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86
The system of the quality control over medical health care
has been
improved. A compulsory licensing of
medical and pharmaceutical activities has
been introduced. More than 1000 clinical
protocols on diagnosis and treatment of 24
disease groups, grounded on evidence-based
medicine and cost-effectiveness analysis of
medical care, have been elaborated and
introduced.
Disabled persons, patients with tuberculosis, AIDS, systemic diseases of
connective tissue, cancer and hematologic diseases, diabetes mellitus,
epilepsy and some other serious diseases are provided with free medicines.
Children and pregnant women with phenylketonuria are provided with free
medicinal nutrition mixtures.
The country
ensures
sanitary-epidemic well-being (безопасность) of the
population. In accordance with the National Immunization Schedule, the
vaccination of the population is carried out. The level of the preventive
vaccination coverage has reached 97
–
98%. In 2011, viral hepatitis
incidence rate was 3.0 per 100, 000 population (in 2002 – 750.0 per 100,
000 population). No diphtheria cases were registered in 2011 (1 case – in
2010). Since 2004 a tendency to the decrease of tuberculosis incidence rate
has been observed. In 2011 this indicator was 42.8 per 100, 000 population
(in 2004 – 55.4 per 100, 000 population).
High-tech medical services
are rendered not only at the national level, but
also in the regions on the basis of the regional hospitals.
Achievements of the health care system of Belarus have been recognized
by the World Health Organization as the highest ones among the CIS
countries.
The
main purpose of the health care system
for the future is to stabilize
and to further improve the medical and demographic situation in the
country, as stipulated in the Directions of the Strategic Development of
Health Care of the Republic of Belarus for 2011
–
2015.
The
main objectives
of the healthcare system for 2011
–
2015 also include
the improvement of people's health indicators by further advancing the
quality of medical services, and ensuring common standards of state-
subsidized medical assistance to every person regardless of his/her place of
residence.
A separate area of the state efforts is expansion of the export of medical
services. By 2015 it should grow fivefold against 2010.
87
Text vocabulary
advance
продвигать, развивать
AIDS
СПИД (синдром приобретенного
иммунодефицита)
compulsory licensing
обязательное лицензирование
coverage
охват
disabled person
инвалид
expansion
расширение
fivefold
в пять раз
incidence rate
заболеваемость
introduction
of
the
general
practitioner’s
practice
введения службы врача общей
практики
nutrition mixtures
питательные смеси
overcoming
the
consequences
преодоление последствий
people's
health
indicators
показатели здоровья населения
place of residence
место жительства
pregnant women
беременные женщины
schedule
график
III. Answer the questions.
1.
Did
infant mortality rate decrease significantly during the period
1991
–
2011?
2.
What was life expectancy in 2011?
3.
Since what time has the process of health care reforming in
Belarus become systemic?
4.
What is a distinctive feature of the national health care system?
5.
What helps to increase the efficiency of the branch?
6.
How is restructuring of the branch carried out?
7.
Has the system of the quality control over medical health care
been improved?
8.
What population categories are provided with free medicines?
9.
Is the level of the preventive vaccination in Belarus high?
10.
Where are high-tech medical services rendered?
11.
What is the main purpose
of the health care system for the future?
88
12.
What do the main objectives of the healthcare system for 2011
–
2015 include?
IV. Speak about achievements of the Health Care System of the Republic
of Belarus. Use the following plan.
1.
Infant mortality rate.
2.
Natural population loss.
3.
Life expectancy.
4.
Programme-oriented planning.
5.
The system of the quality control.
6.
Preventive vaccination.
7.
High-tech medical services.
8.
Main objectives of the health care system for the future.
89
PART I
VOCABULARY
I.
Remember the following words and phrases and use them as much as
possible in your topic.
Active Vocabulary
Образование – Education
иметь квалификацию
to be qualified
as
a …
иметь успехи в чем-либо
to do well
in
smth
окончить университет (с
отличием)
to graduate
from
the university
(
with
honors)
получить диплом
to be awarded a diploma
получить направление на
работу в …
to get work appointment
to
…
получить образование в …
to get education
at
…
приобретать опыт в чем-либо
to gain experience
in
…
студенческая научная
конференция
участвовать в студенческих
научных конференциях
students’ scientific conference
to participate
in
the students’
scientific conferences
студенческое научное общество
быть членом студенческого
научного общества
students’ scientific society
to be a member of the
students’ scientific society
учиться в … на факультете ….
to study
at
…,
at
the faculty
of
…
Профессиональная деятельность – Professional activities
работать на кафедре … в
качестве …
to work
at
the department
of … as
a …
отвечать за что-либо
to be responsible
for
…
проводить практические
занятия
to conduct / run practical classes
90
читать лекции
to deliver lectures
обеспечивать подготовку по …
to provide training
in
…
Обучение в аспирантуре / магистратуре – Postgraduate training
автореферат
author’s abstract of dissertation
актуальность
topicality
аспирант / магистрант
postgraduate doctoral (student) /
Master’s degree student
аспирантура / магистратура
учиться в аспирантуре /
магистратуре
postgraduate doctoral course /
Master’s Degree programme
to take a postgraduate doctoral
course
/
Master’s
Degree
programme
диссертация
писать диссертацию
защита диссертации
защитить диссертацию
тема диссертации
докторская диссертация
кандидатская диссертация
магистерская диссертация
thesis, dissertation
to write a thesis
defence of a thesis
to defend a thesis
thesis subject
Doctoral thesis
PhD thesis
Master’s thesis
кандидатский минимум
qualifying
(comprehensive)
examination for the candidate’s
degree
новизна
novelty, newsness
Ученые степени – Academic degrees
кандидат наук
доктор наук
Candidate of Sciences (PhD)
Doctor of Sciences (D.Sc)
соискатель
applicant
for
a degree
ученая степень
докторская степень
степень кандидата наук
присвоить / получить степень
academic degree
Doctoral (Doctor’s) degree
Candidate’s degree
to award (confer) / to take a
degree
on
Исследовательская деятельность
–
Research