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Урок 2 <► 57
3)
Прочтите и переведите абзацы 3, 4, 5. При чтении соблюдайте
правила паузации и интонации.
4)
Прочтите и переведите, пользуясь словарем, абзацы 6, 7.
The Developments of the Twentieth Century
1. During the first seventy years of the twentieth century many dis-
coveries were made in the treatment and prevention of disease. In 1901
Kari Landsteiner discovered the blood groups.
2.
Some diseases are not caused by germs or infections but by the
lack (недостаток, нехватка) of certain substances in our food. The
discovery of vitamins in 1912 was very important to provide (обеспечить)
people with a properly balanced diet.
3.
In 192/2 | Sir Frederick Banting /found | that insulin | is very
ef/fective | against diabetes \,mellitus.
4.
Penicillin was discovered in 19/28 | by Dr. Alexander Fleming | who
became the /founder | of the modern science | of anitibio\sis. Penicillin
was used in /hospitals | to reduce infections in /wounds | during the
Second World \War. Streptomycin | and a series of anti- infection /drugs
were discovered | after pe\nicillin. All these /drugs | are known as antibi \
otics.
5.
A /drug known as sulphani/lamide | was discovered in 1935. It
became the first | of the «miracle» /drugs (чудодейственныелекарства)
which gave immediate and amazing (блестящий) re / suits | in the treat-
ment of many infectious di/seases including pneu\monia.
6.
During the two world wars, great advances were made in the field of
plastic surgery, in which skin, bone, or muscle was taken from one part of
the body and then was transplanted to a badly injured area in another
part.
7.
Great progress was made in the prevention and treatment of car-
diovascular diseases, cancer, bacterial and viral infections; Renovation
methods of diagnosing such as CT (computer tomography), MRT (mag-
netic resonance tomography), ultrasonography have been developed.
КОНТРОЛЬНО-ОБОБЩАЮЩИЕ УПРАЖНЕНИЯ
Упражнение 16. 1) В каком столбике во всех словах есть
нечитающиеся буквы? 2) В каком столбике везде содержится звук
[э:]? 3) В каком столбике везде содержится звук [а:]?
a) past
b) саг
с) walk
d) thought
58ФReviewing Some Basic Facts about the English Language
chalk
after for
why
glass
can't always
fine
small
fathersmall
who
(Ответы: 1) d; 2) c; 3) b. Если вы ошиблись, повторите правила
чтения на с. 24, 32)
Упражнение 17. Укажите, в каких предложениях выделенное слово
является сказуемым.
1. The study of anatomy is very important. 2. The bones form the
skeleton of the body. 3. Bones of the skeleton have many forms. 4.
Physiologists study the functions of the body. 5. The Latin word «cranium»
means the skull. 6. An experiment is a means of investigation.
(Ответы: 2, 4, 5. Если вы ошиблись, см. с. 35)
LEARNING TO UNDERSTAND A MEDICAL TEXT
I. Anatomy
LESSON ONE
THE SKELETON
1.
Оборотthere is, there are (§ 16)
2.
Основные формы глагола tobe(§ 15)
3.
ВременагруппыIndefinite (Active Voice) (§ 10)
Часть I
Слова к частиI
skeleton ['skelitn] n скелет
bone [boun] n кость
backbone ['baekboun] n
позвоночник
breastbone ['brestboun] n грудина
collar-bone ['kotaboun] n ключица
bony ['bouni] акостный
vertebral column ['vaitibrsl 'кэ1эт]
позвоночник
spinal column ['spaingl 'kotam]
позвоночник,
спиннойхребетtrunk [trAgk] n
туловищеlimb [lim]
nконечностьskull [skAl] n
черепbrain [brein] n мозгbody
['badi] n телоinclude [in'klu:d] v
включатьexclude [iks'klu:d] v
исключатьjaw [d3o:] nчелюстьrib
[rib] n реброjoin [d3D:in] v
присоединятьjoint [d3o:int] n
сустав
bend [bend] v сгибать(ся),
гнуть(ся),
Lesson 1Ф 59
изгибаться) chest [tjest] n
груднаяклеткаplace [pleis] v
помещать;be placed v
бытьпомещеннымheart [ha:t] n
сердцеlung[1лд] n легкоеarm
[a:m] nрукаshoulder [Jouldd] n
плечоshoulder-blade
nлопаткаelbow [elbou] n
локотьwrist [rist] n запястьеfirm
[fa:m] ad]крепкийfirmly ['fa:mli]
advкрепкоbind [baind] v
связыватьpalm [pa:m]
nладоньthumb[Одш]nбольшойпа
лецрукиframework ['freimwa:k] n
остов, каркас
60❖ Learning to Understand a Medical Text |
Упражнения
Упражнение 1. Укажите время глагола-сказуемого в следующих
предложениях.
1. There will be a new student in our group. 2. There are eight faculties
in the Moscow Medical Sechenov Academy. 3. There were two meetings
last week. 4. In front of the rectorate there is a monument to I.M.
Sechenov.
Упражнение 2. Составьте 5 предложений с оборотом thereis,
thereare,
используя
данные
ниже
слова.
Согласуйтеформуглаголаспоследующимисуществительными.
many English
books 15 students
little coffee twelve
months a lamp in
the glass, in the
library, on the
wall, in our
group, in a
year.
Упражнение 3. Выберите правильный вариант для русского
предложения. Обратите внимание на порядок слов русского и
английского предложений.
a)
На лекции присутствует
много студентов.
b)
Рядом с нашим институтом
находится студенческое обще-
житие.
c)
На нашем факультете было
интересное собрание на
прошлой неделе.
1.
Many students are present
at the lecture.
2.
There are many students at
the lecture.
1.
There is a student'sjhostel near
our Institute.
J<>и
(
r ; /
2.
The hostel is near our Insti-'
tute.
1.
There was an interesting
meeting at our faculty last week.
2.
An interesting meeting was at
our faculty last week.
Упражнение 4. Напишите II, III, IVформы следующих глаголов.
Проверьте себя по таблице (см. Грамматическийсправочник, § 9).
There is
There are
Lesson 1Ф 61
to ask, to use, to work, to enter, to speak, to found, to try, to study, to
know, to like, to be, to consist
Упражнение 5. Определите время глагола-сказуемого в следующих
предложениях.