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38
5b Match the pictures to the definitions.
a)
b) c)
d) e) f)
1.
The Principal Medicine Store building on Red Square, which was home to
Moscow University from 1755-1787
2.
Main buildings of the university in the Mokhovaya Street, 1798.
3.
The Old Building houses the department of Oriental studies and the
Journalism Faculty.
4.
The main building of the Lomonosov Moscow State University at Sparrow
Hills in the city's south-west
5.
Coat of arms of the Lomonosov State University of Moscow
6.
View of the Main Building's Zones A and B and the adjacent tower with
the thermometer
5c Scan the texts about Moscow State University and match them to the
headings below:
Location, facilities and academic reputation
Famous alumni and faculty
History
Introduction
39
LOMONOSOV MOSCOW STATE UNIVERSITY
A
M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University
, previously known as
Lomonosov University
or
MSU
), is the largest university in Russia. Founded in
1755, it also claims to be the oldest university in Russia and to have the tallest
educational building in the world. As of 2004, the university has some 4,000 staff
teaching 36,000 students and 7,000 postgraduates. In 1940, the university was
renamed in honor of its founder, Mikhail Lomonosov.
B
Since 1953, most of the university's faculties have been situated on Sparrow
Hills in the MSU Main building in the southwest of Moscow. Facilities available
inside the building include a concert hall, a theatre, a museum, various
administrative services, a library, a swimming pool, a police station, a post office,
a laundry, a hairdresser's salon, several canteens, bank offices and ATMs, shops,
cafeterias, a bomb shelter, etc.
The university includes a number of faculty buildings located near Manege
Square in the centre of Moscow and a number of campuses abroad in Ukraine,
Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan.
The university is commonly regarded as Russia's most prestigious university
and has high entry requirements for its prospective students. The university
generally performs well in international higher education studies and, in 2008, the
university was ranked 70th according to the Academic Ranking of World
Universities.
C
The establishment of the university was instigated
by Ivan Shuvalov and
Mikhail Lomonosov, and the decree ordering its creation was issued by Russian
Empress Elizabeth on January 25, 1755. The first lectures were held on April 26.
January 25 is still celebrated as Students' Day in Russia.
The main building was constructed between 1782 and 1793 in the Neo-
Palladian style, designed by Matvei Kazakov, and rebuilt after the Fire of
Moscow (1812) by Domenico Giliardi.
In the 18th century, the university had three faculties: philosophy, medicine,
and law.
After the October Revolution in 1917, the school began allowing the admission
of children of the proletariat and peasants, not just those of the well-to-do. In
1919, tuition fees were abolished, and a preparatory facility was created for
children of the working class so that they would be able to pass the admission
examinations. The political repressions of the 1930s and 1950s severely limited
the development of scientific ideas, as Soviet scientists had virtually no contacts
with their colleagues abroad.
40
World War II (known in Russia as the Great Patriotic War) was one of the most
difficult periods in the history of Russia. University students and staff began to
enlist in the army on the third day of fighting. One of the divisions formed out of
university volunteers fought defending Moscow.
During the post-war period, the leading role of Moscow State University in the
restoration and further development of the country was fully recognized. There
was a fivefold increase in state funding, and a new university campus was built
on Vorobievy Gory (Sparrow Hills), where all the lecture halls and laboratories
had the most modern equipment available at the time. As of September 2009, the
university has 39 faculties and 14 research centers.
D
Moscow State University has produced 8 Nobel laureates, 5 Fields Medal
winners, as well as a number of writers, philosophers, politicians, and Heads of
state. The university is alma mater for the famous writers of the 19th century,
such as Anton Chekhov and Ivan Turgenev, mathematicians and physicists of the
20th century, such as Andrey Kolmogorov and Pyotr Kapitsa.
5d Read the notes below and be ready to render in short the definitions given
there.
Notes:
Academic Ranking of World Universities
– The Academic Ranking of World
Universities is compiled by Shanghai Jiao Tong University. It is one of the two
most prominent world university rankings, along with the Times Higher
Education World University Rankings. The ranking compared 1200 higher
education institutions worldwide according to a formula that took into account
alumni winning Nobel Prizes and Fields Medals (10 percent), staff winning
Nobel Prizes and Fields Medals (20 percent), highly-cited researchers in 21 broad
subject categories (20 percent), articles published in Nature and Science (20
percent), the Science Citation Index and Social Sciences Citation Index (20
percent) and the per capita academic performance (on the indicators above) of an
institution (10 percent).
Nobel laureates
– The Nobel Prizes are awarded annually by the Royal Swedish
Academy of Sciences, the Swedish Academy, the Karolinska Institute, and the
Norwegian Nobel Committee to individuals and organizations who make
outstanding contributions in the fields of chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and
physiology or medicine. They were established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel,
which dictates that the awards should be administered by the Nobel Foundation.
Fields Medal
– The Fields Medal is a prize awarded to two, three, or four
mathematicians not over 40 years of age at each International Congress of the
International Mathematical Union, a meeting that takes place every four years.
The Fields Medal is often viewed as the top honor a mathematician can receive. It
comes with a monetary award, which in 2006 was C$15,000 (US$15,000 or
41
€10,000). Founded at the behest of Canadian mathematician John Charles Fields,
the medal was first awarded in 1936, to Finnish mathematician Lars Ahlfors and
American mathematician Jesse Douglas, and has been periodically awarded since
1950. Its purpose is to give recognition and support to younger mathematical
researchers who have made major contributions.
6.VOCABULARY
6a Think of Russian equivalents to the following word combinations. Choose
ten of them to remember and use in future.
1.
the university was renamed in honor of its founder
2.
the university is commonly regarded as
3.
high entry requirements for its prospective students
4.
the university generally performs well
5.
in international higher education studies
6.
the university was ranked 70th according to the
7.
Russia's most prestigious university
8.
the establishment of the university was instigated
by
9.
the first lectures were held on April 26
10. the school began allowing the admission
11. severely limited the development of scientific ideas
12. be able to pass the admission examinations
13. students and staff began to enlist in the army
14. formed out of university volunteers
15. the restoration and further development of
16. the well-to-do
17. facilities available inside the building include
18. a preparatory facility was created
19. a fivefold increase
20. Moscow State University has produced
21. as of September 2009, the university has 39 faculties
22. January 25 is still celebrated as
6b Match words and word combinations from columns A and B.
A
B
a)
in the southwest of Moscow
1.
Ведущая роль
b)
children of the proletariat and
peasants
2.
Качество образования
c)
quality of education
3.
Главное
здание
было
спроектировано
d)
the main building was constructed
4.
Известный в России как
e)
known in Russia as
5.
Защищая Москву
42
f)
the leading role of
6.
Дети
пролетариев
и
крестьян
g)
defending Moscow
7.
Главное
здание
было
построено
h)
the main building was designed
by
8.
В
юго-западной
части
Москвы
6c Match the words to their definitions.
a) to move someone or something from one place,
vehicle, person or group to another
1.
campus
b) to change completely the appearance or character of
something or someone, especially so that they are
improved
2.
prestigious
c) when someone is given permission to enter a place,
or the money that you pay to enter a place
3.
outskirts
d) a person who does something, especially helping
other people, willingly and without being forced or
paid to do it
4.
rank
e) the areas that form the edge of a town or city
5.
reputation
f)
very much respected and admired, usually because
of being important
6.
instigate
g) the buildings of a college or university and the land
that surrounds them
7.
transfer
h) the buildings, equipment and services provided for a
particular purpose
8.
transform
i)
a short sentence or phrase that expresses a belief or
purpose
9.
admission
j)
a particular position, higher or lower than others
10.
volunteer
k) the opinion that people in general have about
someone or something, or how much respect or
admiration someone or something receives, based
on past behaviour or character
11.
facilities
l)
to cause an event or situation to happen by making a
set of actions or a formal process begin
12.
motto
6d In your own words give the definitions to the following words, as in the
example:
A police station is a place where you can address if you have some legal
problem.