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A.B.
Artium Baccalaureus (Bachelor of Arts)
A.M.
Artium Magister ( Master of Arts )
B.A.
Bachelor of Ats
B.A.A.E.
Bachelor of Aeronautical and Astronautical Engineering
B.A.E.
Bachelor of Aeronautical Engineering, Bachelor of
Agricultural Engineering, Bach elor of Architectural Engineering,
Bachelor of Art Education
DVM
Doctor of Vete rinary Medicine
MBA
Master of Bus iness Ad ministration
M.Sc.
Master of Science
LLD
Doctor of Laws
MusB(ac)
Bachelor of M us ic
MusD(oc)
Doctor of M us ic
MBBS
Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery
MBA
Master of Bus iness Ad ministrat ion
MSA
Master of Science in Agriculture
DD
Doctor of Divinity
DDS
Doctor of Dental Surgery
DLit(t)
Doctor of Literature
DLit(t)
Doctor of Letters
BEd
Bachelor of Education
BD
Bachelor of Divinity
B.Sc.
Bac helor of Science
BDs
Bachelor of Dental Surgery
BL
Bachelor of Law
BL
Bachelor of Letters
BL
Bachelor of Literature
MPhil
Master of Philosophy
MEd
Master of Education
MFA
Master of Fine Arts
MLitt
Master of Literature
MLitt
Master of Letters
MD
Doctor of Medicine
M.Ed.
Master of Education
A.A.
Associate of Arts
A.Sc
.
Associate of Sciences
PhD
Doctor of Philosophy
11.SPEAKING
11a Project work.
29
Student A, who wants to get a degree in US, let Student B know his/her
criteria for a university and university characteristics that are important for
them.
Student B needs to surf the Internet to help Student A choose the type of
higher institution that suits their needs and abilities best.
UNIT 3
My University
In this unit you will:
Read
about Voronezh University and Moscow University
Talk
about the universities
Test
your knowledge of history of universities and Russia
Practice
suggesting, translating, speaking on a topic
Listen
to the students of Voronezh State University
Write
a summary
1.LEAD-IN
Do you know what the term
alma mater
means?
← If you study (or studied)
here then Voronezh State
University is your
alma
mater
.
1a Read the definition of alma mater and be ready to explain which three
things can be named alma mater.
Alma mater
is Latin for "nourishing mother" /
ˈ
ælmə
ˈ
me
ɪ
tər/. It was used in
ancient Rome as a title for the mother goddess, and in Medieval Christianity
for the Virgin Mary.
In modern times it is used to refer to the university or college a person attends
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or attended.
It also can refer to a song about a college or university similar to a fight song
(team anthem).
This term is derived from the motto ("Alma Mater Studiorum", meaning
Nourishing Mother of Studies) of the world's oldest, continuously-operating,
degree-granting university: the University of Bologna, in Italy, founded in A.D.
1088, which is located in the city of Bologna.
1b Choose from the list the saying you like best to speak on alma mater:
My alma mater was books, a good library – I could spend the rest of my
life reading, just satisfying my curiosity.
~
Malcolm X
Do not ask if a man has been through college; ask if a college has been
through him; if he is a walking university.
~Edwin Hubbell Chapin
Of course there’s a lot of knowledge in universities: the freshmen bring
a little in; the seniors don’t take much away, so knowledge sort of
accumulates.
~
A. Lawrence Lowell
2.READING AND SPEAKING
2a Fulfill the following tasks.
List five names of Voronezh State University scientists.
Recollect five historical facts about VSU.
Comment on the mentioned names and facts.
2b Suggest which of the following words means specialities and which means
specialists. Make pairs of words from the same fields of knowledge. Consult
the dictionary for pronunciation.
Medicine, Mathematics, Soil scientists, Geographers, Law, Physicists, Biology,
Chemists, Pedagogy, Geography, History, Economics, Geology, Physics,
Philology, Mathematicians, Pedagogics, Biologists, Natural sciences, Experts in
medicine,
Geologists,
Lawyers,
Philologists,
Historians,
Philosophers,
Meteorologists, Chemistry.
2c Scan the text about Voronezh State University. Choose from the text five
names of:
mathematicians; biologists; experts in medicine; geologists; lawyers;
philologists; historians; philosophers; meteorologists.
31
2d Scan the text and entitle its parts.
A BRIEF HISTORY OF VORONEZH STATE UNIVERSITY
1
The foundation of Voronezh University is closely related to the history of
Yuriev (Derpt or Dorpat) University, established in 1802 in the City of Derpt
(modern name: Tartu, Estonia), following the decree of Alexander I, the Russian
emperor. In 1918 the Decree issued by the Soviet of People's Comissars relocated
the historical university to the City of Voronezh, responding to the petition signed
by the local authorities and public.
2
Voronezh welcomed 39 professors from Derpt, including experts in medicine
N. N. Burdenko, I.V. Georgievski, V.A. Afanasiev, outstanding biologists K.K.
Saint-llaird, M.S. Tsvet, I.I. Schmalhausen and geologists N. N. Bogolubov,
V.E. Tarasenko; renowned lawyers V. E. Grabar, L. A. Shalland and
philologists N. M. Krasheninnikov, D. N. Kudryavski, historians V. E. Regel,
R. A. Yakovenko, A. N. Yasinski; a brilliant philosopher Ya. F. mathematician
V. N. Alexeev, meteorologist B.I. Sreznevski and N.R. Leibensohn who was a
great authority in geophysics and mathematics. They were accompanied by 45
faculty and 43 staff members, as well as 800 students.
3
On November 12, 1918 the first lectures started at four faculties of the newly
born Voronezh University: the Faculty of Medicine, the Faculty of Physics and
Mathematics, the Faculty of History and Philology and the Faculty of Law.
Professor V. E. Regel, a well-known historian who was also a corresponding
member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, was then elected Rector of the
University.
4
At first, enrolment into the University was absolutely free and at the
beginning of 1919 there were about 10 000 students.
5
In 1921 the Faculty of Pedagogy was established, and in 1925 a research
institute in the fields of biology and chemistry was created. In 1921—1923
Voronezh Institute of People's Education joined the University growing further
into its Faculty of Pedagogics. Its departments trained teachers in mathematics,
physics, chemistry, natural sciences, socio-economic subject for schools, Russian
and literature. In 1926 the first postgraduate program was started, and so it
became possible to train highly qualified research workers.
6
In 1929 the Faculty of Planned Economy was organized, and in 1930—1931
VSU underwent another radical reorganization. The Faculty of Medicine was
transformed into an independent institute, and the Faculties of Pedagogy and
Economy developed into Voronezh Pedagogical Institute and the Institute for
National Economy Accounting and Reporting. VSU was evolving into a core
university for all educational establishments of the region.
In the 30s of the 20th century the Botanical gardens were organized, and the
nature reserve "Galichya Gora (Mountain)" also became a part of VSU. During
32
the same period of time, the geological, the soil and the zoological museums were
created, and the University library enlarged its collection of books.
7
By June 1941, when the war started, the University counted 6 Faculties.
There were 40 departments, four museums, a fundamental library with 400 000
books, 3 research centers, a publishing and printing house.
The following prominent professors of that period of time should be mentioned
here: biologists I. I. Barabash-Nikiforov and В. M. Kozo-Polyansky, soil scientist
P. D. Aderikhin, geographer K. N. Mirotvortsev, geologist A. A. Dubyansky,
mathematician A. K. Sushkevitch; physicists A. P. Pospelov and M. A.
Levitskaya; chemists A. V. Dumansky and A. D. Bogoyavlensky. The
University was steadily growing into the leading research and intellectual centre
of the Central Black Earth Region.
8
In the very first days of the Great Patriotic War of 1941—1945, almost all
the students as well as more than 60 faculty members went to the front. Rector
N. P. Latyshev was one of the organizers of Voronezh Volunteers Regiment. In
1942 the University was evacuated to the Town of Yelabuga in Tatar
Autonomous Republic, not returning to Voronezh until 1943.
9
In the late 40s and early 50s the resurrection of the University led to its
further rapid development.
The number of faculties in that period increased to 11. Several prominent
researchers and their disciples won recognition both in the Soviet Union and
abroad. In 1965 the new main building of the University was put into service.
10
In 1961 VSU became one of the leading centres of teaching international
students in the USSR. The first international agreement was concluded in 1966. It
was between VSU and the University of Halle-Wittenberg (Germany). Now there
are more than 700 international students, postgraduates and interns at VSU. The
University has signed agreements with 64 Universities and training centres in
Europe, America and Asia. The University is recognized internationally, and in
2002 VSU was the eighth Russian university to become a member of the
European University Association.
11
The years between the late 60s and early 80s witnessed further growth and
development of VSU. New departments were opened, and new teaching
technologies introduced. Several research projects conducted by VSU scientists
were included into regional and All-Union programmes. In 1971 the University
was awarded the Order of Lenin, and in 1981 VSU received the Order of the
Banner of Labour (German Democratic Republic).
12
Basic restructuring processes which started in the 90s of the previous
century produced a significant impact upon VSU. The University was able to
meet the challenges of a new situation in the economy and social relations. The
faculties were gaining more and more independence. New faculties and
departments were established, and new research areas and educational
technologies were introduced.