to take part in an election as a candidate - to run / to stand

5. Match the words in List A with those in List B to form phrases.

List A	List B
to obtain to put up to withdraw to run to hold to mount to grant to rig to contest to return to carry to seek election electoral voter term to get over hotly to inaugurate to elect sb	a. election b. in office c. reform d. contested e. for a term of office f. returns g. fraud h. a hurdle i. the nomination j. for a seat k. suffrage l. a president m. a bid for the presidency n. one's candidacy o. a state p. sb to parliament q. election results r. for election s. a seat t. an elective office

6. Fill the gaps in the sentences with prepositions or adverbial particles if necessary.

1. 
   She was nominated ….. our candidate.
   
2. 
   Ferraro was the first woman to be nominated ….. the job of vice president.
   
3. 
   He is a candidate for….. the office of Governor.
   
4. 
   She is expected to announce officially her candidacy ….. president early next week.
   
5. 
   The new party is putting ….. 15 candidates ….. 22 seats.
   
6. 
   William has been put ….. ….. a candidate for the committee.
   
7. 
   You have said that you will stand ….. the presidential election next year.
   
8. 
   There will be three candidates running ….. her.
   
9. 
   He returned to politics in January 1995 when he and his wife were elected ….. parliament.
   
10. 
    Morris was re-elected ….. a third term.
    
11. 
    Durrant was returned ….. Parliament ….. an increased majority.
    
12. 
    He ran ….. governor ….. the Republican ticket.
    
13. 
    He hopes to visit China during his second term ….. office.
    
14. 
    Jackson announced his intention to run ….. President.
    
15. 
    Three women with the same name are standing ….. this seat.
    
16. 
    There will be a run-off ….. these two candidates on December 9^th.
    
17. 
    General Herrera was elected ….. a third term ….. office as President.
    
18. 
    The Government's term of office runs ….. at the end of the year.
    

7. Choose the word or phrase (from the list) that best completes each of the sentences below. Change the grammatical form of the word or phrase if necessary.
to schedule, rigging, to hold, to withdraw, neck and neck, bid, to serve, elector, to inaugurate, candidacy, to fix, electoral, to run for, returns, to nominate, to contest, to carry, to win, to return, candidate, to put up, opponent, franchise, to mount, threshold, to announce, to run against, seat

1. 
   In 1960, young Democrats took over the party by ….. John E. Kennedy for the presidency.
   
2. 
   She was nominated as our ….. .
   
3. 
   Bob Dole none the less remains the front-runner in the race ….. the Republican presidential nomination.
   
4. 
   Eight months later he announced his ….. for the U. S. Senate.
   
5. 
   Do you really intend ….. for that seat?
   
6. 
   Richard Roe will ….. mayor.
   
7. 
   Mr Meaney made an unsuccessful ….. for the presidency two years ago.
   
8. 
   Women are given the ….. on the same basis as men.
   
9. 
   Reagan became the first incumbent ….. two terms in the presidency since Dwight D. Eisenhower in the 1950s.
   
10. 
    Republicans ….. 235 of the 435 seats in the House.
    
11. 
    The poll was widely discredited after allegations of ballot ….. .
    
12. 
    It is no easy job ….. John Glenn, Ohio's Democratic senator.
    
13. 
    He plans ….. a seat on Cookstown district council in the May elections.
    
14. 
    He ….. his nomination less than twelve hours later.
    
15. 
    No Democrat ….. Arizona since 1948.
    
16. 
    The elections ….. for mid-June.
    
17. 
    Early ….. show that the Labour Party is in the lead.
    
18. 
    The party now feels the time is right to ….. a bid for power.
    
19. 
    The new President ….. in January.
    
20. 
    Just six of those parties managed to cross the 5 percent ….. necessary for official status in the Duma.
    
21. 
    Opinion polls show the two main parties are running ….. .
    
22. 
    Some international observers claim the election ….. .
    

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8. Translate these sentences. Give synonymous translations if possible.

1. 
   Республиканцы выдвинули его кандидатом в президенты на предстоящих всеобщих выборах.
   
2. 
   Два известных политика борются за выдвижение в качестве кандидата на пост президента от Демократической партии.
   
3. 
   Он очень легко добился выдвижения в качестве кандидата на пост президента от Республиканской партии.
   
4. 
   Ему пришлось снять свою кандидатуру на президентских выборах.
   
5. 
   Каждая партия имеет право выставить одного кандидата на выборах.
   
6. 
   Он планирует выставить свою кандидатуру на выборах губернатора / на выборах в парламент страны.
   
7. 
   Ему придется соперничать на выборах с двумя достойными кандидатами.
   
8. 
   Он был избран в местный парламент / на должность премьер-министра.
   
9. 
   Правительство собирается объявить о проведении выборов через месяц.
   
10. 
    Всеобщие выборы будут проведены в будущем году.
    
11. 
    На выборах в национальный парламент он побеждал дважды и один раз потерпел поражение.
    
12. 
    Несмотря на все усилия, предпринятые правительством, очередные выборы были сорваны.
    
13. 
    Она никогда не занимала выборной должности.
    
14. 
    В последнее время было отмечено усиление националистических настроений среди избирателей.
    
15. 
    В этом году он снова собирается бороться за пост президента.
    
16. 
    Он участвует в президентских выборах от Демократической партии.
    
17. 
    Он принимает участие в выборах в парламент по спискам правоцентристской партии.
    
18. 
    В то время большинство избирателей проголосовало за крайние левые партии.
    
19. 
    Впервые президентские выборы были проведены на основе всеобщего и равного избирательного права при тайном голосовании.
    
20. 
    Мы надеемся, что ныне действующий президент будет переизбран на новый четырехлетний срок.
    
21. 
    Срок полномочий правительства истекает в следующем году.
    
22. 
    Он подал в отставку с поста президента страны.
    
23. 
    Наш кандидат завоевал место в комитете по правам человека.
    
24. 
    Торжественная церемония вступления президента в должность пройдет в январе будущего года.
    
25. 
    Оппозиция опасается, что результаты парламентских выборов будут сфальсифицированы.
    
26. 
    Ходили слухи о подтасовке результатов голосования.
    

II. Section: Voting
1. Match the words and phrases in List A with those in List B. Learn these lexical units.

List A

List B

to vote a proposal through to vote a motion down to outvote sb to go to the polls to stay away from the polls to turn out for an election to cast a vote the deciding vote count of votes to put sth to the vote to have a vote on sth abstention from voting polling day high turnout at an election to win an election by a narrow margin to win an election by a wide margin absolute majority relative majority to be in the majority to be in the minority landslide victory ballot paper absentee ballot ballot box polling station polling booth

a. избирательный пункт b. быть в большинстве c. высокая явка на выборы d. принимать участие в выборах e. абсолютное большинство f. день выборов g. избирательная урна h. убедительная победа на выборах i. открепительный талон j. быть в меньшинстве k. избирательный бюллетень l. простое большинство голосов m. провести предложение путем голосования n. выиграть выборы с большим преимуществом o. не ходить на выборы p. нанести кому-л. поражение путем голосования q. выиграть выборы с незначительным преимуществом r. неучастие в голосовании s. проводить голосование t. поставить на голосование u. подсчет голосов v. подавать голос на выборах w. кабина для голосования x. явиться на выборы y. отклонить предложение путем голосования z. решающий голос

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2. Give synonyms for the following words and phrases.
to vote sth down, to win (votes), (the deciding) vote, to have (a vote on sth), (to put sth to the) vote, polling (day), (voter) turnout, high (turnout), to put (turnout at 55 per cent), narrow (margin), wide (margin), to win (a majority), to have (a majority), small (majority), large (majority), absolute (majority), two-thirds (majority), relative (majority), landslide (victory), polling station, polling (booth)
3. Suggest words and expressions that correspond to the following definitions.

1. 
   a box in which you put your ballot paper after you have voted - ballot box
   
2. 
   the day when people vote in an election - polling day (esp. BrE) | election day
   
3. 
   a government that does not have enough politicians in a parliament to control parliament and take decisions without the support of other parties - minority government
   
4. 
   a small partly enclosed space in a polling station where you can vote secretly in an election - polling booth (esp. BrE) | voting booth (esp. AmE
   
5. 
   a choice or decision that you make by voting in an election or meeting - vote
   
6. 
   the difference in the number of votes, points etc that exists between the winners and the losers of a competition or election - margin
   
7. 
   the number of people who vote in an election-
   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9   10

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participation rate

a result in an election when one candidate or political party wins more than half the total votes or seats - absolute / overall majority | majority

to vote in an election - to go to the polls

the total number of votes recorded in an election

a system of voting, usually in secret, in order to choose a candidate in an election or express an opinion about an issue, or an occasion when you vote in this way - ballot

to elect or dismiss someone by voting - to vote somebody into / out of office / power / parliament | to vote sb in / out | to vote sb onto a committee / council

to choose not to vote for or against something in an election; to choose not to vote in an election or meeting - to abstain (from sth / doing sth) / (in the vote

to defeat a person or an idea by winning more votes than them - to outvote

the number of votes by which a candidate or party wins an election - majority

to go somewhere in order to be present at an event or take part in an activity - to turn out (for sth / to do sth

17. 
    a victory in an election in which one person or party gets a lot more votes than their opponents - landslide (victory) | sweeping victory
    
18. 
    the place where people go to vote in an election - the polls [plural] | polling station (esp. BrE) | polling place
    
19. 
    to approve a plan, law etc by voting - to vote sth through
    
20. 
    the largest number of votes received by a candidate or party in an election that is less than the total number of votes which all the other candidates or parties have received - simple majority | relative majority (BrE) | plurality
    
21. 
    a piece of paper on which you record your vote - ballot (paper) | voting slip
    
22. 
    a piece of paper which voters who are unable to be present at an election can vote on and send in by post - absentee ballot
    
23. 
    to show by marking a paper, raising your hand etc which person you want to elect or whether you support a particular plan - to vote
    
24. 
    a small group of people or things within a much larger group - minority
    
25. 
    to reject sb or a plan, law etc by voting - to vote sb / sth down
    

4. Match the words in List A with those in List B to form phrases.

List A	List B
to vote to abstain to cast narrow minority polling to vote on to vote sb to turn out deciding recount to put a proposal polling turnout to command overall to be sweeping to win spoiled absentee ballot	a. vote b. a majority c. ballot d. box e. day f. victory g. in the minority h. ballot papers i. rate j. for an election k. majority l. a victory m. party n. Labour o. from voting p. of votes q. to the vote r. station s. a proposal t. into office u. a vote for sb v. margin

5. Fill the gaps in the sentences with prepositions or adverbial particles if necessary.

1. 
   Independent candidates won the majority of seats onthe local council.
   
2. 
   I cannot understand people who continue to vote ….. Conservative after they have lost their homes or their jobs, or both.
   
3. 
   The proposals were voted ….. yesterday.
   
4. 
   The leaders asked their workers to abstain … from.. voting.
   
5. 
   Party leaders are elected …. by. ballot.
   
6. 
   Recent polls say if the election were held today, Clinton would beat Dole by ….. a significant margin.
   
7. 
   He won last month's presidential election ….. a landslide.
   
8. 
   The Socialists won … by.. a narrow majority.
   
9. 
   The vast majority of people voted … of.. closer links with Europe.
   
10. 
    With policies like that, he'll be voted … out.. in the next election.
    
11. 
    The committee voted … through.. a proposal to cut the defence budget.
    
12. 
    Turnout slid down despite an increase … in.. voter registration.
    
13. 
    She cast her vote … for.. the Communist Party.
    
14. 
    This seems to be an area of disagreement, so let's put it … to.. the ballot.
    
15. 
    About 70% of the population turned … out.. …to.. the election.
    
16. 
    The Congress voted … down.. a motion to change the union's structure.
    
17. 
    Initial estimates put the turnout ….. more than 70 per cent in Gaza.
    
18. 
    By comparison, the turnout … for.. the 1992 primary election was 29 percent.
    
19. 
    Women are … in.. the minority in the top ranks of government.
    
20. 
    The issue will be decided … at.. the ballot box.
    

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6. Choose the word or phrase (from the list) that best completes each of the sentences below. Change the grammatical form of the word or phrase if necessary.
poll, to estimate, abstention, deciding, to turn out, to cast, count, to take, turnout, majority, to win, rate, ballot box, Labour, to defeat, the polls, to outvote, to abstain, secret, to cost, ballot, landslide, to split, to poll

1. 
   France ….. on that issue.
   
2. 
   Voting will be by secret ….. .
   
3. 
   The NLD ….. a landslide victory in the elections five months ago.
   
4. 
   He ….. 23,579 votes.
   
5. 
   The new environmental party ….. the liberal vote.
   
6. 
   The proposal ….. by 767 votes to 121.
   
7. 
   This policy ….. her thousands of votes.
   
8. 
   We're trying to encourage young people to go to ….. .
   
9. 
   They are determined to win power through the ….. , not by violence.
   
10. 
    I voted ….. at the last election.
    
11. 
    Yet statistics show voter ….. sliding down.
    
12. 
    About 70% of the population ….. for the election.
    
13. 
    By the end of the day, less than 40% of the population ….. their votes.
    
14. 
    But 26 million voters, or 69 % of the electorate, ….. .
    
15. 
    In 1972 Richard Nixon became the first Republican to win a ….. of Catholic votes.
    
16. 
    The Senate had already approved the treaty on Sept. 17 by 176 votes to 16 with one ….. .
    
17. 
    Why do you think we should ….. a vote on that?
    

7. Translate these sentences. Give synonymous translations if possible.

1. 
   Он всегда голосовал за консерваторов.
   
2. 
   Я предлагаю провести голосование по этому вопросу.
   
3. 
   Я предлагаю поставить вопрос на голосование.
   
4. 
   Их предложение было отвергнуто в результате голосования.
   
5. 
   Десять членов местного совета воздержались при голосовании.
   
6. 
   На выборы явилось более половины всех избирателей.
   
7. 
   Кандидат от Лейбористской партии получил 60% всех голосов.
   
8. 
   Явка избирателей на выборы приблизительно составила 52%.
   
9. 
   Консерваторы победили с незначительным / большим преимуществом / с преимуществом в 5000 голосов.
   
10. 
    Наша партия имеет абсолютное большинство в парламенте.
    
11. 
    В избирательной урне было обнаружено большое количество недействительных бюллетеней.
    
12. 
    Если правящая партия будет проводить такую политику в области образования, то избиратели проголосуют против ее кандидатов на следующих выборах.
    
13. 
    Их предложение было принято путем голосования.
    
14. 
    Жителей города приглашают прийти на избирательные участки, чтобы выразить свое отношение к политике, проводимой местными органами власти.
    
15. 
    Подобная политика стоила их партии большого количества голосов.
    
16. 
    У председателя всегда есть право решающего голоса.
    
17. 
    На последних президентских выборах был высокий процент воздержавшихся при голосовании.
    
18. 
    У правящей партии большинство в парламенте.
    
19. 
    Для преодоления вето президента требуется квалифицированное большинство членов парламента.
    
20. 
    Для избрания кандидату необходимо набрать простое большинство голосов.
    

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