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Health Care in the USA ^257
Most hospitals have at least the following major departments or units:
suqjery, obstetrics and gynaecology, pediatrics and general medicine.
They may also have trauma and intensive care units, neurosurgical and
renal care units, and a psychiatric unit. The Emergency Room (unit) is a
very special area in the hospital. The emergency patients receive
immediate attention.
Dr. Nelson: Let's not forget about the high cost of medical care in our
country. Two thirds of the population have private health insurance.
Some people have health insurance, life insurance (financial assistance
for the relatives in case of death), disability insurance and retirement
benefits at their place of employment. fcMost employees and their fam-
ilies now pay more than 50 per cent of the costs of health insurance. The
great cost of medical care in the country and the great number of people
who could not pay for it forced the federal government to devel
258 ❖ Learning To Discuss Medicine £
op two health insurance programs — Medicaid and Medicare. Medicaid,
started in 1966, is a federal program providing free medical care for
low-income people, the aged, the blind and for dependent children.
t)ean of the Faculty:Dr. Kendall, I've read that Medicare is a health
insurance program for the elderly and disabled. What age group does the
Medicare program provide for?
4
Dr. Kendall:Medicare, started in 1967, is a federal program providing free
medical care for aged Americans over 65, for those who in the past Ijad the
greatest medical expenses.
Dr. Kruglov:Dr. Nelson, what are the scientific problems facing American
medicine?
Dr. Nelson: Well, in my opinion, the chief scientific problems facing
American medicine are the same as those facing Russian medicine, they are
heart disease and cancer. The chief causes of suffering and death today are
cancer and cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, jstroke and
atherosclerosis. |Also much medical research is done on /illnesses of aging,
disabilities caused by arthritis, mental illness, drug addiction, and genetic
problems.
The Dean of the Faculty: Dear colleagues, you've given us a clear picture
of the American health care system. We all want to thank you and wish you
the best of luck in your woi^c.
Active Words and Word Combinations
private doctorчастныйврачto
inoculateделатьпрививкуinoc
ulationпрививкаconsulting
physicianврач-
консультантdisabilityнетрудо
способность,
инвалидностиthe
disabledинвалидыretirement
benefitsпенсионные
выплаты
emergencyunitотделение
неотложной помощи
theinjuredпострадавшие,
Health Care in the USA ^259
раненые theblindнезрячие,
слепые
Medicareправительственная
предусматривающая
частичную оплату
медицинского
обслуживанияJпрестарелым
за счет
программа,
обеспечивающая |
бесплатное медицинское |
обслуживание беднякам и
jинвалидам
f
dependent children
несовершеннолетниедети
the aged (syn. the elderly)
пожилые, старые люди
strokeинсульт
страхования, остальную
часть — за счет
государства
Medicaidсоциальная
правительственная
программа,
260 ❖ Learning To Discuss Medicine £
mentaldiseasesпсихические 'drugaddictionпристрастие к
заболевания
наркотикам, наркомания
Упражнение 5. Задайте вопросы, ответами на которые будут
следующие предложения.
Model: A family physician provides health care for the entire family. Who
provides health care for the entire family?
1. Cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of death and dis-
ability in the USA. 2. Nine million people suffer from emphysema and
chronic bronchitis because of smoking. 3. Smoking and hypertension are
two major risk factors for cardiovascular disease. 4. Nausea, shortness of
breath, shoulder or arm pain, or chest pain can be symptoms of a heart
attack.
Упражнение 6. Ответьте на вопросы вашего товарища. Используйте в
ответах слова и словосочетания, данные в скобках.
1. What kinds of hospitals are there in America? (government-fi- nanced,
private hospitals) 2. Who comprises the staff of hospitals or clinics in
America? (consulting physicians, residents, interns, highly skilled nurses) 3.
What departments do American hospitals have? (surgery, obstetrics and
gynaecology, pediatrics, general medicine, neurosurgical, a renal care unit,
a psychiatric unit, an Emergency Room) 4. What is Medicaid? (a federal
program, to provide free medical care, low income people, the aged, the
blind, dependent children) 5. What is Medicare? (a federal program, a
health insurance program, the elderly and disabled, to provide free medical
care, aged Americans)
Упражнение 7. Расскажите вашим товарищам о работе частного врача
в США. Используйтевсвоемрассказеследующиесловосочетания.
private doctor, family doctor, to give regular examinations, to arrange for
the patient to see a specialist, to make use of hospital facilities, private
office, group practice
Упражнение 8. Прочтите следующие утверждения и выразите свое
согласие или несогласие. Начните свои ответы со следующих
фраз:Quiteso./ Exactly. /Yes,Ithinkthat... Или: I don't think that is correct.... I
can't agree with the fact that.. . No, I don't think you are right...
1. Medicaid is a federal program, which provides free medical care for
low income people, the aged, the blind and for dependent children.
Health Care in the USA ^261
2. Medicare is a federal program, which provides free medical care for
aged Americans over 65. 3. Most employees and their families do not
have their health insurance. 4. Many people in America have health
insurance, life insurance, disability insurance and retirement benefits at
their place of employment. 5. The chief scientific problems facing
American medicine are heart disease and cancer.
Упражнение 9. Ведущий радиопередачи «В мире медицины»
(«IntheWorldofMedicine»)
беседует
с
американским
врачом-гомеопатом д-ром Карлом Робинсоном. Используя
приведенные ниже текст и диалог, составьте и разыграйте
радиоинтервью.
Ведущий: представляет доктора Робинсона, сообщая краткие
сведения о нем (см. Текст), и предлагает д-ру Робинсону ответить
на вопросы радиослушателей (см. Диалог)
Доктор Робинсон: отвечает на вопросы ведущего и радиослуша-
телей (см. Текст)
Text
1.
Dr. К. Robinson received his B.A. from Yale University, his M.D.
from Hahnemann Medical College in Philadelphia and he did his resi-
dency in internal medicine in Ney York City. Then he studied home-
opathy at the Royal Homeopathic] Hospital in London. Now Dr. Robinson
practices in Albuquerque, New Mexico.
2.
The word «homeopathy» is derived from the Greek language. «Ho-
meo» means «like», «pathy» means «suffering». Homeopathy means
«like suffering» or «like disease». Homeopathy is a scientific medical
practice, which treats the whole person, that is the body, the mind and
the emotions, which are affected when a person is sick
Homeopathy is a natural medicine. A homeopathic medicine is used
to stimulate the person to heal himself. It is a system of therapy based on
the law «Similia similibus curentur». In other words, homeopathy is a
scientific system of medicine based on the discovery that a substance