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Ref. p. 187]	4.1 Frequency conversion in crystals	161

Table 4.1.11. Fifth harmonic (1.064 → 0.2128 µm) and sixth harmonic generation (1.064 → 0.1774 µm) of Nd:YAG laser radiation.

Crystal	θpm	Type of	Crystal	Output	τp	Ref.
	[deg]	interaction	temperature	parameters	[ns]
			[◦ C]

KDP	90	ooe a	−70
KDP	90	ooe	−35
KDP	90	ooe	−40
KDP	84	ooe b	20
ADP	90	ooe	−40
ADP	90	ooe c	−67.5
KB5	53 ± 1(ϕ)	eeo	20
KB5	53 ± 1(ϕ)	eeo	20
KB5	52.1(ϕ)	eeo	20
Urea	72	eeo	20
BBO	55	ooe	20
CLBO	–	ooe	20
CLBO	67.3	ooe	20
Li2B4O7	80	ooe	20
KB5 d	90(θ), 68.5(ϕ)	eeo	20
KB5 d	80(θ), 90(ϕ)	ooe	20

E = 0.1 mJ	–	[69Akm]
Pav = 2.6 mW,	30	[78Mas]
f = 120 kHz
Pav = 2 mW,	30	[79Jon]
f = 6 kHz
E = 0.45 mJ	0.015	[88Gar, 89Aru]
Pav = 5 . . . 7 mW,	10	[76Mas1]
f = 10 Hz
E = 20 J	0.5	[88Beg]
E = 0.7 mJ	6	[76Kat1]
E = 0.1 mJ	0.02	[82Tan]
E = 0.3 mJ	0.03	[80Aru]
E = 30 mJ	10	[80Kat1]
E = 20 mJ	5	[86Che, 88Lag]
E = 35 mJ	10	[95Mor1]
E = 230 mJ	7	[96Yap]
E = 70 mJ	10	[97Kom]
Pav = 6 mW	6	[96Ume]
	6	[96Ume]

a Neodymium silicate glass laser. b Nd:YAlO3 laser.

c Nd:YLF laser.

d Sixth harmonic generation, ω + 5 ω = 6 ω .

Table 4.1.12. Generation of harmonics of Nd:YAG laser radiation with λ = 1.318 µm.

Number	λ	Crystal	θooe	L	τp	Output	Energy	Ref.
of	[nm]		[deg]	[mm]	[ns]	parameters	conversion
harmonic							e ciency
							[%]

2	659.4	LiNbO3	44.67	16	40	85 kW	10	[81Akm]
3	439.6	KDP	42.05	30	40	3.4 kW	0.4	[81Akm]
4	329.7	KDP	53.47	30	40	6 kW	0.6	[81Akm]
5 a	263.8	KDP	55.33	30	30	0.2 kW	0.02	[81Akm]
6 b	219.3	KB5	78 (eeo)	15	45	3 kW	0.5	[87Aru]
2	659.4	DCDA	70.38	13.5	25	1.4 MW	40	[76Kat2]
2 c	659.4	LiIO3	22	10	30	1 W (av.)	100	[81Kaz]
2	659.4	LiNbO3	90 (T = 300 ◦ C)	19	50	60 mJ	48	[83Kaz]
2	659.4	LiNbO3	90	20	50	10 mJ	21	[83Kaz]
2 c , d	659	LBO	ϕ = 3.7	–	2	0.3 W (av.)	–	[94Lin]
2 d	659	LBO	along Z axis	16	76	0.85 mJ	40	[95Mor2]
3	439.6	KDP	42.05 (T = 300 ◦ C) 40		50	1.4 mJ	3	[83Kaz]
3	439.6	LiIO3	–	8	50	1.4 mJ	1.2	[83Kaz]

a ω + 4 ω = 5 ω . b 3 ω + 3 ω = 6 ω .

c Intracavity SHG. d Nd:YLF laser.

Landolt-B¨ornstein

New Series VIII/1A1

B¨ornstein-Landolt

VIII/1A1 Series New

Table 4.1.13. Generation of harmonics of high-power Nd:glass laser radiation in KDP crystals.

Fundamental radiation			Second harmonic					Third and fourth harmonics					Ref.

λ	I0 [109	τp	λ	Type of	η	Crystal	E [J]	λ	Type of	η	Crystal	E
[µm]	W cm−2]	[ns]	[µm]	inter-	[%]	length		[µm]	inter-	[%]	length	[J]
				action		[mm]			action		[mm]

1.054	2.5	0.14	0.53	eoe a	67	12	9	0.35	eoe	80	12	11	[80Sek]
1.054	3.5	0.7	0.53	eoe	67	12	25	0.35	eoe	80	12	30	[80Sek]
1.064	2.5	0.1	0.532	eoe	67	8	17	0.266	ooe	30	7	4	[80Lot]
1.064	9.5	0.7	0.532	ooe	83	10	346						[82Lin]
1.064	2.0	0.7	0.532	eoe	67	12	–	0.355	eoe	55	10	41	[82Lin]
1.064	1.2	0.7	0.532	ooe	–	10	–	0.266	ooe	51	10	50	[82Lin]
1.06	0.2	25	0.53	ooe	80	40	60						[82Ibr]
1.06	2.7	0.5	0.53	ooe	90	30	20						[83Gul]
1.06	2.7	0.5	0.53	eoe a	67	18	–	0.35	eoe	81	18	10 . . . 20 [83Gul]
1.053	1.5	0.6	0.53	eoe	70	16	80	0.26	ooe	46	7	53	[85Bru]
1.054	5	0.5	0.53	eoe	87	17.5	–	0.264	ooe	92 b	10	–	[88Beg]

a The angle between the polarization vector of the fundamental radiation and o-ray is 35 ◦ . b Conversion e ciency from 0.527 µm.

Table 4.1.14. Generation of harmonics of iodine laser radiation: λ = 1.315 µm (τp = 1 ns) [80Fil, 81Wit, 83Fil, 83Bre].

	SHG			THG		FOHG	FIHG	SIHG
	ω + ω = 2 ω			ω + 2 ω = 3 ω		2 ω + 2 ω = 4 ω 2 ω + 3 ω = 5 ω 3 ω + 3 ω = 6 ω

Wavelength [nm]	657.6			438.4		328.8	263.0	219.2
Crystal	DKDP	KDP	KDP	DKDP	KDP	KDP	KDP	KB5

Crystal length [mm]	19	20	10	20	10	40	–	10
Type of interaction	eoe	eoe	ooe	eoe a	ooe	ooe	ooe	eeo
θpm [deg]	51.3	61.4	44.3	48	42.2	53.6	74	80.5 (ϕpm)
Conversion e ciency [%] at
I0 = (1 . . . 1.5) × 109 W cm−2	30	16	12	30	6	15	–	–
I0 = 3 × 109 W cm−2	70	–	–	50	–	30	9	3

187 .p .[Ref sixth) and ﬁfth, fourth, third, (second, generation Harmonic 4.1.4 162

Ref. p. 187]	4.1 Frequency conversion in crystals	163

Table 4.1.15. Second harmonic generation of ruby laser radiation (694.3 → 347.1 nm).

Crystal	Type of	θpm	I0	L	Power	Ref.	Notes
	inter-	[deg]	[W cm−2]	[cm]	conversion
	action				e ciency
					[%]

RDA	ooe	80.3 (90)	1.5 × 108	1.45	58	[74Kat3]	T = 20 ◦ C (90 ◦ C),
			1.8 × 108				L ∆ θ = 4.37 mrad cm
RDP	ooe	67	1.8 × 108	1.0	37	[74Kat4]	T = 20 ◦ C,
			1.3 × 108				L ∆ θ = 2.4 mrad cm
LiIO3	ooe	52	1.3 × 108	1.1	40	[70Nat]	L ∆ θ = 0.2 mrad cm

Table 4.1.16. Harmonic generation of Ti:sapphire (Ti:Al2O3) laser radiation.

(a) Second harmonic generation.

Crystal	λ2 ω	τ	θpm		L [mm]	Output	η		Ref.	Notes
	[nm]		[deg]			power	[%]
						P2 ω
						[mW]

KDP	390	150 fs	43		3 . . . 40	300	50		[95Kry]
LiIO3	360 . . . 425	1.5 ps	43		10	700	50		[91Neb]
BBO	360 . . . 425	1.5 ps	30		8	450	27	(5.2 a)	[91Neb]
BBO	430	54 fs	27.5		0.055	230	75	(5.2 a)	[92Ell]	ICSHG
BBO	383 . . . 407	–	ooe		5	170	7.4 a		[93Poi]	ICSHG
BBO	425	16 fs	28		0.1 . . . 1	40	–		[95Ash]
BBO	438	10 fs	26.7; ooe		0.04	3.6	1		[98Ste]
BBO	400	150 fs	ooe		0.5	150	38		[98Zha]
LBO	400	150 fs	–		3	130	32		[98Zha]
LBO	350 . . . 450	12 . . . 25 ns	90	(θ), 22 . . . 40 (ϕ)	5	25 mJ	30		[91Skr]
LBO	360 . . . 425	1.5 ps	90	(θ), 32 (ϕ)	8	350	20		[91Neb]
LBO	410	cw	90	(θ), 31.8 (ϕ)	10.7	410	21.6		[93Bou]	ERR
LBO	416	14 fs	90	(θ), 29 (ϕ)	0.1	30	–		[94Bac]	ICSHG
LBO	400	1.5 ps	type I		10	1280	75		[94Wat]	ERR
LBO	398	cw	90	(θ), 31.7 (ϕ)	8	650	70		[95Zho,	ICSHG
								(2 a)	96Zho]
KNbO3 430 . . . 470		35 ns	along a axis		7.9	7.8 kW	45	(2 a)	[90Wu]	ICSHG
KNbO3	430	cw	–		6	650	48		[91Pol]	ERR

a Total conversion e ciency from the pump source.

(b) Third harmonic generation: ω + 2 ω = 3 ω .

Crystal	λ3 ω	τ	θpm	L	Output	η	Ref.	Notes
	[nm]		[deg]	[mm]	power	[%]
					P3 ω [mW]

BBO	240 . . . 285	1.8 ps	50, ooe	6.5 . . . 12 150		30	[91Neb, 92Neb]	f = 82 MHz
LBO	266 . . . 283	1 ps	90 (θ), 70 (ϕ)	7	35	10	[91Neb]	f = 82 MHz
BBO	252 . . . 267	180 fs	58, eoe	0.3	18	6	[93Rin]	f = 1 kHz

Landolt-B¨ornstein

New Series VIII/1A1

164	4.1.4 Harmonic generation (second, third, fourth, ﬁfth, and sixth)							[Ref. p. 187

(c) Fourth harmonic generation.

Crystal	λ4 ω	τ	θpm	L	Output	η	Ref.	Notes
	[nm]		[deg]	[mm]	power	[%]
					P4 ω [mW]

BBO a	205 . . . 213	1 ps	ooe	8	10	4	[91Neb]	f = 82 MHz
BBO b	193 . . . 210	1 . . . 2 ps	75, ooe	6.9	10	4	[92Neb]	f = 82 MHz
BBO b	193 . . . 210	165 fs	65, ooe	0.1	6	3	[98Rot]	f = 82 MHz
BBO b	193 . . . 210	340 fs	65, ooe	0.3	15	–	[98Rot]	f = 82 MHz
BBO b	189 . . . 200	180 fs	71, ooe	0.1	4	1	[93Rin]	NC, f = 1 kHz
BBO b	186	10 ns	81 (θ), 30 (ϕ), ooe	5	0.008	–	[99Kou]	T = 91 K

a 2 ω + 2 ω = 4 ω . b ω + 3 ω = 4 ω .

Table 4.1.17. Second harmonic generation of semiconductor laser radiation in KNbO3.

λ ω	Phase-matching	L	P2 ω	η	Ref.	Notes
[nm]	conditions	[mm]	[mW]	[%]

842	T = −23 ◦ C	5	24	14	[89Gol]	external resonator
865	along a axis	5	0.215	1.7	[89Dix]	External Ring Resonator (ERR)
842	along a axis	5	6.7	0.57	[90Hem]	ERR, cw
856	along a axis, T = 15 ◦ C	7	41	39	[90Koz]	external resonator
972	along b axis	5	1.2	4.8	[92Zim]	distributed Bragg reﬂection semi-
						conductor laser
858	–	12.4	62	1.1	[93Gol]
858	–	12.4	80	–	[95Gol]	THG in LBO, 90 (θ), 31.8 (ϕ);
						15 mm, λ = 286 nm, 0.05 mW
972	along b axis	6.5	156	–	[95Zim]	ERR, FOHG in BBO (14 mm) in
						ERR, λ = 243 nm, 2.1 mW
860	along a axis	10	50	60	[97Lod]
858	along a axis	10	90	–	[98Mat]	FOHG in BBO (θ = 71 ◦ ):

λ = 214.5 nm, 0.1 mW

Table 4.1.18. Second harmonic generation of dye laser radiation.

Crystal	λ 2 ω	Parameters of output radiation	Ref.	Notes
	[nm]	(energy, power, pulse duration);
		conversion e ciency

KDP	267.5–310	0.1 kW (peak), η = 1 %	[76Str]
KDP	280–310	50 mJ	[77Hir]
KDP	280	90 mW, η = 10 %	[95Nie]	L = 55 mm, external cavity
ADP	280–310	50 mJ, η = 8.4 %	[77Hir]
ADP a	290–315	up to 1 mW, η = 0.03 %	[72Gab]
ADP a	250–260	120 µW	[80Web]	θooe = 90 ◦ , T = 200 . . . 280 K
ADP a	293	0.13 mW, η = 0.08 %, τ = 3 ps	[80Yam]	L = 3 mm
ADP a	295	η = 10−4, τ = 3 . . . 4 ps	[80Wel]	L = 1 . . . 3 mm
RDP	313.8–318.5	3.6 MW, τ = 8 ns, η = 52 %	[75Kat1]	θ = 90 ◦ , T = 20 . . . 98 ◦ C,
		in power		I0 = 36 MW cm−2, L = 25 mm
RDP	310–335	3.2 MW, τ = 10 ns, f = 10 Hz,	[77Kat2]	θ = 90 ◦

η = 36 %

(continued)

Landolt-B¨ornstein

New Series VIII/1A1

Ref. p. 187]		4.1 Frequency conversion in crystals			165

Table 4.1.18 continued.

Crystal	λ 2 ω	Parameters of output radiation	Ref.	Notes
	[nm]	(energy, power, pulse duration);
		conversion e ciency

ADA	292–302	30 mW	[77Fer]	θ = 90 ◦
ADA a	285–315	400 mW (single-mode regime),	[76Fro]	θ = 90 ◦ , temperature tuning,
		50 mW (multimode regime)		L = 30 mm
DKDA	310–355	0.8 . . . 3.2 MW, τ = 10 ns,	[77Kat2]	θ = 90 ◦ , L = 15 mm
		f = 10 Hz, η = 9 . . . 36 %
LiIO3a	295	η = 10−4, τ = 2.1 ps	[80Wel]	L = 0.3 mm
LiIO3a	293–312	0.37 mW, cw regime	[86Bue]	L = 10 mm
LiIO3	293–330	15 mW, cw regime	[83Maj]	L = 1 mm
LiIO3	293	3 kW, η = 30 %	[76Str]	L = 6 mm
LiIO3	293–310	4 mW, cw regime, η = 0.4 %	[75Bet]	L = 6 mm, ∆ λ = 0.03 nm
LiIO3	293–310	21 mW, cw regime, η = 2 %	[75Bet]	L = 6 mm, ∆ ν = 30 MHz
BBO	204.8–215	100 kW, τ = 8 ns, η = 4 . . . 17 %	[86Kat]	θ = 70 ◦ . . . 90 ◦
BBO	205–310	50 kW, τ = 9 . . . 22 ns,	[86Miy]	L = 6 and 8 mm
BBO a		η = 1 . . . 36 %
BBO a	315	20 mW, τ = 43 fs	[88Ede]	θ = 38 ◦ , ϕ = 90 ◦ , L = 55 µm
BBO	230–303	0.02 . . . 0.18 mJ, τ = 17 ns	[90Mue]	θooe = 40 . . . 60 ◦ , L = 7 mm
BBO a	243	30 mW, cw regime	[91Kal]	θooe = 55 ◦ , L = 8 mm,
				∆ ν = 200 Hz
KB5	217.3–234.5	0.3 kW, τ = 7 ns, η = 1 %	[75Dew]	XY plane, eeo
KB5	217.1–240	5 . . . 6 µJ, τ = 3 . . . 4 ns, η = 10 %	[76Dew]	XY	plane, θooe = 90 . . . 0 ◦
KB5	217.1–315.0	5 . . . 6 µJ, 5 ns, 10 %	[76Dew]	XY	plane, ϕeeo = 90 . . . 31 ◦ ,
				L = 10 mm
KB5	217–250	0.1 . . . 5 µJ, η = 0.2 . . . 5 %	[76Zac]	XY	plane, ϕeeo = 90 . . . 65 ◦
DKB5	216.15	2 µJ, τ = 3 ns, η = 5 %	[78Pai]	θ = 90 ◦ , ϕ = 90 ◦
LFM	230–300	η = 2 %	[73Dun]	XZ plane, θooe = 35 . . . 45 ◦ ,
LFM a		η = 10−4		L = 10 mm
LFM a	290–315	η = 10−4	[72Gab]	XZ plane, θooe = 45 ◦ (590 nm)
LFM a	238–249	70 µJ (244 nm), cw regime	[80Bas]	XZ plane, θooe = 39 ◦ (486 nm)
LFM	237.5–260	20 W, nanosecond regime,	[76Str]
LFM a		η = 0.7 %
LFM a	243	1.4 mW, cw regime	[84Foo]	θooe = 36.8 ◦ , L = 15 mm
LFM	285–310	4 µJ, cw regime	[75Bet]
KNbO3	425–468	400 kW, η = 43 %	[79Kat]	angular tuning in XY and
				Y Z planes, temperature tuning
				(20 . . . 220 ◦ C) along the a axis
KNbO3	419–475	12 µW, cw regime, η = 0.065 %	[83Bau]	along the a axis, T from −36 ◦ C
KNbO3a				to +180 ◦ C, L = 9 mm
KNbO3a	425–435	21 mW, cw regime, η = 1.1 %	[85Bau]	along the a axis, T = 0 . . . 50 ◦ C,
				L = 9 mm
Urea	238–300	–	[79Hal]	θeeo = 90 . . . 45 ◦ , L = 2 mm
Urea	298–370	–	[79Hal]	θeoo = 90 . . . 50 ◦ , L = 2 mm

a Intracavity SHG.

Landolt-B¨ornstein

New Series VIII/1A1

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