Файл: I am in love with english.doc

6. “I don’t know what to do with my son, he is such unreliable!”

“Get him a job in the meteorological department.”

7. “Is your wife economic?”

“Sometimes. She had only twenty-six candles on her fortieth birthday cake last night.”

8. “Herbert, is it possible what you are teaching the parrot to use slang?”

“No, mum. I was just telling him what not to say.”

9. Why were you kept in at school?”

“I didn’t know where were the Azores.”

“Well, in the future just remember where you put things.”

10. “Johnny, why do you late for school every morning?”

“Every time I come to the corner a sign says, “School – Go slow.”
F. Focus on phrasal verbs. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the phrasal verbs below:

a) turn off / pull over / pull up / fill up / pump up
I was driving my car the other day when I realised that it wasn't handling very well - the car didn't seem to respond well when I turned left or right. So, I found a quiet road and … . I checked the tyres and discovered that one of them was a little flat, so I got back in the car and drove to the nearest garage. When I … the attendant was waiting, so I … the engine and asked him to … the tyre that was a little flat and check the other ones. I also asked him to … the tank with petrol because I was running low. Five minutes later I was on my way again. I wish it were that easy to fix computer problems!
b) look after / dress up / tell off / bring up / grow up
The other day I was chatting to a friend about children. My friend has 2 teenage children whereas I have 1 child - a 10-month-old girl. We were discussing the fact that we had both been … by rather strict parents, and had both decided to try to be more tolerant when we … and had children of our own. The problem that he had found with this strategy was in finding a way to control his kids now that they were teenagers. He said that the fact that he had … them for more than 13 years, and provided them with all the love and money that he had, was not enough to persuade his children to respect his decisions - especially if the decision was to not spend a month's wages on the latest fashionable outfit, or not to allow them to go to an all-night party in another city. I thought about this and hit upon an idea. I told him how I would try to deal with the problem with my daughter; I would … her … in the frilliest and silliest clothes I could find (as most parents seem to do, anyway) and take a photo. Then, when she became a teenager and wanted to do all of those unreasonable things that teenagers want to do, I could threaten to show the photo to her friends - or, even worse, her boyfriend! My friend liked the idea and said "Wow! I think I have some photos like that of my kids". As he dashed out of the room to look for his family photo albums he continued "Thanks! I might never have to … them … again!"
HAPPY SAILING
1. Look at the photo and make up a funny dialogue between the cat and the dog .



2. Demanding Explanations

Sometimes we find ourselves in a situation where we have little control over what happens to us. For example, imagine you are flying to London, to catch a connection to New York. You get to London Heathrow and you have three hours to catch your connecting flight. But there is a strike of baggage handlers. There are thousands of people trying to get information but it is impossible. You cannot get any explanation for anything.

Eventually, after you have been waiting for 12 hours, a representative of the airline is prepared to tell you and your fellow travelers what they know.

Work in pairs with the information below, one student is the passenger, the other is the airline official. Use the phrases in the list:

Can you explain why…; Do you mean to say…; I don’t understand why…; Why is it that…; How come…; Does this mean…

Information available

• 
  There will be no definite information on departure for another two hours.
  
• 
  No meal vouchers will be available.
  
• 
  The airline cannot accept responsibility for baggage.
  
• 
  The airline will not pay for any hotel bills.
  
• 
  There is only one young man on duty giving information.
  
• 
  The aircraft is available and waiting to go; the problem is no baggage can be touched.
  

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At the end of your trip, write a letter of complaint to the Complaints Department, Customer Services, Air World.

3. 
   Arguments and Counter-arguments
   

Very often, when we have a plan, someone has an objection or a reservation. We then have to think up a counter-argument to try to persuade them.

In this dialogue the husband is trying to persuade his wife that they need a cottage in the country.

Him: Why don’t we buy a cottage in the country – somewhere we could go at weekends and for holidays. (Plan)

Her: That’s a good idea, but don’t you think the children will get bored – can’t you hear them – not the cottage AGAIN this summer! (Reservation)

Him: That’s probably true, but I think it would be nice for us, and after all, it won’t be long before they’ll want to go off with their own friends. (Counter-argument)

Work in pairs with the ideas below using these gambits:

Reservation: Yes, but…; Yes, but don’t forget…; That would be great, except…; That’s a good idea, but…

Counter-arguments: Even so…; Even if that is so…; That may be so, but…; That’s probably true, but…; Possibly, but…

• 
  take up skiing / don’t have the time or money / it would be fun, good exercise
  
• 
  buy a flat / can’t afford it / cheaper than paying rent
  
• 
  fly to Prague / cheaper to go by train / we’d lose a week of holiday just traveling, plus all the money on food
  
• 
  buy a new car – the old one’s rusty / we haven’t finished paying for the old one / the old one is dangerous
  
• 
  have a party / the neighbours would object / why not invite the neighbours
  
• 
  your plan / your reservation / your counter-argument
  

4. Write a short passage (100-120 words) describing a day that was important for you.
§ 4. Инфинитив. The Infinitive.
Мы уже неплохо знакомы с инфинитивом, его формами, значением и некоторыми конструкциями, в которых он употребляется. Теперь наступил момент, когда нужно расставить все точки над i. Приготовимся к самому трудному – запоминанию.

Прежде всего, нужно запомнить те глаголы, непосредственно после которых следует инфинитив:

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частью сказуемого:

The dwarf can swim.

It began to rain.

Или определением:

Tom gave me a book to read.

They thought that would be a good place to bring up the kids.

Причем в такой позиции употреблять надо активную форму инфинитива несмотря на то, что иногда «просится» пассивная. К тому же, в этой позиции инфинитив приобретает признак необходимости или возможности совершить действия:

Here is an article to translate. – Вотстатья, которуюнужноперевести.

Thisistheinformationtouseinthereport. – Это информация, которуюможно использовать в докладе.

Использовать инфинитив в качестве определения часто гораздо удобнее, чем придаточное предложение. Предложение становится заметно короче. Сравните:

The ogre has got a friend (the donkey) to discuss the matter with. = The ogre has got a friend (the donkey)with whom he can discuss the matter.

The book was too difficult for me to read. = The book was so difficult that I couldn’t read it.

These are the clothes for the witch to wash. = These are the clothes that the witch has to wash.

Обратите внимание, что в этой функции инфинитив может нести и оттенок модальности (возможности или необходимости сделать что-либо).

Очень часто встречается инфинитив в роли обстоятельства цели. Слово «чтобы» (in order) можно опустить:

She went to the airport (in order) to meet her sister.

He switched off the telephone (in order) not to be disturbed.

Слово too (слишком … чтобы) усиливает инфинитив в этой функции:

Sheistoohappytosayaword. – Она слишком счастлива, чтобы быть в состоянии говорить.

He is too sensible a driver to take risks.

The bag is too heavy for her to lift.

Запомним также модель предложений с enough (достаточно… чтобы)

He is careful enough not to take risks.

She was foolish enough to refuse.

Иногда инфинитив показывает на обстоятельства, сопутствующие действию. Вот так он это делает:

I finally found my watch, only to discover that it had stopped.

They came to the shore, only to discover that all their things had been stolen.

She came to the hospital to be told that her husband was better.

В предложениях со словом but в значении кроме инфинитив употребляется в компании с nothing или everything.

The old woman did nothingbut knit. – Старушкатолькоиделала, чтовязала.

The child is a genius – he can do everythingbut fly. – Ребенокпростогениален – всеумеетделать, развечтонелетает.

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Потренируемся?
* R. Murphy unit 53

* A.J. Thompson, A.V. Martinet exercises 68-74
Упражнение 1. Для начала вспомним, в каких конструкциях инфинитив употребляется в полном виде, а в каких – в голом. Поставьте частицу ‘to’ только там, где это необходимо.

1. 
   The witch likes … see the dentist twice a year. She considers healthy teeth … be very important for her.
   
2. 
   Of course, the donkey can … speak, but he is too embarrassed … speak in public.
   
3. 
   The ogre let the princess … go for a walk.
   
4. 
   Why are you always making me … do all the housework? It’s unfair. We should … share it.
   
5. 
   The donkey wasn’t allowed … speak.
   
6. 
   The ogre fell out with the donkey and didn’t want … see him.
   
7. 
   We would rather … go home.
   
8. 
   Everybody expected the ogre … eat the princess but he refused … do it.
   
9. 
   Would you like … have a snack? – No, thanks. I would prefer … drink a cup of coffee.
   
10. 
    You had better … take this medicine.
    
11. 
    The witch was upset as she couldn’t … find her recipe book.
    
12. 
    It was time for the dwarf … go for a swim.
    
13. 
    I’d like the pirates … help me find the treasure.
    
14. 
    Would you like … listen to my song?
    
15. 
    His joke made me … laugh.
    
16. 
    Pinocchio was made … tell the truth.
    
17. 
    You had better … refuse … talk with them about it.
    
18. 
    May I … have a look at your drawing?
    
19. 
    The ogre has … eat princesses because he needs … eat. He just can’t … change his diet.
    
20. 
    I’m not going … answer such a silly question.
    
21. 
    I would rather not … tell them the truth.
    
22. 
    I heard the hippo … sing in the bathroom.
    
23. 
    I’m planning … visit Rome.
    
24. 
    The lion used … live with his parents when he was a cub.
    
25. 
    As he had lost the key there was nothing … do but … break the door open.
    

Упражнение 2. Переведите предложения, используя инфинитив после глаголов, требующих его употребления.

а) глагол + инфинитив

1. 
   Гном решил пойти прогуляться в лес.
   
2. 
   Мы не можем позволить себе тратить время попусту.
   
3. 
   Я полагаю, что крокодил согласится помочь нам тащить бегемота из болота.
   
4. 
   Буратино заслуживает наказания.
   
5. 
   Не притворяйтесь, что не слышите меня.
   
6. 
   Врачи никогда не отказываются помочь больному.
   
7. 
   Как тебе удалось помириться с Бенджамином?
   
8. 
   Буратино обещал Папе Карло учиться хорошо.
   
9. 
   Отец пригрозил сыну, что накажет его за шалости (tricks).
   
10. 
    Принц не смог спасти принцессу от людоеда.
    
11. 
    Я не намерен ссориться с вами.
    
12. 
    Я не хочу огорчать родителей.
    
13. 
    Вам придется научиться контролировать себя.
    
14. 
    Шрек с Ослом планируют спасти принцессу из замка дракона.
    
15. 
    Он утверждает, что видел бегемота в луже.
    
16. 
    Король забыл отправить ведьме приглашение на бал.
    
17. 
    Я не хотел вас обидеть. Я только предлагал помочь вам.
    
18. 
    Лев притворился, что ничего не видел, и закрыл глаза.
    
19. 
    Мы не можем позволить себе такой риск (take risks).
    
20. 
    Ведьмы договорились (arrange) встретиться в полночь на горе.
    

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