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66
II. Read and translate the text.
SIGHTSEEING IN BELARUS
You can start your
Sightseeing
in Belarus
right from the capital city
Minsk.
It is a
beautiful city, which has been restored after
the World War II. It is one of the most
frequented Tourist Destinations in Belarus.
A cultural tour of Minsk will take you to
various museums of the city, the Botanical
Garden, the National Library of Belarus.
National Library of Belarus
Being the main cultural and information
center of the country, the National Library of
Belarus is visited by more than 2,200 people
daily. The library houses the third largest
collection of books after the Russian State
Library and the National Library in St.
Petersburg. It is located in a modern 72-metre
high building, has 22 floors and provides
more than 2,000 seats for the readers including 500-seat conference hall. It
now functions successfully both as library and city attraction. The country
also has several medieval castles and baroque churches that are real treat
for the eyes.
Mir Castle
The Mir Castle is an excellent
example of a central European
castle. Its construction began at the
end of the 15th century in Gothic
architectural style and was finished
in the early 16th century by Duke
Ilinich in Renaissance style. The
whole building is square-planned
with four towers at the corners, intended for heavy cannon shooting from
them and walls with two rows of loop-holes. All of the towers have their
unique decoration which increases the decorative value of the castle.
67
Gomel Palace and Park
Gomel Palace and Park Ensemble is
an old large noble estate decorated by
the
park
and
located
on
the
picturesque bank of the Sozh River in
the south of Belarus in Gomel City. It
is included into the State List of the
Historical Cultural Values protected
by the State. Beyond any doubt, the
park of the Gomel Palace and Park Ensemble is one of the major
attractions of the Belarusian land. It was established in the late 18th and
mid-19th century by noble military commanders of the Russian Empire:
the Rumyantsevs and the Paskeviches. They brought different types of
exotic trees and plants among which: elms, maples, ash trees, ginkgo
biloba, red oak and English oak comb. Nowadays there are more than
6,000 trees of over 40 species in the park which cannot be seen anywhere
else in Belarus.
Brest Fortress
is a 19th century Russian
fortress in Brest, Belarus. It is one of the
most important Soviet World War II war
monuments commemorating the Soviet
resistance against the German invasion
on June 22, 1941. Following the war, in
1965 the title Hero-Fortress was given to
the Fortress to commemorate the heroic
defence of the frontier stronghold during the very first weeks of the
German-Soviet War. Today it is a symbol of the heroism and the fearless
spirit of people of Belarus.
Nesvizh Castle and Church
Regarded by many to be one of the most
marvelous places in Belarus, the Nesvizh
Castle is a basic tourist destination and most
popular attraction in the city. It consists of 10
separate astounding buildings that compose
the entire castle complex. Although it was
built in the 13th century, the castle reached the
highest level of its grandeur in the 16th century, when it became the home
of the notorious Radzivil family. The most important structure in Nesvizh
68
is the Corpus Christi Church (1587 to 1603), connected with the castle by
a dam over a ditch and containing coffins of 72 members of the Radziwil
family. Combining beautiful gardens and diverse architecture, the Nesvizh
Castle has become one of the most spectacular places to visit in Belarus.
Lida Castle
Lida Castle was one of several citadels erected by
Grand Duke Gediminas of Lithuania in the early 14th
century to defend his lands against the expansion of the
Teutonic Knights. A unique medieval fortress, Lida
Castle is a great work of architecture built on sand. It is
said that a castle, even a house cannot be built over an
unsteady base like sand. Surprisingly, despite its
unstable foundation the castle has been standing for
seven centuries. The castle has been protecting the old
city from the invasion of Tartars and several enemy
attacks over the centuries.
Text vocabulary
ash tree
ясень
astounding
поразительный, удивительный
cannon shooting
стрельба из пушек
coffin
гроб
Corpus Christi Church
Храм Тела Господня
dam
водоем
со
стоячей
водой,
ограниченный плотиной; запруда
ditch
ров
Duke Ilinich
князь
Ильинич
elms
вяз
English oak comb
дуб черешчатый
fearless spirit
бесстрашный дух
frontier stronghold
пограничная крепость
Grand Duke Gediminas
Великий
князь
Литовский
Гедимин
grandeur
величие
loop-holes
бойницы
maple
клен
marvelous
изумительный,
великолепный
69
medieval
средневековый
military commanders
военачальники, полководцы
noble estate
дворянское сословие, дворянство
notorious
пресловутый, известный
red oak
красный дуб
Teutonic Knights
рыцари-тевтонцы
to commemorate
увековечивать память
tower
башня
III. Answer the questions.
1)
What city can you start your sightseeing in Belarus from?
2)
Why is Minsk one of the most frequented tourist destinations in
Belarus?
3)
What is the National Library of Belarus famous for?
4)
Are there any beautiful medieval castles and baroque churches in
Belarus?
5)
How old is the Mir Castle?
6)
What was it primarily intended for?
7)
Where is Gomel Palace and Park Ensemble located?
8)
What exotic trees and plants does Gomel Park Ensemble include?
9)
When was the title Hero-Fortress given to the Brest Fortress? Why?
10)
When did the Nesvizh Castle reach the highest level of its
grandeur?
11)
What noble family did it belong to?
12)
What is the most important structure in Nesvizh?
13)
Who was Lida Castle erected by? Why?
14)
Why is Lida Castle a great work of architecture?
15)
Do you know any other tourist attractions in Belarus?
16)
What tourist attractions of Belarus have you visited?
17)
Which of them did you like best?
70
IV. Insert the missing words from the table and speak about
Belavezhskaya Pushcha National Park.
Belaya Vezha
species
regions
Kamenets
Biosphere
Reserve
remarkable
hectares
the auroch
Belavezhskaya Pushcha National Park
Belavezhskaya Pushcha National Park is situated in the
west of the republic within Grodno and Brest 1)
______. It occupies the territory of about 90, 000 2)
______. It is placed on the United Nations World's
Heritage list. Belavezhskaya Pushcha is a National
Park, a 3) ______ and a Europe's last surviving
primeval forest. It has preserved its prehistoric nature
with relic plants and animals. 20 kms from
Belavezhskaya Pushcha the town of 4) ______ is located. It was founded
by Prince Vladimir Volynski in the 13th century. A watch-tower 5)
_______ rises above there and the name of Belavezhskaya Pushcha comes
probably from this name.
The flora and fauna of the Belavezha Forest
Reserve is 6) _______ because of the great
number of various types of plants and animals.
Experts registered here more than 1000 oaks aged
300-700 years, 450-year-old ash-trees, 220-year-
old
pine-trees,
150-year-old
junipers
(можжевельник). You can also find here white firs (белая пихта), various
types of spruce (канадская ель), pines, hornbeams (граб).
The
fauna
of
the
pushcha numbers more
than 10 thousand 7)
_______. More than
59 species of mammals
dwell here including
the
biggest
representative of the
modern European fauna
8) _______. Rodents
(грызуны) are the most
numerous, there are
more than 20 species of
them.
The
most
remarkable among them is beaver (бобр). Wolf, fox, lynx (рысь), pine
marten (куница) dwell in the pushcha.