Файл: Программа по английскому языку включает лексический и грамматический материал, необходимый для чтения и понимания литературы по специальности.doc

5. 
   Напишите форму множественного числа от данных существительных:
   

piano, knife, woman, child, deer, classroom, manservant, brother-in-law, bench, day, trout

6. 
   Поставьте выделенные существительные во множественное число. Произведите все необходимые изменения.
   

1.This is an English dictionary. 2.The last leaf fell from the tree. 3.Where is the brush? 4.The roof of the house with covered with snow. 5.There is a sheep in the field. 6.There is an angry wolf in the forest.

7. 
   Перепишите данные ниже предложения. Определите по
   

грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи является слово, оформленное окончанием -s, какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т.е. служит ли оно а) показателем 3л.ед.ч. в PresentIndefinite (PresentSimple), б) признаком множественного числа существительного, в) показателем притяжательного числа имени существительного. Предложения переведите.

1.The St. Petersburg technical University trains specialists in many fields. 2.Trains from Moscow arrive in St. Petersburg at the Moscow Railway Station. 3.Flats in new houses are very comfortable. 4.The Hermitage houses a big collection of Western European Art. 5.This problem needs a special approach. Our country’s needs in electricity will continue to grow.

8. 
   Вставьте вместо точек s, ‘s, s’, где необходимо.
   

1.This man was Paul… and Kate… teacher… of music. 2.My relatives spent a two week… holiday with the Barton… . 3.This winter… life was short but bright. 4.The boy… got their first week… salary and were very happy.

9. 
   Перепишите следующие предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения, и переведите их на русский язык.
   

1.There are more than 50 schools of higher learning in St. Petersburg. 2.Mathematics is as important for technical students as Physics. 3.This new apparatus is 4 times as powerful as the old one. 4.These machine tools are not so efficient as the new ones. 5.The more systematic are our studies, the deeper is our knowledge.

10. 
    Раскройте скобки и поставьте прилагательные в нужную степень.
    

1.Of the two sisters Mary is the (beautiful). 2.Which do you like (good), orange juice or lemon juice? 3.The Nile is the (large) river in Africa. 4.Let’s go by car. It’s (cheap) than by train. 5.This is (comfortable) room in my flat. It is (big) and (light) than other rooms. 6.Kate is the (young) of my five sisters.

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11. 
    Перепишите данные предложения, определите в них видо-временные формы глагола и укажите их инфинитив. Предложения переведите.
    

1.There is a wide system of extramural education in our country. 2.In two years, my friend will become a specialist in the field of radio engineering. 3.She got up, washed, had breakfast and went to school. 4.Our classes begin at 8.30. 5.We saw an interesting film yesterday.

12. 
    Перепишите и переведите приводимые ниже предложения. Поставьте их в отрицательную форму. Задайте общий и специальный вопросы к каждому предложению.
    

1.The Wilsons normally have breakfast at 7 o’clock. (When?) 2.Many people like to work in the garden. (Where?) 3.They went to the airport by car. (How?) 4.They chose books and magazines at the bookstall. (What?) 5.I shall know the result in a week. (When?) 6.He will buy a present to Mary for Christmas. (To whom?)

13. 
    Прочтите и устно переведите текст. Перепишите и письменно переведите 2-й абзац текста.
    

Junction Transistors

The junction transistor was one of the first types of transistor to come into commercial use, and many thousands are now used in electronic circuits. The junction transistor is a bipolar transistor, that is it employs both p-types and n-types semiconductor regions.

Early transistors were made from germanium, and were mainly of the p-n-p type. That is, they comprise a single crystal, which contains two p-regions and one n-region. One of the p-regions, known as an emitter, is of low resistivity material with a heavy impurity doping. The emitter is the source of charge carriers in the transistor. The central n-region is known as the base region of the transistor, and is a relatively pure** semiconductor of high resistivity. The base region is the control electrode or control region of the transistor. The second p-region, known as the collector region, has a lower conductivity than the emitter region, and is the region in which the mobile charge carriers are finally collected.

With the development of silicon devices, p-n-p transistors have come into more common usage. In the n-p-n transistor, the two extreme n-regions are the emitter and collector, respectively, while the central p-region is the base region.

NOTES: *junction transistor –плоскостной транзистор

**pure – чистый, без примесей

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Вариант 3

1. Вставьте в предложения глагол to be в форме единственного или множественного числа is/are.

1.Our furniture … getting old. 2.All my belongings … in my bag. 3.Physics … a compulsory subject at school. 4.Her jeans … black. 5.Billiards … played all over the world.
2. Употребите в данных предложениях личные местоимения.

1.That’s my notebook. Can I have … back, please? 2.Their tutor gives … a lot of homework. 3.Look! This is a photo of … with my friends. 4.Who’s that handsome man? I want to meet … . 5.We want to talk with our cousin William, but he is tired. He doesn’t want to speak with … . 6.Are you free? I want to speak with … .
3. Заполните пропуски притяжательными местоимениями в простой или абсолютной форме.

1.You don’t have enough time to wash … hair. 2.Our house is older than the Smiths’. … is smaller though. 3.Thomas met … wife at a college, but my wife is more intelligent than … . 4.I am sorry, this is not my jacket, … is brown. 5. It is cold in this room but in … it is even worse. We are freezing. 6.Materials can be classified according to … electrical properties.
4. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения, обращая внимание на перевод неопределенных местоимений и наречий.

1.Nobody missed lectures last week. 2.We did not find this magazine anywhere. 3.He knew nothing about this discovery. 4.Something happened to my TV set. 5.Everybody in England is proud of their traditions. 6.No one in the laboratory could tell us about the results of the experiments. 7.Our professor told us about some interesting facts from his practical work.
5. Напишите форму множественного числа от данных существительных:

box, hero, shelf, foot, tooth, goose, pocket-knife, woman-servant, family, fish, postman
6. Поставьте выделенные существительные во множественное число. Произведите все необходимые изменения.

1.The wife of the sailor came to the shore. 2.The story is thrilling. 3.The cargo of the steamer consists of different raw materials. 4.There is a new house in our street. 5.He keeps his toys in the box. 6.Put this knife on the table.
7. Перепишите данные ниже предложения. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи является слово, оформленное окончанием -s, какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т.е. служит ли оно а) показателем 3л.ед.ч. в PresentIndefinite (PresentSimple), б) признаком множественного числа существительного, в) показателем притяжательного числа имени существительного. Предложения переведите.

1.A friend of mine studies at our University. 2.This young engineer’s projects are very interesting. 3.Students do their practical work in well-equipped laboratories and studies. 4.He used the results of these analyses in

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his work. 5.Electricity lights our streets and houses. 6.Their institute houses both physical and chemical laboratories.
8. Вставьте s, ‘s, s’ вместо точек, где необходимо.

1.There was a moment... silence between them. 2.We could not explain the young girl… behaviour at yesterday… dinner. 3.Bob… friend… live in his parent… house. 4.What was the car… number?
9. Перепишите следующие предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения, и переведите их на русский язык.

1.The nearer is the summer, the longer are the days. 2.Winter in England is not so cold as it is in our country. 3.This new device operates several times faster than your old one. 4.To study well is as important as to work well. 5.The hottest days are in summer.
10. Раскройте скобки и поставьте прилагательные в нужную степень.

1.It is (bad) paper you have ever given me. 2.Cold weather is (pleasant) than wet weather. 3.Who is (happy) man in the world? 4.A car is (expensive) than a bicycle. 5.How can I get to the (near) post-office? 6.Hunger is the (good) cook.
11. Перепишите данные предложения, определите в них видо-временные формы глагола и укажите их инфинитив. Предложения переведите.

1.There were two universities in England in the early 13^th century – Oxford and Cambridge. 2.They usually buy newspapers in the morning. 3.For a long time London University had no library. 4.The students will take an active part in the preparation for the conference. 5.My friend attends lectures, classes and seminars at the University three times a week.
12. Перепишите и переведите приводимые ниже предложения. Поставьте их в отрицательную форму. Задайте общий и специальный вопрос к каждому предложению.

1.We usually do the shopping on Thursday. (What?) 2.Charles goes to the disco every Saturday. (How often?) 3.She gave him some medicine. (Whom?) 4.The train started at 9 o’clock. (When?) 5.We shall go to the theatre with Mary. (With whom?) 6.You will come here next month. (Where?)

13. Прочтите и устно переведите текст. Перепишите и письменно переведите 3-й абзац текста.

Semiconductors

A semiconductor is often defined as an electrical conductor that has a conductivity intermediate between that of an insulator and that of a metal. Some of the properties, which we now associate with semiconductors, have been known for a century or more. Little use was made of these properties, however, until the first decade of the last century, when practical semiconductor detectors were developed for radio reception.

Engineers and scientists turned their attention to semiconductors more than 40 years ago. They saw in them a means of solving an old engineering problem, namely, that of direct conversion of heat into electricity without boilers or machines.

The most important among the semiconductor devices, the transistors, were invented in 1948. Their invention and development resulted in the expanded use of semiconductor devices of all kinds. Semiconductor devices can usually perform all the elementary functions of oscillation, amplification, modulation and demodulation, rectification, etc. with greater economy of cost, space, and power, than can other devices such as vacuum tubes and relays. Semiconductor devices are used in measuring techniques, automatics, computers, radio and TV sets. A new industry – helioengineering* - has appeared. Solar batteries are successfully operating on sputniks and spaceships.

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NOTES: * helioengineering – гелиотехника

КОНТРОЛЬНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ № 2

RADIO ENGINEERING
Для правильного выполнения Задания № 2 необходимо усвоить следующие разделы грамматики английского языка по любым учебникам:

1. 
   Видо-временные формы глагола:
   

А) активный залог (The Active Voice) для форм Continuous (Present, Past, Future) и Perfect (Present, Past, Future)

Б) пассивный залог (the Passive Voice) для формы Indefinite (Present, Past, Future)

Особенности перевода на русский язык пассивного залога английских глаголов, имеющих предложное дополнение или дополнение без предлога.

2. 
   Модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты:
   

А) модальные глаголы can (could), may (might), выражающие возможность, и эквивалент модального глагола can – tobeable

Б) модальный глагол must, выражающий долженствование, и его эквиваленты tobeto, tohaveto

В) модальные глаголы should, ought(следует), needn’t(нет необходимости)

3. 
   Простые неличные формы глагола ParticipleI (PresentParticiple) и ParticipleII (PastParticiple) в функции определения и обстоятельства.
   

После изучения всего указанного выше материала можно приступить к выполнению задания.
ТЕКСТЫ ДЛЯ ИЗУЧАЮЩЕГО ЧТЕНИЯ, ПЕРЕВОДА И ЗАКРЕПЛЕНИЯ ГРАММАТИКИ

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