Файл: Программа по английскому языку включает лексический и грамматический материал, необходимый для чтения и понимания литературы по специальности.doc

1. Перепишите предложения; подчеркните в каждом глагол-сказуемое и определите его видо-временную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык. В разделе (Б) обратите внимание на особенности перевода конструкций со страдательным залогом, в разделе (В) – на место предлога в русском языке.
Образец: were agreed upon – Past Ind. (Simple) Passive отглагола to agree
(A) 1.We have seen that the collector current is equal to the emitter current. 2.Integrated circuits are rapidly replacing transistors, diodes, resistors and capacitors. 3.The frequency of collisions between the atoms and electrons will be increasing when a greater number of electrons is present. 4.Radio astronomy has given mankind efficient means for penetrating into space. 5.The kind of electrolyte used had had no effect on the electromotive force.
(Б) 1.The term integrated circuit is used to describe a group of electronic elements connected together. 2.The test will be finished in two weeks. 3.Synthetic rubber products were developed between 1914 and the 1930s. 4.Heat energy is being used in many branches of industry now. 5.Energy is involved in any motion and in any event.
(B) 1.The achievements in the field of radioelectronics were much written about. 2.The problem concerning the work of superheterodyne receiver will be further worked at. 3.The operation of semiconductor devices is affected by temperature. 4.As these electrons are loosely bound to the atom, they are spoken of as free electrons. 5.The reverse current is influenced by the rate of change of applied voltage.

2. Заполните пустые графы таблицы номерами соответствующих предложений:

Время		Характеристика действия (вид)
	Простое (неопределенное)	Длительное (продолженное)	Завершенное
Настоящее	1,
Прошедшее
Будущее

(А). 1.Я смотрю телевизор по вечерам. 2.Где твой брат? – Он в гостиной смотрит телевизор. 3.Вчера я не смотрела телевизор, так как была занята. 4.Я только что посмотрела эту программу. 5.Я смотрела телевизор, когда вошла мать.

(Б) 6.He was at the front during the war. 7.I

am reading a book at the moment. 8.He hasn’t eaten anything for 24 hours. 9.The train will have left by this time tomorrow. 10.I’ll remember this day all my life. 11.I saw your

brother yesterday. 12.They were discussing the plan of our work at the meeting. 13.After the sun had set we went home. 14.He plays chess well. 15.I have just met him. 16.Someone is knocking at the door. 17.It was raining yesterday. 18.He doesn’t like fish for dinner.
3. Определите, какой английской форме глагола соответствует данный русский перевод (например, 1г, 2ж и т.д.):

1. read а) читаю (сейчас)

2. am reading б) читал (вчера)

3. have read в) прочту (завтра)

4. read г) прочитал (уже)

5. was reading д) буду читать (когда ты придешь)

6. will read е) читаю (регулярно)

7. will be reading ж) читал (когда ты пришел)
4. Перепишите и переведите предложения. Поставьте их в отрицательную форму. Задайте общий и специальный вопрос к каждому предложению.

1.John is ringing to say good-bye. (Why?) 2.I have lost the key. (What?) 3.I had already written the letter when my brother came. (When?) 4.When the boy was playing in the yard he suddenly saw a strange man. (Who?) 5.I shall be translating this text at 5 o’clock tomorrow. (What?) 6.John will have translated all the articles by 10 o’clock. (By what time?) 7.We have had terrible weather since Monday. (Since when?) 8.I hope you are not waiting long. (How long?) 9.When I was walking home I saw an old friend of mine. (Where?)
5. Выберите правильную форму глагола.

1.She ___ in the suburbs of St. Petersburg. (lives, lives, has lived)

2.What ___ she doing now? (is, does, has)

3.He ___ school two years ago. (finished, has finished, had finished)

4. ___ she cooked breakfast already? (does, is, has)

5.I ___ my exams and can have a good time now. (have passed, passed, am passing)

6.She ___ not marry him. (was, have, did)

7.The taxi ___ by the time the guests came. (arrived, had arrived, was arriving)

8. ___ you ___ the dinner by 5 o’clock? (have cooked, had cooked, will have cooked)

9.I __ not seen you for ages. (has, have, shall)
6. Завершите разделительный вопрос, выбрав правильный вариант.

1) He has taken his examinations this winter, ______?

has he?

doesn’t he?

hasn’t he?

will he?

2) You went to the stadium with him, _________?

don’t’ you?

didn’t you?

won’t you?

wasn’t you?
7. Перепишите предложения; подчеркните в них причастие I (Participle I) и причастие II (Participle II) и укажите, являются ли оно определением, обстоятельством или составной частью глагола-сказуемого. Предложения

переведите.

1.The letter posted was not delivered in time. 2.Lying the table, don’t forget to put forks and knives properly. 3.Not knowing what to do I decided to stay home. 4.Journalists taking part in the conference are admitted by a special pass. 5.They carried out the experiment using the best computer programs. 6.Who is this smiling girl? 7.Having passed the exams he went to Japan.8. She was walking slowly stopping sometimes to have a short rest. 9.He has already done all the work. 10.The work being finished, we went home.
8. Перепишите и письменно переведите следующие предложения; подчеркните в них модальные глаголы или их эквиваленты.

1.The most fundamental law in physics states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed. 2.Amorphous semiconductors may possibly find a technical application for solar cells. 3.He must find this article: its subject is closely connected with his work. 4.The history of the silicon solar cell began in 1954. A large-scale application, however, had to wait until the advent of the space age three years later. 5.You are to apply the mean value of the voltage, no matter which device you use. 6.The student should be able to define basic theoretical principles.
9. Выберите правильный модальный глагол:

1.You ___ work hard at your English if you want to know it. (can, may, must)

2.You feel bad, you ___ see a doctor. (needn’t, should, can)

3. The lights are on. They ___ be at home. (may, must, are to)

4.She ___ to finish school in a year. (may, has, is)

5.I’m afraid the weather ____ change for the worse. (must, may, should)

6.When this scientist was 21 years old he ____ solve a very important mathematical problem. (could, was able to, had to)
10. Выберите правильный вариант ответа:

1) Must I visit the doctor today? – No, you ___. (mustn’t, can’t, needn’t)

2) May I take one of your books for a week? – Yes, you ___. (can, may, must)
11. Определите, в каком предложении глагол tohaveявляется модальным.

1.She has a lot of work today.2.She has to do a lot of work today. 3.She has done a lot of work today.
12. Завершите варианты (b) и (с):

1) (a) She had to visit her parents last Sunday.

(b) ______ she _________ her parents on Sunday?

(c) She ___ not ____ visit her parents on Sunday.

2) (a)You can go to the theatre with your friend.

(b) ___ I _____ to the theater with my friend?

(c) You _____ not _____ tothetheaterwithyourfriend.

13. Соотнесите английские предложения с русскими (например, 1а, 2с и т.д.):

1. She may ask.

2. She couldn’t ask.

3. She mustn’t ask.

4. She had to ask.

5. She shouldn’t ask.

6. She won’t be able to ask.

7. She needn’t ask.

8. She isn’t allowed to ask.

а. Ей можно не спрашивать.

б. Ей можно спросить

в. Ей не следует спрашивать.

г. Она не должна спрашивать.

д. Она не могла спросить.

е. Она не сможет спросить.

ж. Ей не разрешают спрашивать.

з. Ей пришлось спросить.

Вариант 3

1. Перепишите предложения; подчеркните в каждом глагол-сказуемое и определите его видо-временную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык. В разделе (Б) обратите внимание на особенности перевода конструкций со страдательным залогом, в разделе (В) – на место предлога в русском языке.
Образец: were agreed upon – Past Ind. (Simple) Passive отглагола to agree
(A) 1.Amplifiers have played a great role in most electronic devices. 2.The article was describing the main features of some semiconductor device. 3.A new type of transistor will be consuming practically no power from the tested circuit. 4.The Mendeleyev system has served for almost 100 years as a key to discovering new elements.
(Б) 1.The rise and fall of the current pulses are affected to some extent by almost every circuit element. 2.The first sputnik was launched into space in 1957. 3.These elements will be transformed into other elements during the next stage of the experiment. 4.In this paper new experimental observations were presented. 5.The relationship between the computers and the people that use them will be described in all the details.
(B) 1.The experiment carried out by these researchers can be relied upon. 2.Some amplification was obtained by using tuned r-f amplifier ahead of the mixer. 3.The discovery of electron was followed by investigations of its properties. 4.The amplifying characteristics of a new type of transistor will be referred to as¹ reverse saturation current.
NOTES: ¹ to be referred to as – называться
2. Заполните пустые графы таблицы номерами соответствующих предложений:

Время		Характеристика действия (вид)
	Простое (неопреде- ленное)	Длительное (продолженное)	Завершенное
Настоящее			1
Прошедшее
Будущее

(А) 1.Я уже посмотрела этот фильм, когда пришел отец. 2.Я посмотрю фильм к тому времени, когда придет мой друг. 3.Завтра по телевизору интересная передача. Я буду обязательно смотреть ее. 4.Завтра в полдень я буду смотреть телевизор. 5.Я не смотрю телевизор по будням