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NAV 46/WP.3 

ANNEX  

Page 21 

General emergency alarm  A sound signal of seven short blasts and one prolonged blast given with 

the vessel´s sound system 

 
GMDSS   

Global Maritime Distress and Safety System 

 
(D) GPS   

(Differential)Global (satellite) Positioning System 

 
Hampered vessel   

A vessel restricted by her ability to manoeuvre by the nature of her work 
or her deep draft 

 
Hatchrails   

Ropes supported by stanchions around an open hatch to prevent persons 
from falling into a hold 

Heading 

     The horizontal direction the vessel's bows at a given moment measured in 

      degrees clockwise from north 

 
Hoist   

here: A cable used by helicopters for lifting or lowering persons in a pick-
up operation 

 
Icing   

Coating of ice on an object, e.g. the mast or superstructure of a vessel 

 
IMO-Class  

Group of dangerous or hazardous goods, harmful substances or marine 
pollutants in sea transport as classified in the International Maritime 
Dangerous   Goods Code (IMDG Code) 

Inert (to) 

To reduce the oxygen in an oil tank by inert gas to avoid an explosive 
atmosphere 

 
Initial course   

Course directed by the OSC or other authorized person to be steered at the 
beginning of a search 

 
Inoperative  

Not functioning 

 
Jettison (to) (of cargo)   

Throwing overboard of goods in order to lighten the vessel or improve its 
stability in case of an emergency 

 
Launch (to) 

To lower, e.g. lifeboats to the water 

 
Leaking 

Escape of liquids such as water, oil, etc., out of pipes, boilers, tanks, etc., 
or a minor inflow of seawater into the vessel due to  damage to the hull 

 
Leeward   

The general direction to which the wind blows; opposite of windward 

 
Leeway 

The angular effect on the vessel's course caused by the prevailing wind 

 
Let go (to)   

To set free, let loose, or cast off (of anchors, lines, etc.) 

 
Lifeboat station 

Place assigned to crew and passengers where they must gather before 
being ordered into the lifeboats 

 
List 

here: Inclination of the vessel to port side or starboard side 

 
Located 

In navigational warnings: Position of object confirmed 

NAV 46/WP.3 
ANNEX  
Page 22 

 
Make water (to)   

Seawater flowing into the vessel due to hull damage, or hatches awash 
and not properly closed 

 
MMSI   

Maritime Mobile Service Identity number 

 
Moor (to)   

To secure a vessel in a particular place by means of wires or ropes made 
fast to the shore, to anchors, or to anchored mooring buoys, or to ride with 
both anchors down 

 
MRCC  

Maritime Rescue Co-ordination Centre: Land-based authority responsible 

for promoting efficient organization of maritime search and rescue and for 

co-ordinating the conduct of search and rescue operations within a search 

and rescue region 

 
Muster (to)  

To assemble crew, passengers or both in a special place for purposes of 
checking 

 
Muster list   

List of crew, passengers and all on board and their functions in a distress or drill 

 
Not under command    

(abbr. NUC) A vessel which through exceptional circumstances is unable 
to manoeuvre as required by the COLREGs 

 
Obstruction 

An object such as a wreck, net, etc., which blocks a fairway, route, etc. 

 
Off air   

When the transmissions of a radio station  etc., have broken down, been 
switched off or suspended 

 
Off station (of buoys)   

Not in charted position  

 
Oil clearance   

Oil skimming from the surface of the water 

 
Operational 

Ready for immediate use 

 
Ordnance exercise   

Naval firing practice 

 
OSC   

On-Scene Co-ordinator: A person designed to co-ordinate search and 
rescue operations within a specified area 

 
Overflow   

Accidental escape of oil from a tank which is  full because pumping was 
not stopped in time 

 
Polluter 

A vessel emitting harmful substances into the air or spilling oil into the sea 

 
Preventers   

Ropes or wires  attached to derricks to prevent them from swinging  
during cargo handling operations 

 
Proceed (to)   

To sail or head for a certain position or to continue with the voyage 

 
PA-system  

Public address system: Loudspeakers in the vessel's cabins, mess rooms, 
etc., and on deck through which important information can be broadcast 
from a central point, mostly from the navigation bridge 

NAV 46/WP.3 

ANNEX  

Page 23 

Recover (to)   

Here: To pick up shipwrecked persons 

 
Refloat (to)  

To pull a vessel off after grounding; to set afloat again 

 
Rendez-vous   

An appointment between vessels normally made on radio to meet in a 
certain area or position 

 
Reported   

in navigational warnings: Position of object unconfirmed 

 
Restricted area     

A deck, space, area, etc., in vessels, where for safety reasons, entry is only 
permitted for authorized crew members 

 
Resume (to)   

here: To re-start a voyage, service or search 

 
Retreat signal   

Sound, visual or other signal to a team ordering it to return to its base 

 
Rig move   

The movement of an oil rig, drilling platform, etc., from one position to 
another 

 
Roll call   

The act of checking who of the passengers and crew members are present, 
e.g. at assembly stations, by reading aloud a list of their names 

 
Safe speed   

That speed of a vessel allowing the maximum possible time for effective 
action to be taken to avoid a collision and to be stopped within an 
appropriate distance 

 
Safety load  

The maximum permissible load of a deck, etc. 

 
Safe working pressure   

The maximum permissible pressure in cargo hoses 

 
SAR   

Search and Rescue 

 
Scene   

The area or location where the event, e.g. an accident has happened 

 
Search pattern   

A pattern according to which vessels and/or aircraft may conduct a  
co-ordinated search (the IMOSAR offers seven search patterns) 

 
Search speed   

The speed of searching vessels directed by the OSC  

 
Seemark   

An elevated object on land or sea serving as a guide ….. 

 
Segregation(of goods)   

Separation of goods which for different reasons must not be stowed 
together 

Shackle 

Standard length (15 fathoms) of an anchor cable 

 
Shifting cargo   

Transverse movement of cargo, especially bulk, caused by rolling or a 
heavy list 

 
Slings   

Ropes, nets, and any other means for handling general cargoes 

 
Speed of advance   

The speed at which a storm centre moves 

NAV 46/WP.3 
ANNEX  
Page 24 

Spill (to)   

The accidental escape of  oil, etc., from a vessel, container, etc., into the 
sea 

 
Spill control gear   

Special equipment for fighting accidental oil spills at early stages 

 
Spreader   

here: Step of a pilot ladder which prevents the ladder from twisting 

 
Stand by (to)   

To be in readiness or prepared to execute an order; to be readily available 

 
Stand clear (to)  

here: To keep a boat away from the vessel 

 
Standing orders 

Orders of the Master to the officer of the watch which s/he must comply with 

 
Stand on (to)   

To maintain course and speed 

 
Station  

The allotted place or the duties of each person on board 

 
Stripping   

Draining tanks of the remaining cargo, water, etc. 

  
Survivor   

A person who continues to live in spite of being in an extremely 
dangerous situation, e.g. a shipping disaster. 

 
Take off (to)   

A helicopter lifts off from a vessel's deck 

 
Target   

The echo generated e.g. by a vessel on a radar screen 

 
Tension winch  

A winch which applies tension to mooring lines to keep them tight 

 
TEU   

Twenty Foot Equivalent Unit (standard container dimension) 

 
Track   

The path followed, or to be followed, between one position and another 

 
Transit  

here: The passage of a vessel through a canal, fairway, etc. 

 
Transit speed   

Speed of a vessel required for the passage through a canal, fairway, etc. 

 
Transshipment (of cargo)  here: The transfer of goods from one vessel to another outside harbours 
 
Underway   

A vessel which is not at anchor, or made fast to the shore, or aground 

 
Union purchase 

A common method of cargo handling by combining two derricks, one of 
which is fixed over the quay, the other over the hatchway 

 
Unlit   

When the light characteristics of a buoy or a lighthouse are inoperative 

 
UTC   

Universal Time Co-ordinated (ex GMT) 

 
Variable (of winds) 

When a wind is permanently changing the direction from which it blows 

 
Veering (of winds)  

Shifting of wind direction in a manner, in time; opposite of backing 

 
Veer out (to)(of anchors)  To let out a greater length of cable 
 

NAV 46/WP.3 

ANNEX  

Page 25 

VHF   

Very High Frequency (30 - 300 MHz)   

 
Walk out (to) (of anchors)  To reverse the action of a windlass so as to ease the cable 
 
Way point   

A position a vessel has to pass or at which she has to alter course 
according to her voyage plan 

 
Windward   

The general direction from which the wind blows; opposite of leeward 

 
Wreck   

A vessel which has been destroyed or sunk or abandoned at sea 

2 

VTS special terms 

Fairway 

Navigable part of a waterway 

 
Fairway speed   

Mandatory speed in a fairway

ITZ 

Inshore Traffic Zone (of a TSS): A routing measure comprising a 
designated area between the landward boundary of a TSS and the adjacent 
coast

Manoeuvring speed 

A vessel’s reduced rate of speed in restricted waters such as fairways or 
harbours 

 
Receiving point 

A mark or place at which a vessel comes under obligatory entry, transit, or 
escort procedure 

Reference line   

A fictive line displayed on the radar screens in VTS Centres and/or 
electronic sea-charts separating the fairway for inbound and outbound 
vessels so that they can safely pass each other

Reporting point 

A mark or position at which a vessel is required to report to the local 
VTS-Station to establish its position 

 
Separation zone / line   

A zone or line separating the traffic lanes in which vessels are proceeding 
in opposite or nearly opposite directions; or separating a traffic lane from 
the  adjacent sea area; or separating traffic lanes designated for particular 
classes  of vessels proceeding in the same direction 

 
Traffic clearance   

VTS authorization for a vessel to proceed under conditions specified 

 
Traffic lane 

An area within defined limits in which one-way traffic is established 

 
TSS 

Traffic Separation Scheme: A routing measure aimed at the separation of 
opposing streams of traffic by appropriate means and by the establishment 
of   traffic lanes 

VTS   

Vessel Traffic Services: Services, designed to improve safety and 
efficiency  of vessel traffic and to protect the environment 

 
VTS-area   

Area controlled by a VTS-Centre or VTS-Station