E R B / A D J E C T I V E + P R E P O S I T I O N

For

famous for, late for, ready for, sorry for

-From

absent from, different from, safe from

-In

interested in

-Of

afraid of, ashamed of, aware of, capable of, fond of, full of, it is good of you (to do something), jealous of

On

keen on

-To

grateful to, kind to, married to

-With

angry with, annoyed with, bored with, happy with, pleased with

171

FIRST CERTIFICATE LANGUAGE PRACTICE

1 Put one suitable word in each space.

a)

A lot of people I know really believe

in

ghosts.

b)

Martin grew to be very fond

 

his pet snake.

c)

This bread tastes

fish!

 

 

d)

Everyone was shocked

 

Susan's strange appearance.

e)

The company blamed the drop in sales

the economic situation.

f)

Brenda decided to discuss her problems

a psychiatrist.

g)

When Harry made his speech, everyone laughed

him.

h)

Robert has been married

 

Deborah for over a year.

i)

You were right after all

 

the result of the election.

j)

The woman who lived next door admitted

the robbery.

2 Rewrite each sentence beginning as shown. Do not change the meaning.

a) Two men stole the old lady's handbag.

The old lady was robbed of her handbag,

b)John finds photography interesting. John is

c)Helen has a good knowledge of car engines. Helen knows a lot

d)The food in France is famous. France is

e)I'd like to thank your brother for his help. I am very grateful

f)Can you and Stephen share this book, please? Can you share this book

g)I find studying all night rather difficult. I'm not used to

h)Harry feels frightened when he sees a snake. Harry is afraid

i)I'm sorry about breaking your camera.

Please forgive me

j) Peter knows how to draw well. Peter is good