Файл: Семенчук И.В., Деревлёва Н.В., Князева Ю.В. - Учимся читать рефераты научных медицинских статей на англ. яз.- НОВ.pdf
ВУЗ: Не указан
Категория: Не указан
Дисциплина: Не указана
Добавлен: 03.11.2019
Просмотров: 3029
Скачиваний: 7
66
Выучите слова и выражения, наиболее часто употребляемые в
рефератах:
1.
advance (-s)
прогресс, достижения
2.
common bile duct
общий желчный проток
3.
obstruction
закупорка
4.
concomitant diseases
сопутствующие болезни
5.
drug-induced
вызванный лекарством
6.
duodenal ulcer
язва двенадцатиперстной кишки
7.
eradication therapy
радикальное лечение
8.
false-negative results
ложноотрицательные результаты
9.
false-positive diagnosis
ложноположительный диагноз
10.
gastric hypersecretion
желудочная гиперсекреция
11.
heal
заживать, рубцеваться
12.
hepatitis
гепатит
67
13.
inflammatory
воспалительный
14.
jaundice
желтуха
15.
make a diagnosis
ставить диагноз
16.
manifestation
проявление
17.
pancreas
поджелудочная железа
18.
pancreatitis
панкреатит, воспаление
поджелудочной железы
19.
perforation
перфорация, прободение
20.
persistent
постоянный, стойкий, устойчивый
21.
preoperative
предоперационный
22.
relapse
рецидив
23.
resection
резекция, иссечение
24.
urgent appendectomy
неотложная аппендэктомия
25.
utilization
использование, применение
Упражнение 1. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обратите
внимание на перевод выделенных слов
1.
Rising
utilization
of
preoperative CT
and
advances
in technology coincided
(совпали) with a decrease in the negative appendectomy
rate for women 45
years and younger but not in men of any age or women older than 45 years.
2.
Advaces
in technology correlated with a reduction in
false-positive diagnoses
.
3.
Jaundice
occurring in patients with
pancreatitis
is usually due to
hepatocellular
injury.
68
4.
Common bile duct obstruction
is occasionally caused by
pancreatic
fibrosis,
edema or pseudocyst (ложная киста) in patients who have neither
hepatocellular injury nor biliary tract disease.
5.
Operative intervention is required in those patients in whom
jaundice
is
persistent
.
6.
Mean prevalence of
Helicobacter pylori
infection in
duodenal ulcer
disease
was 81%.
7.
Autoimmune
pancreatitis
(AIP) is a chronic
inflammatory
condition of the
pancreas.
8.
The common
manifestation
of
autoimmune
pancreatitis
is obstructive
jaundice.
9.
The main reasons for the poorer prognosis in H. pylori–negative patients were
relapse
of ulcer or ulcer not
healed
.
10.
H. pylori–negative patients randomized to
eradication therapy
left the study
early.
11.
Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) constituted 1/4th of all
resections
performed
for benign conditions in North America.
Упражнение 2. Прочитайте рефераты медицинских статей. Передайте их
содержание на русском языке по схеме
А. HELICOBACTER PYLORI–NEGATIVE DUODENAL ULCERS:
PREVALENCE, CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS, AND PROGNOSIS-
RESULTS FROM A RANDOMIZED TRIAL WITH 2-YEAR FOLLOW-UP
Peter Bytzer, Peter Stubbe
The American Journal of Gastroenterology
,
2001, Vol. 96, pp.1409–1416
OBJECTIVE
The proportion of
Helicobacter pylori
–negative duodenal ulcer
disease appears to be increasing. Data on clinical outcome and prognosis in this
subgroup are lacking.
DESIGN
A blinded, randomised study
.
69
METHODS
276 randomly selected duodenal ulcer patients were studied. Patients
were followed up for a total of 2 years. Endoscopies for assessment of ulcer relapse
were done at 6 and 12 months.
H. pylori
status was assessed. Study staff were
blinded to
H. pylori
results.
RESULTS
Thirty-two (12%) patients were H. pylori-negative at entry. Only 28%
of the H. pylori–negative patients completed the study, as compared with 40% of
H. pylori–positive patients. The main reasons for the poorer prognosis in H.
pylori–negative patients were relapse of ulcer/ulcer not healed (35% vs 26%) and
relapse of severe dyspepsia symptoms without ulcer relapse (16% vs 7%). H.
pylori–negative patients randomized to eradication therapy left the study early
compared with H. pylori–negative patients randomized to long-term omeprazole
therapy.
CONCLUSIONS
Clinical outcome over 2 year is significantly poorer in H.
pylori–negative patients, especially if treated with eradication therapy. These
results suggest that H. pylori infection should be assessed in all duodenal ulcer
patients before treatment is decided.
at entry – при поступлении
B. AUTOIMMUNE PANCREATITIS: MORE THAN JUST A
PANCREATIC DISEASE? A CONTEMPORARY REVIEW OF ITS
PATHOLOGY
Deshpande V, Mino-Kenudson M, Brugge W, Lauwers GY
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine: September 2005; Vol.129, No.9
CONTEXT
Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a chronic inflammatory condition
of the pancreas constituting 1/4th of all resections performed for benign conditions
in North America.
OBJECTIVE
To review the clinical and characteristic histologic patterns of this
disease and discuss the extrapancreatic manifestations of AIP.
DESIGN
We searched the literature using MEDLINE, related conference
abstracts, and bibliographies of selected studies.
RESULTS
Autoimmune pancreatitis generally affects elderly individuals,
frequently presenting as obstructive jaundice and occasionally in association with
other autoimmune diseases. The disease can involve the bile ducts, gallbladder,
and kidney and can form inflammatory masses in the lungs. A prepancreatectomy
diagnosis can be made using a combination of clinical findings, elevated
immunoglobulin G4 levels, endoscopic fine-needle aspiration biopsy, and response
to steroids.
70
CONCLUSIONS
Despite significant evolution in our understanding of AIP, a
prepancreatectomy diagnosis remains a problem in the North American population.
contemporary – новый, современный
occasionally – иногда
fine-needle aspiration biopsy – биопсия тонко-игольной аспирацией
C. ANTI-TUBERCULOSIS DRUG-INDUCED HEPATITIS
WV Senaratne, MJ Pinidiyapathirage, G Perera, A Wickremasinghe
Ceylon Medical Journal Vol. 51(1), 2006, pp. 9-14
BACKGROUND
Most drugs can be metabolized with no hepatic damage;
however, new adverse reactions to anti-tuberculosis agents
are occurring each year.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the incidence of anti-tuberculosis drug-induced hepatitis
(AIH) in Sri Lankan patients, and to determine risk factors of AIH.
DESIGN
A prospective study.
SETTING
Chest Hospital, Welisara (Sri Lanka), from April 2001 to April 2002.
PATIENTS
783 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB).
METHODS
Treatment with
rifampicin
was started in all cases. AIH was
diagnosed when patients had elevated serum bilirubin.
RESULTS
Of all enrolled patients, 74 (9.5%) developed AIH, the majority (58%)
developing AIH within the first 2 weeks of the intensive phase of treatment. AIH
was more common among patients over 60 years, who developed pulmonary TB,
and in patients weighing 33-55 kg. Age, weight and
rifampicin
overdosage were
significant predictors of AIH.
CONCLUSIONS
The incidence of AIH in Sri Lanka is 9.5% in treated patients.
AIH was associated with age, low body weight and
rifampicin
overdosage.
Sri Lanka
–
Шри-Ланка
adverse reactions
–
побочные реакции