Файл: Семенчук И.В., Деревлёва Н.В., Князева Ю.В. - Учимся читать рефераты научных медицинских статей на англ. яз.- НОВ.pdf
ВУЗ: Не указан
Категория: Не указан
Дисциплина: Не указана
Добавлен: 03.11.2019
Просмотров: 3035
Скачиваний: 7
76
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to examine changes in bone mineral
density (BMD) in the hip, lumbar spine and hand in patients with early IBP and to
look for possible biomarkers associated with this change.
METHODS
In 30 patients with early IBP BMD was assessed using dual energy
X-ray absorptiometry at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Further imaging performed
included MRI of the sacroiliac joints (SIJs) and spine at baseline and X-rays of the
SIJs at baseline and after 8 years.
RESULTS
After 12 months no significant reduction in hip, spine and hand BMD
was seen at the group level. However, hip bone loss was found to be associated
with raised baseline C-reactive protein levels, baseline MRI bone marrow oedema
of the SIJs and the presence of radiographic sacroiliitis after 8 years. No
association was found with change in spine and hand BMD.
CONCLUSION
Systemic bone loss in the hip is an early feature of the
inflammatory disease process in patients with IBP in undifferentiated
spondyloarthropathy. These data highlight the importance of aggressive
intervention in the early stages of disease in undifferentiated spondyloarthropathy.
undifferentiated – недифференцированный
highlight – указывать на
aggressive intervention – агрессивное вмешательство
C. CLOSED REDUCTION METHODS FOR TREATING DISTAL
RADIAL FRACTURES IN ADULTS
Handoll G, Madhok R
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2003, Issue 1
OBJECTIVES
To examine effectiveness of different methods of closed reduction
for displaced fractures of the distal radius in adults.
METHODS
We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,
MEDLINE, and conference proceedings. Randomised or quasi-randomised
clinical trials were included. We also considered the use or not of anaesthesia.
MAIN RESULTS
Three trials involving a total of 404 adults with displaced
fractures of the distal radius were included.
The first trial found no statistically significant differences between mechanical
reduction using finger trap traction and manual reduction in anatomical outcomes.
All participants of this trial were given intravenous regional anaesthesia.
77
The second trial compared a novel non-anaesthetised method of manual reduction
involving counter-traction versus traditional manual reduction under intravenous
regional anaesthesia. No differences in anatomical outcome were detected.
The third study compared mechanical reduction involving a special device without
anaesthesia versus manual reduction under local anaesthesia Both methods yielded
similar radiological results.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
There was insufficient evidence from randomised
controlled trials to establish the relative effectiveness of different methods of
closed reduction used in the treatment of displaced fractures of the distal radius in
adults.
conference proceedings – материалы конференций
finger trap traction – вытяжение пальца кости
special device – специальное устройство, аппарат
D. MRI FOR DETECTION OF ABSCESS IN ACUTE OSTEOMYELITIS
OF THE PELVIS IN CHILDREN
Susan A. Connolly, Leonard P. Connolly, Laura A. Drubach et al
American Journal of Roentgenology, 2007, Vol. 189, Issue. 4, pp. 867-872
OBJECTIVE
We analyzed our experience with MRI of pelvic acute
hematogenous
osteomyelitis (AHO) to address the following questions: What
does
MRI reveal about bone involvement? How often are fluid
collections indicative of
abscess shown?
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed the imaging
studies
and medical records from the past 5 years of 38 children ranging
in age
from 25 to 211 months who were diagnosed with pelvic
osteomyelitis using MRI.
Statistical analysis of demographic
and clinical variables was compared between
patients with an
abscess (
n
= 21) and those without (
n
= 17) who were identified
on
MRI.
RESULTS
Osteomyelitis involved metaphyseal equivalent sites
in every case (
n
=
38), with single bone involvement in 24 (63%)
and contiguous bone involvement
in the remaining 14 (37%). Fluid
collections indicative of an abscess were seen in
21 cases (55%),
and abscess drainage was performed in 10 (26%).
CONCLUSION
Childhood pelvic AHO is relatively uncommon and
produces
variable signs and symptoms that are often attributed
to another process. The
results of our study show the ability
of MRI to provide additional information that
affected patient
management in cases of pelvic abscess. We therefore advocate
the
use of MRI for any child suspected
of having pelvic AHO.
78
predictive of – предсказывающий; предвещающий
abscess drainage – дренирование абсцесса
therefore – поэтому, следовательно
advocate – поддерживать
79
Выучите слова и выражения, наиболее часто употребляемые в
рефератах:
1.
adverse effect
побочное действие
2.
anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies aнтитела к тиреоидной пероксидазе
3.
autoimmune thyroid diseases
аутоиммунная болезнь щитовидной
железы
4.
autoimmunity
аутоиммунная реакция (на
аутоантигены), аутоиммунность
5.
breast cancer
рак молочной железы
6.
celiac disease
глютеновая болезнь, глютеновая
энтеропатия
7.
curative
лечебный
8.
diabetes mellitus
сахарный диабет
9.
fine-needle aspiration
аспирация иглой, аспирационная
диагностическая пункция
10.
genetic haemochromatosis
генетический гемохроматоз
80
11.
gluten-free diet
безглютеновая диета
12.
hypopituitarism
гипофункция гипофиза
13.
hypophysis (
Syn.
pituitary)
гипофиз
14.
hypothyroidism
гипотиреоз
15.
induction of the antibodies
индуцирование образования антител
16.
radiosurgery
радиохирургия (применение лучевой
терапии в сочетании с оперативным
вмешательством)
17.
radiotherapy
лучевая терапия
18.
thyroid hormones
гормоны щитовидной железы,
тиреоидные гормоны
19.
thyropathy
тиреопатия
20.
titre of antithyroid antibodies
титр антитиреоидных антител
Упражнение 1. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обратите
внимание на перевод выделенных слов
1.
The ultrasonographic evaluation of the thyroid resulted in a pathological score
in 9 patients of the 19 examined untreated patients, suggesting the presence of
thyropathy
.
2.
In one large study Edwards et al. (1983) observed primary
hypothyroidism
in
6.1% of cases; all subjects were male and had elevated
titres of antithyroid
antibodies
.
3.
Celiac disease
(CD) is associated with
autoimmune thyroid disease.
4.
Autoimmune and nonautoimmune thyroid diseases were investigated in patients
with
breast cancer
.