Файл: TOPICS.doc

Health centres
hospital		больница
surgery	[`s :d ri]	хирургия
polyclinic	[`pli`klinik]	поликлиника
ambulance	[`æmbjulns]	автомобиль (карета) скорой помощи
emergency	[`im:d nsi]	реанимация
chemist’s	[`kemists]	аптека
drug-store	[drgst:]	аптека
maternity home	[m`t:niti]	родильный дом
nursing centre	[`n:siη]	частная лечебница
Indisposition Недомогание
disease	[di`zi:z]	болезнь
illness	[`ilnis]	нездоровье, болезнь
sickness	[`siknis]	болезнь
injury	[`ind ri]	рана, ушиб
malady	[`mældi]	болезнь
ailment	[eilmnt]	недомогание
to be in poor /no/ critical condition		быть в плохом состоянии
to be weakened/indisposed	[`wi:knd] [`indis`pouzd]	быть ослабленным быть нездоровым, недомогать
Organs of body
lung	[lη]	легкое
heart	[ha:t]	сердце
liver	[`liv]	печень
kidney	[`kidni]	почка
stomach	[`stmk]	желудок
belly	[`beli]	живот
back	[bæk]	спина
backbone	[`bækboun]	позвоночник
knee	[ni:]	колено
brain	[brein]	мозг
Medicines [`medsins]
drug	[drg]	лекарство, медикамент
remedy	[`remidi]	лекарство
pill	[pil]	пилюля
capsule	[kæpsju:l]	капсула
tablet	[tæblit]	таблетка
powder	[`paud]	порошок
mixture	[`mikst]	микстура
drops	[drps]	капли
pain killer	[`pein`kil]	болеутоляющее средство
medical herb	[h:b]	лечебная трава
tranquilizer	[`trækwilaiz]	успокаивающее средство
Medical appliances [`plainsiz] приборы
bandage	[`bændid ]	бинт
syringe	[`sirind ]	шприц
thermometer	[`mmit]	градусник
plaster	[pla:st]	пластырь
Symptoms [`simptomz]
pain	[pein]	боль
chest pain		боль в грудной клетке
ache	[eik]	боль
stomach ache		боли в желудке
head ache		головные боли
belly ache		боли в животе
ear ache		боли в ухе
temperature	[`temprit]	температура
fever	[`fiv]	жар, лихорадка
inflammation	[,infl`mein]	воспаление
sore eyes	[s:]	воспаленные глаза
sore throat	[`rout]	больное горло
sore back		боли в спине
insomnia	[in`smni]	бессонница
bleeding		кровотечение
cough	[kf]	кашель
sneezing	[`sni:zi]	чихание
running nose		насморк
vomit	[`vmit]	рвота
diarrhea	[,dai`ri]	понос
dizziness	[`dizinis]	головокружение
giddiness	[`gidinis]	головокружение
sleepiness	[`slipinis]	сонливость
fatigue	[f`ti:g]	усталость, переутомление
rash		сыпь
Complaints Жалобы
giddy to feel dizzy faint	[feint]	головокруж. чувствовать головокруж. обморок
to fall ill		заболевать
to suffer from	[`sf]	страдать от
to complain of/about	[km`plein]	жаловаться на
to have pain in		чувствовать боль в
to catch cold		простудиться
to have a heart attack		иметь сердечный приступ
to have a running/stuffed-up nose	[`stftp]	иметь заложенный нос
to have a nervous break down	[`n:vs `breikdawn]	находиться в состоянии нервного срыва
to be depressed/tired	[taid]	быть подавленным/уставшим
to lose appetite	[`æpitait]	потерять аппетит
to have a chill	[til]	простудиться
Diseases
flu/influenza	[,influ`enz]	грипп
quinsy	[`kwinzi]	ангина
grippe	[grip]	грипп
bronchitis	[br`kaitis]	бронхит
food poisoning	[`pizni]	пищевое отравление
indigestion	[,indi`d stn]	несварение (нарушение пищеварения)
ear infection		ушная инфекция
blood pressure (BP)	[bld `pre]	кровеносное давление
sun-stroke	[`sn`strouk]	солнечный удар
cancer	[`kæns]	рак
Doctor’s activity
to test/take blood pressure		измерять кровеносное давление
to examine/feel the pulse	[pls]	прощупать пульс
to sound the heart/lungs		прослушать сердце/легкие
to make an injection		сделать укол (инъекцию)
to write a prescription/ to prescribe		выписывать рецепт
to do x-ray		делать рентген
to do blood test		делать анализ крови
Medical specialists
general practitioner (GP)	[præk`tin]	терапевт
surgeon	[`sd n]	хирург
pediatrician	[pi:di`trin]	педиатр
physio therapist	[fizi`erpist]	физиотерапевт
psychiatrist	[sai`kaitrist]	психиатр
dentist		стоматолог
nurse	[n:s]	медсестра
neurologist	[nju`rld ist]	невропатолог
ophthalmologist	[fæl`mld ist]	офтальмолог
pharmacist	[`fa:msist]	фармацевт
Other medical terminology
in-patient	[in`peint]	стационарный больной
out-patient	[aut`peint]	амбулаторный больной
check-up		обследование
sick note/sick list		больничный лист
sick-leave		отпуск по болезни
to treat	[tri:t]	лечить
to cure	[kju]	вылечивать
to recover	[ri`kv]	выздоравливать

Exercises The following words are often confused

Verb	Noun	Adjective
to hurt	-	-
to ache	an ache	-
to injure	an injury	injured
-	a pain	painful
to wound [wu:nd]	a wound	wounded

People are wounded in wars or in a fight, and injured in an accident. Both are more serious that hurt.

Ache as a noun is mainly found in the following compounds: backache, earache, headache, stomachache, toothache. For other parts of the body we say a pain in my elbow, etc.

An ache is dull and continuous; a pain can be more extreme and more sudden.

When ache and hurt are used as verbs, it is more common to find them in the Present Simple that the Present Continuous to describe pain now: My leg hurts.

Ex. 1. Fill each gap with one of the words from the chart in the correct form.

1. The France football captain has … his ankle, and won’t be playing in next week’s international against Argentina. 2. The soldier had a bullet (пуля) … in his thigh ([ai] бедро). I have a terrible … in my chest. 4. When I cough, it really … . 5. Two people died and ten were … in a train crash yesterday. 6. I played tennis for the first time this year yesterday. Today my whole body … . 7. Two football fans were seriously … in a knife attack by rival fans earlier today. 8. Please don’t touch my ankle. It’s too … to move. 9. Doctor: I want to feel your bones. If it … , tell me and I’ll stop.

Ex. 2. Translate the sentences paying attention to the use of synonyms.

to treat – лечить (процесс)

to cure – вылечить (результат)

to recover - выздоравливать

1. The doctors treated the patients attentively. They treated her for cancer. She was treated with antibiotics. 2. His cough is completely cured. It’s difficult to cure the patient, the disease is incurable. 3. You’ll recover from your illness soon, if you follow the doctor’s advice. He recovered his health after having a long rest in the Crimea.

Ex. 3.Match the words in the box with their definitions. Use a dictionary if necessary.

disease ailment malady sickness illness

the state or condition of being sick, whether in body or mind:
the state of being sick /ill health /inclination to vomit /stomach distress;
a particular kind of illness with special symptoms and name;
disease /physical disorder;
disease /illness (also social, spiritual).

Ex. 4. Choose between “illness” and “disease”.

1. What did he die of? Did he suffer from any chronic … or complications after a serious …? 2. The … was catching and the doctor said he would put me on the sick-leave. 3. The grippe, scarlet fever and measles are catching … . 4. His … prevented him from going to the University.

Ex. 5.Supply the missing word from the box:

1. One can ___ drugs. 2. One can ___ a prescription. 3. One can ___ a headache. 4. One can ___ feverish /sick. 5. One can ___ one’s hand. 6. One can ___ an injection. 7. One can ___ of poor health. 8. One can ___ ill. 9. One can ___ from the illness. 10. One can ___ some infection. 11. One can ___ the ambulance. 12. One can ___ a doctor.

take, have, feel, write, cut, be, fall, injure, prescribe, recover, send for, pick up, call

Ex. 6.Match the name of the doctor with the area in which he specializes.

1) a pediatrician	a) a doctor who treats animals only
2) a neurologist	b) a doctor who treats the intire family and who doesn’t specialize in only one area
3) a dentist	c) a doctor who treats people suffering from mental illness
4) a veterinarian (a vet)	d) a doctor whose job is to perform operations
5) a general practitioner	e) a doctor who treats eye problems
6) a surgeon	f) a person who is qualified to prepare and sell medicines
7) an ophthalmologist	g) a doctor who treats children only
8) a psychiatrist	h) a doctor who treats problems related to the nerves.
9) a plastic surgeon	i) a doctor who cares for teeth
10) a pharmacist	j) a doctor who performs cosmetic surgery