Файл: Исследование суточных вариаций поровой активности радона в поверхностных грунтах удк 550. 42 546. 296 551. 51.docx

Acceptable microclimatic conditions do not cause damage or health disorders, but can lead to general and local sensations of thermal

discomfort, tension in thermoregulation mechanisms, deterioration of well-being and decreased performance.

To select a suitable exhaust fan for room 123 of housing 10 with an area of 25 m³, we use the following formula

???? = ???? ∙ ℎ ∙ ????

Where L is the fan capacity, m³/hour; S is the area of the room, m²; h - ceiling height, m; k is the rate of air exchange, then we get:

???? = 25 ∙ 3 ∙ 2 = 150 m³/hour

Fan "Event 150C" is able to provide the required air extraction performance for a given room. [90].

Table 5.4 Fan specifications of “Event 150С”.

Type of instalation:	wall
Channel type:	circular
Voltage:	220 V
Power (W)	22
Efficiency:	320 m³/h
Number of speeds:	1
Duct diameter:	150 mm

In room 123 of building 10, all microclimate standards are met in accordance with SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96.

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Artificial lighting

Artificial lighting is divided into working, emergency, security and duty.

The standardized characteristics of indoor and outdoor lighting are provided both by general lighting fixtures and by their joint action with emergency lighting fixtures.

Work lighting should be provided for all premises of buildings, as well as for areas of open spaces intended for work, the passage of people and traffic. For rooms with zones with different natural lighting conditions and different operating modes, separate control of the lighting of such zones is necessary.

Standard lighting indicators for office premises are shown in Table 5.4.

Table 5.3 - Standard lighting indicators for the main premises of public, residential and auxiliary buildings.

	The plane of	Category and sub-category of visual work	Artificial lighting
	normalizatio n of illumination		Illumination of working surfaces, lx		UGR combined discomfort score, no more	Illumination ripple coefficient,	Light source color rendering index Ra
Premises	and KEO, the height of the plane		With the combi ned	In gener al
	above the
	floor, m
Cabinets and work rooms, offices, representative offices	G-0,8	B-1	400/200	300	21	15	80

The total illumination in a room with personal computers should be 300 lux.

As sources of artificial lighting at the workplace, 4 office LED lamps are used, the location of which is shown in Figure 5.1.

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Figure 5.1 - Layout of fixtures at the workplace of a lighting engineer: 1- fixtures.
Let's calculate the artificial illumination of the room using the utilization factor method. The characteristics of the LED luminaire used in office space are as follows:

• 
  power 40 W;
  
• 
  luminous flux 4240 lm;
  
• 
  light temperature 4000 K;
  

- IP 40.

_i A B

h ( A B)
where: A is the length of the room, m; B is the width of the room, m; h is the height of the luminaire suspension above the working surface, m.

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Also, correctly designed and executed lighting ensures a high level of efficiency, reduces the load on the organs of vision, has a positive psychological effect on workers, and helps to increase labor productivity.

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Electrical safety

Electrical safety is a system of organizational and technical measures and means to protect people from harmful and dangerous effects of electric current, electric arc, electromagnetic field and static electricity.

The premises for electrical safety are divided into 3 groups:

1. 
   A room without increased danger (dry, well-heated, room with non-conductive floors, with a temperature of 18–20 °, with a humidity of 40–50%).
   
2. 
   A room with increased danger (where there is one of the following signs: high temperature, humidity 70-80%, conductive floors, metal dust, the presence of grounding, a large amount of equipment).
   
3. 
   Premises are especially dangerous, in which there are two signs from the second group or there are caustic or poisonous explosive substances in the room.
   

According to [75], electrical safety must be ensured by the design of electrical installations, technical methods and means of protection. Electrical installations and their parts are designed in such a way that workers are not exposed to dangerous and harmful effects of electric current and electromagnetic fields, and comply with electrical safety requirements.

First of all, safety is ensured by the use of collective protective equipment, and then, if it cannot be ensured, personal protective equipment is used.

The means of collective protection against electric shock include: protective devices, which can be stationary and portable. Fences can be interlocked with devices that cut off the operating voltage when removed; insulating devices and coatings; protective grounding, neutralization and protective shutdown devices; remote control devices; safety devices, etc.

Also, personal protective equipment is divided into basic and additional. The main protective insulating means include insulating rods, insulating pliers and electrical voltage indicators, dielectric gloves, fitting and assembly tools with insulating handles. Additional insulating protective equipment includes means that supplement the main ones, and can also serve to protect against touch voltage and step voltage. Dielectric galoshes, dielectric rugs, insulating supports [76] serve as additional protective equipment.

3. Noise

Industrial noise is the noise in workplaces, on sites or on the territory of enterprises, which occurs during the production process. Noise and vibration worsen working conditions, have a harmful effect on the human body, namely, on the hearing organs and on the entire body through the central nervous system. As a result, attention is weakened, memory deteriorates, reaction decreases, and the number of

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