Файл: I am in love with english.doc

UNIT 4

Exercise 1

[∫n] – motion, station, mention, dic`tation, a`ttention, cor`rection, infor`mation, dele`gation, hesi`tation, edu`cation, ex`pression, pro`fession, dis`cussion, session, mission, passion, com`mission

[t∫ə] – lecture, picture, nature, feature, temperature, structure, century, archi`tecture

[f] – phone, photo, sphere, atmo`sphere, telephone, phew, phonetic, phrase, phase, phantasy

[ʌ] – but, cut, club, up, cup, just, bus, Russian, husband, uncle, much, jump, jungle, brush, subject, must, summer, re`sult, con`sult, dis`cuss, dis`cussion, con`junction, current, currency, pro`duction, in`struction

[u] – pull, bull, bullet, bully, full, push, cushion

[ə:] – fur, burn, hurt, spur, turn, turf, further, burden, furnish, furnace, turner, furniture, curtain, surface

[ju:, u:] – due, tube, cube, suit, use, future, music, student, pupil, duty, studio, union, humour, rumour, duly, rule, crude, rude, flu, blue, bruise, June, jute, tutor, ex`cuse, a`ccuse, in`clude, pur`sue, re`sume, con`sumer, pro`duce, in`duce, po`llute, con`fuse, re`duce, intro`duce, con`tribute, contri`bution, supervise, supervisor, reso`lution, evo`lution, consti`tution, so`lution

[juə, uə] – cure, pure, lure, during, durable, mural, curious, furious, obs`cure, pro`cure, duel, fuel, cruel, cruet

[g] – guard, guest, guess, guide, guild, guile, guilt, guilty, guise, guidance, vague, vaguely

Exercise 2

Must – murk – mute – mural pan – pen – pin – punch

Fun – fur – fuse – furious hate – he – hike hope – human

Punch – purse – pupil – pure bar – berth – birth – born – burn

mare – mere – mire – more - mural

SELF-CONTROL

Such, student, sure, nurse, guilt, be`gin, furniture, future, turner, pure, re`turn, current, fluent, further, guest, culture, fuse, during, jute, fruit, surface, structure, fuel, guide, pull, dis`cuss, human, curtain, crucial, curl, obscure, brute, suit

UNIT 5

Exercise 1

[h] – who, whose, whom, whole

[w] – when, which, white, whistle, what, where

[ɔ] – not, job, hot, box, porridge, block, song, fond, doctor, knock, complex, profit, prospect, possible, be`long, operate, co`operate

[ɔ:] – short, born, sport, lord, nor, corn, forge, horse, stork, force, formal, corner, wore, pore, sore, store, shore, tore, fore, ore, brought, fought, bought, ought, course

[ou] – no, go, so, home, note, joke, woke, vote, smoke, oval, a`go, over, moment, those, coach, goat, moan, foal, coat, coast, old, cold, fold, scold, told, bold, know, show, grow, low, yellow, snow, blow, slow, below, dip`loma, postgraduate, pro`cessing

[au] – house, foul, round, noun, out, gouge, couch, found, knout, bound, cloud, a`ccount, brown, down, crowd, crown, frown, gown, town, fowl

[auə] – our, hour, sour, flour, power, shower, glower

[oɪ] – boy, joy, loyal, con`voy, boil, noise, point, joint, join, foist, foil, poison, ex`ploit, em`ploy, em`ployer, em`ployment

[ʌ] – brother, other, nothing, son, ton, London, come, some, company, glove, cover, a`bove

[u:] – food, tooth, school, too, scooter, fool, soon, choose, proof, cool, soothe

[u] – book, look, took, cook, brook, rook, hook, shook, nook

[ə:] – work, word, worth, worse, world, worst, worker, worm
Exercise 2

Pot – port – pony – pore mat – met – mix – mob – must

Top – torn – tone – tore mark – mercy – mirth – mortal – murder

Sob – sort – sole – sore make – mete – mike – mope – mute

Mare – mere – mire – more – mural

SELF-CONTROL

Worth, cross, look, school, son, boy, noise, count, town, slow, scold, toast, close, be`fore, York, money, flour, a`nnouncer, en`joy, point, thought, choose, flower, took, worse, bold, yellow, con`duct, storey, a`ccording, com`pose, fought, roast, brown, hour, shower

UNIT 6

Exercise 1

[I] – system, myth, crystal, symbol, syllable, crypt, symmetry, gyps, gymnasium, gym`nastics, gypsy, lynx, nymph, pygmy, symptom, syntax

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[ai] – my, bye, lye, rye, dye, type, typhus, typist, siphon, cry, fly, scythe, dynamo, dynamite

[ə:] – Byrd

[aɪ] – byre, tyre, lyre, tyrant, lyrist

[j] – yet, yard, you, year, yellow, yoke, yes, be`yond, yesterday, York

[ʧ ] – catch, match, fetch, watch, wretch, patch, switch, witch, snatch, thatch

[-] – night, eight, daughter, bought, caught, taught, straight, weight, flight, thought, brought
SELF-CONTROL

tyre, myth, Byrd, syllable, yellow, crustal, my, typhus, dye, yet, tyrant, your, typist, yard, rye, wry, wrought, type, yield, thatch, system, gyps, siphon, physics

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UNIT 7

Reading articles

Exercise 1.

[ə(ʌ)] a book, a rat, a glove, a storm, a game, a sound, a place, a knock, a bird, a film, a story, a lecturer, a dress, a fork, a bottle, a cup, a frog, a language, a song, a deck, a brother, a yard, a shoe, a night, a word, a blessing, a dream, a snake, a physician, a chat, a turtle, a crime, a blame, a boat, a yellow submarine, a usual day, a young girl, a useless thing

[ən] an apple, an elephant, an hour, an accusation, an onion, an offer, an eagle, an angle, an idiom, an idea, an order, an account book, an industry, an indoor sport, an office, an undertaking, an umbrella, an ideal husband, an African animal, an unusual case, an ancient town, an idiotic question, an enthusiastic person, an easy task, an early hour, an elderly lady, an obsolete word

[∂ə] the teacher, the doctor, the worm, the party, the rich, the young, the boys, the lion, the turn, the river, the storm, the ship, the mouse, the person, the chief, the manager, the chef, the guys

[∂ɪ] the answer, the Earth, the apple, the end, the oak, the other, the ocean, the iceberg, the house, the elbow, the object, the absence, the observatory, the abbreviation, the obstacle, the ability, the idle men, the earnings, the owl, the evening, the ugly dwarf, the athlete, the Atlantic Ocean
Exercise 2.

at_the party, at the meeting, at the end, at the hospital, at the office, at the window, at the wall

in_the armchair, in the afternoon, in the summer, in the air, in the sky, in the street, in the hall, in_the tree

on the beach, on the plane, on the boat, on the table, on the roof, on the radio, on the wall

half of_the pie, the beginning of the story, the cause of the accident, two thirds of the sum

UNIT 8

Exercise 1. Non-pronounced letters (in bold)

answer, hour, pneumonia, pneumatic, pneutronic, psychology, psychiatry, psychosis, debt, climb, comb, knock, listen, walk, talk, chalk, half, clothes, through, though, guitar, guess, whose, what, watch, stretch, write, wretch, wrap, wreck, wrinkle, ghost, ghastly, ghetto, ghoul

Exercise 2. R-linking

thereis, thereare, foran hour, a sister ora brother, areemployed, forexample, forinstance, theirown house, they arealso very productive, the inventorof the light bulb, aftera while, forat least a decade, the ownerof the house, working on yourown, furtherinformation, some moreinformation, theiraddress, yourideas, as faras, the centerof the city, a yearand a half, herugly dog, afterall, they wereall asleep, the atmosphereof friendship, moreeffective, be sureof it, to answera question, the managerof the enterprise, overand overagain, before_another event, haven’t seen you forages, fora moment, fora while, cheerup, whereare you, whereis it, no longerexists, undera table, lateron, to learn more_about it, to ask herout, a disasterat sea, in an houror so, you don’t careat all, motherand child, weather and climate

UNIT 9

Exercise 1. First syllable-stressed words

Student, twenty, oval, husband, German, conduct, special, mural, effort, pocket, waken, stadium, lesson, subject, always, careful, certain, music, welcome, moment, garden, autumn, season, ultra, cosmic, thermal
Exercise 2. Three-syllable (first syllable-stressed) words.
Family, telephone, magazine, character, bachelor, yesterday, interval, chemistry, different, energy, instrument, several, holiday, cinema, salary, excellent, general, hospital, typical, capital, medical, criminal, oxygen
Exercise 3. Revision.

Thursday, mine, ready, class, be`fore, stairs, third, right, come, please, earphone, an`nouncer, each, pause, ma`terial, main, re`corder, small, way, ask, weather, temperature, de`gree, be`low, a`bove, winter, ground, hard, short, cold, cover, during, a`gain, nature

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UNIT 10

Exercise 1. –ity suffix (the nearest to the suffix syllable is stressed)

Celebrity, electricity, density, fraternity, calamity, university, prosperity, authority, poverty, popularity, sanity, activity, selectivity, felicity, nationality, authenticity, capacity, facility, productivity, diversity, constructivity, polarity, vanity, utility, availability, community, capability

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Exercise 2. –fy [faɪ] verb suffix

Intensify - intensified, testify - testified, satisfy - satisfied, qualify - qualified, modify - modified, electrify – electrified, justify – justified, liquefy – liquefied, magnify - magnified

Exercise 3. –ize/-yze [aɪz] verb suffix

Mechanize - mechanization, analyze – analyzed, realize - realization, computerize – computerization,

Exercise 4. –ate [eɪt] verb suffix

Decorate - decoration, penetrate - penetration, situate - situation, demonstrate - demonstration, deteriorate - deterioration, delegate – delegation, generate – generation, dedicate – dedication, operate – operation, concentrate – concentration

-ate [ɪt]; ace [ɪs]; age [ɪʤ] non-stressed adjective and noun endings

climate, desperate, private, federate, delegate, palace, furnace, image, voyage, message, linkage, cabbage, luggage, language, package
Exercise 5. –able; -ible [əbl; ɪbl] non-stressed adjective suffixes

usable, available, washable, sensible, capable, solvable, repairable, renewable, edible, flammable, readable, changeable, incredible, unbelievable, unbearable, improbable, acceptable, achievable, unadaptable, unagreeable, unallowable, assessable, attainable, avoidable, collectible

ГЛАВА 1. ЧУДЕСНЫЕ АНГЛИЙСКИЕ СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНЫЕ.

WONDERFUL ENGLISH NOUNS



§ 1. Как они выглядят. How they look like.

В отличие от русского языка, где довольно легко понять, к какой части речи относится данное слово, в английском процесс распознавания сложнее. Если в слове нет суффикса, определить, существительное это, глагол или прилагательное, без контекста невозможно (work – работа / работать; like – любить / подобный и.т.п.). Видимо, этим как раз и объясняется строгость порядка слов в английском предложении. Поставленное в контекст, слово своим местом в предложении сообщает, к какой части речи оно относится и как, следовательно, его нужно перевести.

E.G. Ilikeswimming. – Я люблю купаться.

She sings like a lark. – Онапоеткаксоловей.

Тем не менее, полезно узнать, какие суффиксы характерны для существительных. Во-первых, будете уверены, что это не глагол, а во-вторых, сможете узнать родственное слово по общему корню.

Один из наиболее частотных суффиксов - -(at)ion/ -(s) sion. Основу таких существительных составляет глагол:

inform – information (информировать – информация)

celebrate – celebration (праздновать – празднование)

generate – generation (порождать – поколение)

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