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61
METHODS
In 30 patients with early IBP BMD was assessed using dual energy
X-ray absorptiometry at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Further imaging performed
included MRI of the sacroiliac joints (SIJs) and spine at baseline and X-rays of the
SIJs at baseline and after 8 years.
RESULTS
After 12 months no significant reduction in hip, spine and hand BMD
was seen at the group level. However, hip bone loss was found to be associated
with raised baseline C-reactive protein levels, baseline MRI bone marrow oedema
of the SIJs and the presence of radiographic sacroiliitis after 8 years. No
association was found with change in spine and hand BMD.
CONCLUSION
Systemic bone loss in the hip is an early feature of the
inflammatory disease process in patients with IBP in undifferentiated
spondyloarthropathy. These data highlight the importance of aggressive
intervention in the early stages of disease in undifferentiated spondyloarthropathy.
undifferentiated –
недифференцированный
highlight –
указывать
на
aggressive intervention –
агрессивное
вмешательство
9B
c) CLOSED REDUCTION METHODS FOR TREATING DISTAL
RADIAL FRACTURES IN ADULTS
Handoll G, Madhok R
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2003, Issue 1
OBJECTIVES
To examine effectiveness of different methods of closed
reduction for displaced fractures of the distal radius in adults.
METHODS
We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,
MEDLINE, and conference proceedings. Randomised or quasi-randomised
clinical trials were included. We also considered the use or not of anaesthesia.
MAIN RESULTS
Three trials involving a total of 404 adults with displaced
fractures of the distal radius were included.
The first trial found no statistically significant differences between mechanical
reduction using finger trap traction and manual reduction in anatomical
outcomes. All participants of this trial were given intravenous regional
anaesthesia.
The second trial compared a novel non-anaesthetised method of manual
reduction involving counter-traction versus traditional manual reduction under
intravenous regional anaesthesia. No differences in anatomical outcome were
detected.
The third study compared mechanical reduction involving a special device
without anaesthesia versus manual reduction under local anaesthesia Both
methods yielded similar radiological results.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
There was insufficient evidence from
randomised controlled trials to establish the relative effectiveness of different
62
methods of closed reduction used in the treatment of displaced fractures of the
distal radius in adults.
conference proceedings –
материалы
конференций
finger trap traction –
вытяжение
пальца
кости
special device –
специальное
устройство
,
аппарат
18B
d) MRI FOR DETECTION OF ABSCESS IN ACUTE OSTEOMYELITIS
OF THE PELVIS IN CHILDREN
Susan A. Connolly, Leonard P. Connolly, Laura A. Drubach et al
American Journal of Roentgenology, 2007, Vol. 189, Issue. 4, pp. 867-872
OBJECTIVE
We analyzed our experience with MRI of pelvic acute
hematogenous
osteomyelitis (AHO) to address the following questions: What
does
MRI reveal about bone involvement? How often are fluid
collections indicative of
abscess shown?
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed the imaging
studies
and medical records from the past 5 years of 38 children ranging
in age
from 25 to 211 months who were diagnosed with pelvic
osteomyelitis using MRI.
Statistical analysis of demographic
and clinical variables was compared between
patients with an
abscess (
n
= 21) and those without (
n
= 17) who were identified
on
MRI.
RESULTS
Osteomyelitis involved metaphyseal equivalent sites
in every case (
n
=
38), with single bone involvement in 24 (63%)
and contiguous bone involvement
in the remaining 14 (37%). Fluid
collections indicative of an abscess were seen in
21 cases (55%),
and abscess drainage was performed in 10 (26%).
CONCLUSION
Childhood pelvic AHO is relatively uncommon and
produces
variable signs and symptoms that are often attributed
to another process. The
results of our study show the ability
of MRI to provide additional information that
affected patient
management in cases of pelvic abscess. We therefore advocate
the
use of MRI for any child suspected
of having pelvic AHO.
predictive of –
H
предсказывающий
H
;
H
предвещающий
abscess drainage –
дренирование
абсцесса
therefore –
поэтому
,
следовательно
advocate –
поддерживать
63
Эндокринная
система
ЗАНЯТИЕ
12
Выучите
слова
и
выражения
,
наиболее
часто
употребляемые
в
рефератах
:
1.
adverse effect
H
побочное
действие
2.
anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies
a
нтитела
к
тиреоидной
пероксидазе
3.
autoimmune thyroid diseases
аутоиммунная
болезнь
щитовидной
железы
4.
autoimmunity
H
аутоиммунная
реакция
H
(
на
аутоантигены
),
H
аутоиммунность
5.
breast cancer
рак
молочной
железы
6.
celiac disease
глютеновая
болезнь
,
глютеновая
энтеропатия
7.
curative
H
лечебный
8.
diabetes mellitus
сахарный
диабет
9.
fine-needle aspiration
аспирация
иглой
,
аспирационная
диагностическая
пункция
10.
genetic haemochromatosis
генетический
гемохроматоз
11.
gluten-free diet
безглютеновая
диета
12.
hypopituitarism
H
гипофункция
гипофиза
13.
hypophysis (
Syn.
pituitary)
гипофиз
14.
hypothyroidism
гипотиреоз
15.
induction of the antibodies
H
индуцирование
образования
антител
H
16.
radiosurgery
H
радиохирургия
H
(
применение
лучевой
терапии
в
сочетании
с
оперативным
вмешательством
)
17.
radiotherapy
H
лучевая
терапия
18.
thyroid hormones
H
гормоны
щитовидной
железы
H
,
H
тироидные
гормоны
19.
thyropathy
тиреопатия
20.
titre of antithyroid antibodies
титр
антитиреоидных
антител
64
Упражнение
1.
Переведите
предложения
на
русский
язык
,
обратите
внимание
на
перевод
выделенных
слов
.
1.
The ultrasonographic evaluation of the thyroid resulted in a pathological
score in 9 patients of the 19 examined untreated patients, suggesting the
presence of
thyropathy
.
2.
In one large study Edwards et al. (1983) observed primary
hypothyroidism
in 6.1% of cases; all subjects were male and had elevated
titres of
antithyroid antibodies
.
3.
Celiac disease
(CD) is associated with
autoimmune thyroid disease.
4.
Autoimmune and nonautoimmune thyroid diseases were investigated in
patients with
breast cancer
.
5.
Late
adverse effects
included decreased visual acuity (
H
острота
зрения
H
) and
hypopituitarism
.
6.
The objective was to evaluate
curative
effect, plasma hormone level and
main complications after
radiosurgery
in patients with
pituitary
adenomas.
7.
Fine-needle aspiration
of thyroid gland was performed in 150
breast
cancer
patients.
8.
The mean values for
anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies
were significantly
higher in breast cancer patients than in control individuals.
9.
139 were treated for recurrent or residual (
остаточный
) adenomas after
surgery or
radiotherapy
.
10.The main results of this study are the high incidence of thyroid antibodies,
and the possible role of gluten in the
induction of the antibodies.
Упражнение
2.
Прочитайте
рефераты
медицинских
статей
.
Передайте
их
содержание
на
русском
языке
по
схеме
.
a)
BREAST CANCER IN ASSOCIATION WITH THYROID DISORDERS
Orhan Turken, Yavuz Narin, Sezai Demirbas et al
Breast Cancer Report, 2003
BACKGROUND
The relationship between breast cancer and thyroid diseases is
controversial. Discrepant results have been reported in the literature.
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the incidences of autoimmune and nonautoimmune
thyroid diseases in patients with breast cancer and age-matched control individuals
without breast or thyroid disease.
METHODS
Clinical and ultrasound evaluation of thyroid gland, determination of
serum thyroid hormone and antibody levels, and fine-needle aspiration of thyroid
gland were performed in 150 breast cancer patients and 100 control individuals.
RESULTS
The mean values for anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies were
significantly higher in breast cancer patients than in control individuals. The
incidences of autoimmune and nonautoimmune thyroid diseases were higher in
65
breast cancer patients than in control individuals (38% versus 17%; 26% versus
9%, respectively).
19B
CONCLUSION
Our results indicate an increased prevalence of autoimmune and
nonautoimmune thyroid diseases in breast cancer patients.
с
ontroversial –
спорный
,
сомнительный
discrepant –
противоречивый
age-matched control individuals –
представители
контрольной
группы
,
подобранные
по
возрасту
b)
GAMMA KNIFE FOR PITUITARY ADENOMAS TREATMENT
Lin, Y. G.; Zhang, Z. Y., et al
Chinese Journal of Contemporary Neurology and Neurosurgery, 2006
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate curative effect, plasma hormone level and main
complications after gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) in patients with pituitary
adenomas.
METHODS
Among 417 patients with pituitary adenomas undergoing GKRS
procedures in our medical center from September 1995 to December 2004, 312
patients were completely followed-up (mean follow-up period was 30 months). Of
these (117 male, 195 female), 139 were treated for recurrent or residual adenomas
after surgery or radiotherapy. The clinical symptoms, tumor diameter and
endocrinal function were analyzed retrospectively.
RESULTS
In this series, complete tumor disappearance was observed in 25 cases
(8.01%), regression in 152 cases (48.72%), stability in 129 cases (41.35%) and
enlarged tumor in 6 cases (1.92%). The total tumor control rate was 98.08%
(306/312). Of the patients with functional pituitary adenomas, plasma hormone
level was normalized in 77 patients (32.91%), decreased in 102 patients (43.59%)
and without significant changes in 55 patients (23.50%) compared to the hormone
level before GKRS. Late adverse effect was noted in 5 patients with decreased
visual acuity and in 8 patients with hypopituitarism.
CONCLUSION
GKRS is a safe and effective therapy in selected patients with
pituitary adenomas.
gamma knife –
H
гамма
-
нож
safe –
безопасный