Файл: Учебнометодическое пособие по английскому языку Медицинская терминология на английском языке для педиатров. Н. Новгород Издво Нижегородской государственной медицинской академии, 2016. 111 с.docx

Exercises

1. 
   Answer the questions:
   

1. 
   Is the number of overweight and obese children increasing nowadays?
   
2. 
   What happens, if one receives more energy than uses?
   
3. 
   What are the main risk factors for childhood obesity?
   
4. 
   How has society contributed to obesity?
   
5. 
   What health problems are associated with obesity?
   
6. 
   Why is necessary for parents to control the child’s weight, diet and physical activity?
   
7. 
   What psychological problems can obese children have?
   

1. 
   Insert a missed word (phrase):
   

1. 
   More and more children are becoming ……. and ……. .
   
2. 
   If you eat more than you use, your body will store the ……. ……. as ……. .
   
3. 
   …….-……. foods and drinks are more readily available.
   
4. 
   The number of ……-……. families has increased.
   
5. 
   The role of ……. ……. in the school curriculum has reduced.
   
6. 
   ……. … ……. – while this condition is most commonly seen in adults, it is now also being diagnosed in children.
   
7. 
   Eating disorders include ……. or ……. ……..
   
8. 
   ……. ……. – this is a condition that causes difficulty breathing when sleeping.
   
9. 
   Overweight children are more likely ……. by their peers and/or to develop low …….-……. or body image problems.
   
10. 
    Control your child’s ……., ……. and ……. ……..
    

3. 
   Match the words (phrases) with their definitions:
   

overweight obesity eating habits sedentary genetics physical education fatty liver snoring self-esteem

means characterized by/or requiring much sitting; is the study of genes, heredity, and genetic variation in living organisms; is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have a negative effect on health, leading to reduced life expectancy and/or increased health problems. training in the development of and care for the human body (includes physical exercises, playing sports, hygiene ect.); is a broad term that describes the buildup of fats in the liver; means heavier and having more body fat than what is generally considered optimally healthy for a given body type and height; refers to why and how people eat, which foods they eat, and with whom they eat, as well as the ways people obtain, store, use, and discard (утилизировать, выбрасывать) food; reflects a person's overall subjective emotional evaluation of his or her own worth. It is a judgment of oneself as well as an attitude toward the self. is the vibration of respiratory structures and the resulting sound due to obstructed air movement during breathing while sleeping. In some cases, the sound may be soft, but in other cases, it can be loud and unpleasant.

Prepare for the Final Test

1. 
   Write down the term that fits the given definition:
   

1. 
   ……. means occurring earlier than expected (before a state of readiness /or maturity/ has arrived).
   
2. 
   ……. ……. is the process of receiving blood products into one's circulation intravenously.
   
3. 
   ……. is an abnormal developmental feature of offspring.
   
4. 
   ……. is a severe and rapid systemic allergic reaction to an allergen (ex.: foreign protein or drug).
   
5. 
   ……. ……. is allergic reaction to a substance ingested in food;
   
6. 
   ……. is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the body. Its signs and symptoms of include: redness, pain, warmth, and swelling that when pressed feels like it is fluid filled.
   
7. 
   ……. is a general feeling of unease and discomfort in the stomach, often with the urge to vomit.
   
8. 
   ……. means irregular heartbeat, or a group of conditions in which the heartbeat is irregular, too fast, or too slow.
   
9. 
   ……. is when poor blood flow to the brain results in cell death. There are two main types of it: ischemic due to lack of blood flow and hemorrhagic due to bleeding.
   
10. 
    ……. ……. are teeth that are present above the gumline (have already erupted) at birth, or emerge through the gingiva during the first month of life.
    
11. 
    ....... ……. or adult teeth are the second set of teeth formed in mammals.
    
12. 
    ……. is an eating disorder characterized by eating a large amount of food in a short amount of time often followed by purging (self-induced vomiting). The majority of cases are women and girls.
    

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2. 
   Choose the Correct Variant (Grammar):
   

1. 
   Cлова «sedentary», «commonly», «obesity », «gestational», «offspring», «occurring » (пугающий), «characterized» являютсясоответственноследующимичастямиречи:
   

1. 
   сущ.; прил.; наречие; глагол; прил.; сущ.; глагол
   
2. 
   прил.; наречие; сущ.; прил.; сущ.; причастие I; причастие II
   
3. 
   наречие; глагол; наречие; герундий; прилагательное; глагол; глагол
   
4. 
   причастие I; причастие II; прил.; наречие; глагол; герундий; глагол
   
5. 
   глагол; прил.; наречие; сущ.; прил.; отглагольн. сущ.; причастие I.
   

2. 
   Впредложении «The Smiths have been living in London for 7 years already» используетсявремя
   

1. 
   Future Perfect Continuous (Progressive)
   
2. 
   Past Continuous (Progressive)
   
3. 
   Past Perfect Continuous (Progressive)
   
4. 
   Present Perfect Continuous (Progressive)
   
5. 
   Past Perfect
   

3. 
   Впредложении «Australian children watch, on average, around 2½ hours of television a day, as well as spending time using computers and other electronic games» слова «spending» и «using» соответственноявляются:
   

1. 
   прилагательным и отглагольным существительным
   
2. 
   отглагольным существительным и герундием
   
3. 
   герундием и причастием настоящего времени
   
4. 
   причастиями настоящего времени
   
5. 
   герундиями
   

4. 
   Ann’s friends insisted on her ……. to the doctor as soon as possible.
   

1. 
   having gone
   
2. 
   to go
   
3. 
   going
   
4. 
   being gone
   
5. 
   having been gone
   

5. 
   Впредложении: “It’s being very cold, we put on winter coats” есть:
   

1. 
   герундий
   
2. 
   время Present Continuous
   
3. 
   отглагольное существительное
   
4. 
   самостоятельный причастный оборот (APC)
   
5. 
   простой причастный оборот
   

6) При переводе на английский язык с использованием конструкции ComplexObject предложение “Вы хотите, чтобы он вам помог?” будет:

1. 
   Do you need his help?
   
2. 
   You wouldn’t mind his helping you, would you?
   
3. 
   Do you want him to help you?
   
4. 
   He’d like to help you.
   
5. 
   He is known to help you.
   

7) При переводе на английский язык с использованием конструкции ComplexSubject предложение “Оказывается, у этого пациента аллергия на антибиотики” будет:

1. 
   This patient is allergic to antibiotics.
   
2. 
   This patient has allergy to antibiotics, hasn’t he?
   
3. 
   Do you know this patient to have allergy to antibiotics?
   
4. 
   Antibiotics cause allergy in this patient.
   
5. 
   This patient appears to have allergy to antibiotics.
   

8) Define the type of the following Conditional Sentence (0, I, II or III):

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• 
  If she comes earlier, we’ll go to the museum.
  
• 
  Had I known about that, I would have never gone there.
  
• 
  If she goes to the gym, she feels better.
  
• 
  Helen would have joined us if you told her yesterday.
  
• 
  If you were cleverer, you would use a more powerful computer.
  

1. 
   I, III, 0, III, II;
   
2. 
   0, II, I, III, III;
   
3. 
   III, II, I, 0, I;
   
4. 
   I, II, III, 0, III;
   
5. 
   III, I, II, II, 0.
   

Lesson 8.

Final Test

1. 
   Write down the term that fits the given definition:
   

1. 
   The period of carrying the developing offspring within the mother’s body (from conception to birth) is called ……. .
   
2. 
   ……. is the organ that maintains the developing fetus during pregnancy.
   
3. 
   ……. means termination of a pregnancy before the fetus is capable to survive. /May be spontaneous (miscarriage) or induced/.
   
4. 
   The environmental agent that produces abnormalities in the developing fetus is called ……. .
   
5. 
   ……. is a human embryo after the 8th week of gestation.
   
6. 
   Slowness or limitation of development (mental or physical) is called ……. .
   
7. 
   ……. is a pattern of birth defects, learning, and behavioral problems affecting individuals whose mothers consumed alcohol during pregnancy.
   
8. 
   ……. means sexually transmitted.
   
9. 
   A condition in which a tissue or environment or a fetus is partially or totally deprived of oxygen is called ……. .
   
10. 
    ……. is a complication of pregnancy, characterized by hypertension and damage to the linings of the blood vessels of the brain, liver, lungs and kidneys, which can lead to multiple organ failure, convulsions, coma and death.
    
11. 
    The ……. ……. is a type of protein on the surface of red blood cells. It can be positive (the majority of people have it) and negative.
    
12. 
    ……. is a hypersensitivity disorder of the immune system.
    
13. 
    ……. ……. or ……. is an acute or chronic inflammation of the skin, characterized by redness, itching, and the outbreak of oozing vesicular lesions which become encrusted and scaly. It is non-contagious.
    
14. 
    A long-term respiratory condition, in which the airways may unexpectedly and suddenly narrow, often in response to an allergen, cold air, exercise, or emotional stress is called ……. .
    
15. 
    The pattern of progression from one form of allergic disease to another is called the ……. ……. .
    
16. 
    An area of reddened, irritated, and inflamed skin is called ……. .
    
17. 
    ……. is the condition of a body from which the water has been removed, the lack of water.
    
18. 
    ……. is a condition in which the sufferer has frequent bowel movements and watery stools.
    
19. 
    An inflammation of the mucous membranes of the stomach and intestine caused by an infection is called ……. .
    
20. 
    ……. is an inflammation of the appendix.
    
21. 
    ……. is a state of the bowels in which the evacuations are infrequent and difficult.
    
22. 
    ……. ……. is a chronic symptom of mucosal damage caused by stomach acid coming up from the stomach into the esophagus.
    
23. 
    ……. ……. is a condition when the heart is unable to pump sufficiently to maintain blood flow to meet the body's needs.
    
24. 
    An obstruction of normal blood flow or an abnormal communication between different parts of the heart is called the ……. ……. ……. .
    
25. 
    ……. is a slow heart rate.
    
26. 
    ……. is a fast heart rate.
    
27. 
    A ……. ……. is a “whooshing” sound made by blood circulating through the heart’s chambers or valves, or through blood vessels near the heart.
    
28. 
    ……. is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have a negative effect on health, leading to reduced life expectancy and/or increased health problems.
    
29. 
    ……. ……. refers to why and how people eat, which foods they eat, and with whom they eat, as well as the ways people obtain, store, use, and discard (утилизировать, выбрасывать) food.
    
30. 
    ……. ……. means training in the development of and care for the human body (includes physical exercises, playing sports, hygiene ect.);
    

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1. 
   Choose the Correct Variant:
   

1. 
   Cлова «hungry», «effectively», «severity», «gestational», «complication», «frightening » (пугающий), «uncomplicated» являютсясоответственноследующимичастямиречи:
   

a) сущ.; прил.; наречие; глагол; прил.; сущ.; глагол

b) прил.; наречие; сущ.; прил.; сущ.; причастие I; причастие II

c) наречие; глагол; наречие; глагол; прилагательное; глагол; глагол

d) причастие II; причастие I; прил.; наречие; глагол; герундий; глагол

e) глагол; прил.; наречие; сущ.; прил.; отглагольн. сущ.; причастие I.

2. 
   Впредложении «Professor Smith was performing an operation from 3 till 7 yesterday» используетсявремя …..
   

1. 
   Past Perfect
   
2. 
   Past Continuous (Progressive)
   
3. 
   Past Perfect Continuous (Progressive)
   
4. 
   Past Simple
   
5. 
   Present Perfect Continuous (Progressive)
   

3. 
   Впредложении «His mother has been working as a pediatrician for 15 years already» используетсявремя …..
   

1. 
   Future Perfect Continuous (Progressive)
   
2. 
   Past Continuous (Progressive)
   
3. 
   Past Perfect Continuous (Progressive)
   
4. 
   Present Perfect Continuous (Progressive)
   
5. 
   Past Perfect
   

4. 
   Впредложении «The Browns had been working in London before they moved to the USA» используетсявремя ……
   

1. 
   Past Continuous (Progressive)
   
2. 
   Present Perfect Continuous (Progressive)
   
3. 
   Past Perfect Continuous (Progressive)
   
4. 
   Past Perfect
   
5. 
   Future Perfect Continuous (Progressive)
   

5. 
   Впредложении «By the New Year he’ll have been working as a doctor for 20 years» используетсявремя …..
   

1. 
   Future Perfect Continuous (Progressive)
   
2. 
   Present Perfect Continuous (Progressive)
   
3. 
   Past Perfect Continuous (Progressive)
   
4. 
   Future Perfect
   
5. 
   Future Continuous (Progressive)
   

6) Впредложении «Children with reflux suffer from frequent vomiting or belching.» слова «vomiting» и «belching » являются ……. .

1. 
   герундиями
   
2. 
   отглагольными существительными
   
3. 
   прилагательными
   
4. 
   причастиями настоящего времени
   
5. 
   причастиями прошедшего времени
   

7) It is no use ..… it now.

1. 
   to do
   
2. 
   having done
   
3. 
   to have done
   
4. 
   having been doing
   
5. 
   doing
   

8) Впредложении «The condition of the patient being critical, the operation was started immediately» есть:

1. 
   самостоятельный причастный оборот
   
2. 
   простой причастный оборот
   
3. 
   придаточное определительное предложение
   
4. 
   сложное дополнение
   
5. 
   время Present Continuous
   

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9) Предложение «An ambulance having arrived, the wounded man was taken to the hospital» переводится:

1. 
   Когда подъедет «скорая помощь», раненого человека заберут в больницу.
   
2. 
   Подъезжает «скорая помощь», и раненого человека забирают в больницу.
   
3. 
   В то время, когда подъезжала «скорая помощь», раненого человека забирали в больницу.
   
4. 
   Когда подъехала «скорая помощь», раненого человека уже забирали в больницу.
   
5. 
   После того, как приехала «скорая помощь», раненого человека забрали в больницу.
   

10) We know ……. to occur because of a viral infection of the heart.

1. 
   cyanosis; C.S.
   
2. 
   rheumatic heart disease; C.O.
   
3. 
   myocarditis; C.S.
   
4. 
   tachycardia; APC
   
5. 
   bradycardia; C.O.
   

11) При переводе на английский язык с использованием конструкции ComplexSubject предложение «Операция, проведённая доктором Брауном, оказалась очень сложной» будет:

1. 
   The operation performing by Dr. Brown appeared to be very difficult.
   
2. 
   The operation being performed by Dr. Brown appears to be very difficult.
   
3. 
   Dr. Brown appeared to have performed a very difficult operation.
   
4. 
   The operation performed by Dr. Brown was very difficult.
   
5. 
   The operation performed by Dr. Brown appeared to be very difficult.
   

12) Define the type of the following Conditional Sentence (0, I, II or III):

• 
  If they lived in town, they would go to a prestigious school.
  
• 
  If the weather stays the same, we will cancel the picnic.
  
• 
  If you go out in the winter without warm clothes, you catch a cold.
  
• 
  Had I bought that phone, I’d have regretted about it very soon.
  
• 
  I would have come to her exhibition yesterday if Jessie had called me last week.
  

1. 
   I, III, 0, III, II;
   
2. 
   0, II, I, II, III;
   
3. 
   II, I, 0, III, III;
   
4. 
   I, II, III, 0, III;
   
5. 
   III, I, II, II, 0.
   

APPENDIX I

Основные английские суффиксы и приставки и их значения

(общие сведения)

Суффиксы существительных

Суффикс	Значение	Примеры
-age	а) действие, условие или результат; б) количественное значение или значение собирательности; в) место действия, место жительства	to marry – marriage acre - acreage herb – herbage to harbour - harbourage
-ance -ence	процесс, состояние или свойство	important – importance different - difference
-dom	абстрактные и собирательные существительные, обозначающие: а) общественный статус или явление; б) состояние	king - kingdom free - freedom
-ее	лицо, на которое направлено действие	to address - addressee
-er, -or	действующее лицо	to sell – seller to visit - visitor
-ery, -ary, -ry	а) место; б) действие, род занятия или деятельности; поведение или связанное с ним качество; в) состояние или положение	to bind – bindery to rob – robbery chemist – chemistry slave - slavery
-hood	а) состояние, общественное положение; б) качества, свойства; в) совокупность людей или семейные отношения	child - childhood saint - sainthood brother - brotherhood
-ian	национальная принадлежность	Russia - Russian
-ician	лицо по роду работы, занятий	mathematics - mathematician
-ion,  -ation, -tion, -sion, -ssion	а) действие, процесс, состояние; б) абстрактное понятие; свойство, качество	to transform – transformation to accommodate -    accomo-dation
-ism	отвлеченные имена существительные	Marx - Marxism
-ist	профессия, принадлежность к  партии, религии, философскому течению	to type - typist Marxist
-ment	a) действие, процесс, состояние; б) результат действия или продукт деятельности	to move – movement to improve – improvement
-ness	качество или состояние	hарру - happiness
-ship	а) положение человека в обществе; звание, должность, титул; б) умение, мастерство, искусство; занятие; с) чувство, отношение к чему-либо; д) абстрактные понятия	captain – captainship draftsman – draftsmanship comrade – comradeship citizen - citizenship
-ute, -ture	а) процесс, состояние; свойства; абстрактное понятие; б) сфера деятельности; официальное учреждение и его функции	to depart – departure portrait – portraiture
-y	абстрактные и собирательные существительные	soldier - soldiery

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