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61

METHODS

 In 30 patients with early IBP BMD was assessed using dual energy 

X-ray absorptiometry at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Further imaging performed 
included MRI of the sacroiliac joints (SIJs) and spine at baseline and X-rays of the 
SIJs at baseline and after 8 years.  

RESULTS

 After 12 months no significant reduction in hip, spine and hand BMD 

was seen at the group level. However, hip bone loss was found to be associated 
with raised baseline C-reactive protein levels, baseline MRI bone marrow oedema 
of the SIJs and the presence of radiographic sacroiliitis after 8 years. No 
association was found with change in spine and hand BMD. 

CONCLUSION

 Systemic bone loss in the hip is an early feature of the 

inflammatory disease process in patients with IBP in undifferentiated 
spondyloarthropathy. These data highlight the importance of aggressive 
intervention in the early stages of disease in undifferentiated spondyloarthropathy. 
  



undifferentiated – 

недифференцированный



highlight –  

указывать

на



aggressive intervention – 

агрессивное

вмешательство

9B

c)    CLOSED REDUCTION METHODS FOR TREATING DISTAL 

RADIAL FRACTURES IN ADULTS 

Handoll G, Madhok R 

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2003, Issue 1 

OBJECTIVES 

To examine effectiveness of different methods of closed 

reduction for displaced fractures of the distal radius in adults. 

METHODS

 We searched  the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, 

MEDLINE,  and conference proceedings. Randomised or quasi-randomised 
clinical trials were included. We also considered the use or not of anaesthesia.  

MAIN RESULTS 

Three trials involving a total of 404 adults with displaced 

fractures of the distal radius were included. 

The first trial found no statistically significant differences between mechanical 
reduction using finger trap traction and manual reduction in anatomical 
outcomes. All participants of this trial were given intravenous regional 
anaesthesia. 
The second trial compared a novel non-anaesthetised method of manual 
reduction involving counter-traction versus traditional manual reduction under 
intravenous regional anaesthesia. No differences in anatomical outcome were 
detected. 
The third study compared mechanical reduction involving a special device 
without anaesthesia versus manual reduction under local anaesthesia Both 
methods yielded similar radiological results.  

AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS 

There was insufficient evidence from 

randomised controlled trials to establish the relative effectiveness of different 

62

methods of closed reduction used in the treatment of displaced fractures of the 
distal radius in adults. 



conference proceedings – 

материалы

конференций



finger trap traction –  

вытяжение

пальца

кости



special device – 

специальное

устройство

, 

аппарат

18B

d) MRI FOR DETECTION OF ABSCESS IN ACUTE OSTEOMYELITIS 

OF THE PELVIS IN CHILDREN 

Susan A. Connolly, Leonard P. Connolly, Laura A. Drubach et al 

American Journal of Roentgenology, 2007, Vol. 189, Issue. 4, pp. 867-872  

OBJECTIVE

 We analyzed our experience with MRI of pelvic acute 

hematogenous

osteomyelitis (AHO) to address the following questions: What

does 

MRI reveal about bone involvement? How often are fluid

collections indicative of 

abscess shown?  

MATERIALS AND METHODS

 We retrospectively reviewed the imaging 

studies

and medical records from the past 5 years of 38 children ranging

in age 

from 25 to 211 months who were diagnosed with pelvic

osteomyelitis using MRI. 

Statistical analysis of demographic

and clinical variables was compared between 

patients with an

abscess (

n

 = 21) and those without (

n

 = 17) who were identified

on 

MRI.

RESULTS

 Osteomyelitis involved metaphyseal equivalent sites

in every case (

n

 = 

38), with single bone involvement in 24 (63%)

and contiguous bone involvement 

in the remaining 14 (37%). Fluid

collections indicative of an abscess were seen in 

21 cases (55%),

and abscess drainage was performed in 10 (26%).  

CONCLUSION

 Childhood pelvic AHO is relatively uncommon and

produces 

variable signs and symptoms that are often attributed

to another process. The 

results of our study show the ability

of MRI to provide additional information that 

affected patient

management in cases of pelvic abscess. We therefore advocate

the 

use of MRI for any child suspected

of having pelvic AHO. 



predictive of – 

H

предсказывающий

H

; 

H

предвещающий



abscess drainage – 

дренирование

абсцесса



therefore – 

поэтому

, 

следовательно



advocate –  

поддерживать

63

Эндокринная

система

ЗАНЯТИЕ

12 

Выучите

слова

и

выражения

, 

наиболее

часто

употребляемые

в

рефератах

: 

1.

adverse effect 

H

побочное

действие

2.

anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies  

a

нтитела

к

тиреоидной

пероксидазе

3.

autoimmune thyroid diseases 

аутоиммунная

болезнь

щитовидной

железы

4.

autoimmunity 

H

аутоиммунная

реакция

H

 (

на

аутоантигены

), 

H

аутоиммунность

5.

breast cancer 

рак

молочной

железы

6.

celiac disease 

глютеновая

болезнь

, 

глютеновая

энтеропатия

7.

curative  

H

лечебный

8.

diabetes mellitus 

сахарный

диабет

9.

fine-needle aspiration 

аспирация

иглой

, 

аспирационная

диагностическая

пункция

10.

genetic haemochromatosis 

генетический

гемохроматоз

11.

gluten-free diet 

безглютеновая

диета

12.

hypopituitarism  

H

гипофункция

гипофиза

13.

hypophysis (

Syn.

 pituitary) 

гипофиз

14.

hypothyroidism 

гипотиреоз

15.

induction of the antibodies 

H

индуцирование

образования

антител

H

16.

radiosurgery 

H

радиохирургия

H

  (

применение

лучевой

терапии

в

сочетании

с

оперативным

вмешательством

) 

17.

radiotherapy 

H

лучевая

терапия

18.

thyroid hormones 

H

гормоны

щитовидной

железы

H

, 

H

тироидные

гормоны

19.

thyropathy 

тиреопатия

20.

titre of antithyroid antibodies 

титр

антитиреоидных

антител

64

Упражнение

 1. 

Переведите

предложения

на

русский

язык

, 

обратите

внимание

на

перевод

выделенных

слов

. 

1.

The ultrasonographic evaluation of the thyroid resulted in a pathological 

score in 9 patients of the 19 examined untreated patients, suggesting the 
presence of 

thyropathy

. 

2.

In one large study Edwards et al. (1983) observed primary 

hypothyroidism

in 6.1% of cases; all subjects were male and had elevated 

titres of 

antithyroid antibodies

. 

3.

Celiac disease 

(CD) is associated with 

autoimmune thyroid disease. 

4.

Autoimmune and nonautoimmune thyroid diseases were investigated in 

patients with 

breast cancer

. 

5.

Late 

adverse effects 

included decreased visual acuity (

H

острота

зрения

H

) and 

hypopituitarism

.  

6.

The objective was  to evaluate 

curative

 effect, plasma hormone level and 

main complications after 

radiosurgery

 in patients with 

pituitary

 adenomas. 

7.

Fine-needle aspiration

 of thyroid gland was performed in 150 

breast 

cancer

 patients. 

8.

The mean values for 

anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies

 were significantly 

higher in breast cancer patients than in control individuals. 

9.

139 were treated for recurrent or residual (

остаточный

) adenomas after 

surgery or 

radiotherapy

. 

10.The main results of this study are the high incidence of thyroid antibodies, 

and the possible role of gluten in the 

induction of the antibodies.

Упражнение

 2. 

Прочитайте

рефераты

медицинских

статей

. 

Передайте

их

содержание

на

русском

языке

по

схеме

.

a)

BREAST CANCER IN ASSOCIATION WITH THYROID DISORDERS

Orhan Turken, Yavuz Narin, Sezai Demirbas et al 

Breast Cancer Report, 2003 

BACKGROUND

 The relationship between breast cancer and thyroid diseases is 

controversial. Discrepant results have been reported in the literature.  

OBJECTIVES

 To investigate the incidences of autoimmune and nonautoimmune 

thyroid diseases in patients with breast cancer and age-matched control individuals 
without breast or thyroid disease. 

METHODS 

Clinical and ultrasound evaluation of thyroid gland, determination of 

serum thyroid hormone and antibody levels, and fine-needle aspiration of thyroid 
gland were performed in 150 breast cancer patients and 100 control individuals. 

RESULTS 

The mean values for anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies were 

significantly higher in breast cancer patients than in control individuals. The 
incidences of autoimmune and nonautoimmune thyroid diseases were higher in 

65

breast cancer patients than in control individuals (38% versus 17%; 26% versus 
9%, respectively). 

19B

CONCLUSION 

Our results indicate an increased prevalence of autoimmune and 

nonautoimmune thyroid diseases in breast cancer patients. 



с

ontroversial –  

спорный

, 

сомнительный



discrepant – 

противоречивый



age-matched control individuals – 

представители

контрольной

группы

, 

подобранные

по

возрасту

b)

GAMMA KNIFE FOR PITUITARY ADENOMAS TREATMENT 

Lin, Y. G.; Zhang, Z. Y., et al 

Chinese Journal of Contemporary Neurology and Neurosurgery, 2006 

OBJECTIVE

 To evaluate curative effect, plasma hormone level and main 

complications after gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) in patients with pituitary 
adenomas. 

METHODS

 Among 417 patients with pituitary adenomas undergoing GKRS 

procedures in our medical center from September 1995 to December 2004, 312 
patients were completely followed-up (mean follow-up period was 30 months).  Of 
these (117 male, 195 female), 139 were treated for recurrent or residual adenomas 
after surgery or radiotherapy. The clinical symptoms, tumor diameter and 
endocrinal function were analyzed retrospectively.  

RESULTS

 In this series, complete tumor disappearance was observed in 25 cases 

(8.01%), regression in 152 cases (48.72%), stability in 129 cases (41.35%) and 
enlarged tumor in 6 cases (1.92%). The total tumor control rate was 98.08% 
(306/312). Of the patients with functional pituitary adenomas, plasma hormone 
level was normalized in 77 patients (32.91%), decreased in 102 patients (43.59%) 
and without significant changes in 55 patients (23.50%) compared to the hormone 
level before GKRS. Late adverse effect was noted in 5 patients with decreased 
visual acuity and in 8 patients with hypopituitarism.  

CONCLUSION

 GKRS is a safe and effective therapy in selected patients with 

pituitary adenomas. 
 



gamma knife – 

H

гамма

-

нож



safe –  

безопасный