Файл: Posobie_Grammatika_Kulieva2009.doc

Ех. 2. Translate into English.

1. Я позвоню, как только доберусь домой.

2. Мы уйдём, как только прекратится дождь.

3. Ей интересно, будут ли эти цветы хорошо расти.

4. Никто не может сказать мне, будет ли врач работать сегодня. Если будет, то мне придется пойти на прием.

5. — Если Борис бросит курить, это пойдет ему на пользу. — Интересно, сможет ли он это сделать.

6. Если я сделаю неверный шаг, мне придется отвечать за это.

7. — Она будет сердиться, если узнает правду. — Я сомневаюсь, узнает ли она ее.

8. Если я буду в Нью-Йорке в мае, то мы обязательно встретимся. Но я не знаю, получу ли я визу вовремя.

9. Я не знаю, согласится ли Миша на эту работу. Если только не найдет что-то лучше.

10. Мы успеем на вокзал, если машина приедет вовремя.

Ех. 3. Put the verbs into the Present Simple, the Future Simple, the Future Perfect, the Future Con­tinuous or the Future Perfect Continuous Tense.

1. I'm going on holiday. This time next week I (lie) on a beach or (swim) in the sea.

2. By the time he arrives they (leave).

3. Don't phone me between 7 and 8. We (have) dinner then.

4. What you (do) these time next week? - I (work). It'll be Saturday. I always work on Saturdays. - You (work) all day? -I (work) till 5 o'clock.

5. She is ill now. By the first of April she ... (be in hospital for three weeks).

6. By this time next week, he (work) on his book for a year.

7. He has bought this TV-set on credit. He ... (pay) all the money by the 21^st of August.

8. By next year we (live) in this city for twenty-five years.

9. I think she (hear) all about it by the time I (see) her.

10. I promise, I (finish) this book by the weekend and then I (give) it to you.

11. I think they (finish) building the house by the time the win­ter (come) and then we (move in) by the New Year.

12. You (have) lunch with me tomorrow? - I'd love to, but I'm afraid I (do) my exam at that time.

13. He spends all his spare time planting trees. He says that by the end of next year he (plant) more than one thousand.

14. I hope they (repair) this road by the time we (come) here next summer.

15. Would you like to come over for dinner on Sunday? - Well unfortunately, I (work) all day and I (be) very tired.

16. Do you realize that on September 15, you (repair) our car for three months?

Ех. 4. Translate into English using the Future Simple, the Future Perfect, the Future Continuous or the Future Perfect Continuous Tense.

1. Я полагаю, что мы решим этот вопрос к концу сентября.

2. Когда ему исполнится 23, он закончит институт.

3. К тому времени, как ты проснешься завтра утром, мы уже три часа будем сдавать экзамен.

4. Я закончу всю домашнюю работу, когда ты вернёшься.

5. Вы поможете мне перевести эту статью? - Да. Но я сделаю это, когда закончу свою работу.

6. Мы закончим ремонт вашей машины к завтрашнему утру. Она будет готова к 11 часов.

7. Я надеюсь, что напишу дипломную работу к концу учебного года.

8. Решишь ли ты все свои проблемы до нашей встречи?

9. В это время завтра я буду сидеть в кафе.

10. Я возьму эту газету с собой. Я прочитаю её по до­роге на работу.

11. Я позвоню тебе в 9 часов. - Позвони мне позже. В это время я буду укладывать ребёнка спать.

12. К тому времени, как он придёт, все разъедутся.

13. К маю будет пять лет, как он водит эту ма­шину

14. Извини, я не встречу тебя завтра. Я буду работать весь день.

15. К первому сентября этого года я уже десять лет буду работать в этом университете.

16. В июле будет год, как они женаты.

Ех. 5. Read the sentences and comment on the ways future actions can be expressed.

1. Their plane (arrive) at two o'clock in the morning.

2. The sun (rise) at 5.30 tomorrow.

3. She (make) a speech at the conference next week.

4. I (go) to town next week.

5. I think it (go) to rain.

6. Alison (go) to enter the university this year.

7. This Saturday Nora (celebrate) her birthday.

8. Who (go) to be the next to take the floor?

9. The bus (leave) at eight twenty.

10. The meeting ( start) at half past seven.

11. We (visit) the festival in June.

12. My friend (call) here tomorrow morning.

13. We (go) to eat in the restaurant in the evening.

14. My classes (begin) at 8 o’clock.

15. We (leave) tonight.

16. I (call) you tomorrow.

Ex. 6. Put the verbs into the present continuous or the present simple.

Emma: (►) Are you doing (you / do) anything tonight?

Matthew: Yes, (1)…………………………….. (I / go) to the station to meet my friend Richard. (2)……………………………… (he / stay) here for the weekend, remember? His train (3)………………… (get) in at eight fifteen.

Emma: Oh, of course. I'd forgotten about that.

Matthew: Maybe we'll see you later. What (4)……………… (you / do) tonight?

Emma: Oh, (5) …… (I / go) to the cinema with Vicky and Rachel and a couple of other people. The film (6)…… (finish) quite early , so (7)……. (we / go) to a pizza place afterwards.

Ex. 7. Use the Future Perfect Continuous.

1. The children (play) out of doors the whole evening till their parents return home.

2. By the time he arrives, I (pick) apples in our garden for two hours.

3. My mother (sit) in front of the TV-set for the whole evening till I come home.

4. By the end of this year I (live) in England for three years.

5. I (cook) for a few hours before the quests arrive.

Ex. 8. Use the Future Perfect Continuous or the Future Perfect. Note where both are possible.

1. By the end of March he (live) here for three years.

2. They (have) lunch by the time we arrive.

1. I (work) for this company for thirty years by the end of October.

2. By July I (learn) English for three years.

3. They (stay) here for five weeks by Monday.

4. By tea time she (play) tennis for three hours.

5. By next June Ann (study) in London for a year.

6. The children (sleep) for eight hours by breakfast time.

7. How long you (study) in this group by February?

8. I (write) my homework by six o'clock.

9. They (complete) the new bridge by the end of the year.

10. By the end of this week, I (wait) three months for my car to be repaired.

11. I hope I (finish) this report by the end of the day.

19. By the end of the year he (climb) 10 mountains. He (climb) for 10 years by that time.

20. By the end of this month I (save) for thee years, and I hope I (bye) a new car by my wife's birthday.

THE TENSES OF THE PASSIVE VOICE

Tense Revision (Active Voice)

Ex. 1. Choose the correct word or phrase in each sentence.

1. When did you last go/have you last been to the cinema? 2. We'd better wait here until the rain stops/will stop. 3. I've finished my exams, so I'm having/I have a party tomorrow. 4. Why do you stare/are you staring at me like that? - You look /are looking beautiful today. 5. When the phone rang I had/was having coffee in the kitchen. 6. I can't go out because I haven't finished/ I didn't finish my homework yet. 7. How long are you working/have you been working here? 8. I'm waiting for Kate. Have you seen / Did you see her? 9. Your suitcase looks very heavy. Will I/Shall I help you? 10. When I was a child, I used to ride/was riding a tricycle. 11. What do you do/are you doing! - I'm a student. 12. When we arrived home, it already stopped/had stopped raining and the children sat/were sitting outside the door waiting for us. 13. At the beginning of the film I realized that I saw/had seen it before. 14. I'll get in touch with you as soon as I know/will know the results. 15. I'm sorry, I can't talk long. I study/am studying for an examination. 16. I stay /am staying at the Hotel Superior. Why don't you call me? 17. "What did you do/were you doing when you saw the snake?" - I ran away! 18. By the time the police get there, the burglars will have vanished/vanished. 19. I'm sorry I haven't written/I didn't write to you lately, but I've been working / worked hard this term. 20. When I was on holiday last summer, I was going/went to the beach every day and lie/was lying in the sun since morning till afternoon.

The Passive voice

Страдательный залог

be + Past Participle (V3)

Ex. 2. Change the following sentences into the Passive Voice.

A. Using the Indefinite Tenses (give two forms where possible).

Example: Tom gave her a book. — She was given a book. The book was given to her.

1. He broke my watch. 2. The teacher explained the rule to the students. 3. He often asks me to help them. 4. They usually do written exercise in class. 5. She will make a new discovery soon. 6. Steve will make a report at the conference. 7. They play tennis all year round, 8. His friends never forgave his betrayal, 9. The manager offers me several jobs. 10. They will promise you much, but don't imagine they will give you everything. 11. His parents regularly sent him parcels with fruit from their garden. 12. They will give me a leave in July if there is no urgent work. 13. The Spanish government offered Columbus three ships, 14. They usually send their children to camp for summer. 15. The officer charged him with a very important mission, 16. I'm sure we'll settle the matter easily. 17. The policeman fined the driver for exceeding the speed limit 18. Somebody calls her every day. 19. We request the passengers leaving for London to register. 20. The manager will sign contracts tomorrow.

B. Using the Continuous Tenses.

Example: They are solving a difficult problem now. — The problem is being solved now.

1. Don't come in! The professor is examining students. 2. Can I read the article? — No, the secretary is typing it. 3. We had to hurry. They were waiting for us. 4. It was noisy. Nobody was listening to him. 5. Does he realize that they are laughing at him? 6, Look at this man. I think he is following us. 7. Listen carefully! He is giving a very interesting talk. 8. The waiter is serving us rather fast, 9. The secretary was looking through morning mail. 10. The interpreter is translating their conversation rather well. 11. The briefing is in full swing. The correspondents are interviewing the participants of the conference. 12, The company was developing a new project. 13. You can't watch the film now. The mechanic is fixing the TV set.

C.Uusing the Perfect Tenses

Example: They have already brought the medicine. — The medicine has already been brought.

1. You have repaired our house lately. 2. When the fire brigade came, the fire had destroyed the building. 3. The athlete has shown much better results since this coach trains him, 4.1 will have answered all the business letters by noon. 5. The president of the board has signed the document. 6. Is she washing the floor? — No, she has already washed it. 1, By his arrival they had repaired his car. 8. He has booked the tickets and the clerk will have brought them by 2 o'clock. 9. They had painted the house by his arrival. 10. The police haven't found the reason for the accident yet. 11. Have you touched anything here? 12, The sociologist has interviewed a lot of students. 13. Have they tested all the machines? 14. The flood has caused considerable damage, 15. John will have received the papers by tomorrow.

D. Using modal verbs.

Example: He can do this work. — The work can be done (by him).

1. She can find a job easily. 2, The matter is urgent. They should phone her immediately. 3. The boss wants Mr. Black. You must find him. 4. I can make an interesting offer to you. 5. He's get a pay rise and low they can buy a new house. 6. You must send the document as quickly as possible. 7. The weather is warm. She may plant the flowers. 8. The document is of great importance. He must show it to us. 9. He must give back the book on Sunday. 10. Their kitchen is large and they can use it as a dining room. 11. Ecologists say that we should take care of our planet", 12. You must send for the doctor immediately. 13. The lecture is over. You may ask questions. 14. You should avoid the center of town during¹ rush hours. 15. They agreed that the club should raise membership fee.

Ex. 3. Choose the correct grammar form to translate a predicate.

1. Этот дом был построен в прошлом году.

a) was being built

b) has been built

c) was built

2. Сейчас здесь строится новый супермаркет.

a) is being built

b) is building

c) is built

3. На этой неделе преподаватель объяснил (препо­давателем был объяснен) новый материал.

a) had been explained

b) was explained

c) has been explained

4. Новое здание института уже построили, когда я поступила на юридический факультет.

a) was built

b) has been built