Файл: Исследование суточных вариаций поровой активности радона в поверхностных грунтах удк 550. 42 546. 296 551. 51.docx

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PLANNED RESULTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PLO/OPOP

SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS

Introduction

1 Chapter

Areas applications quantities density flow radon

Climatology. Radon - as a tracer of air exchangeprocesses

Static and dynamic methods measurements

Chapter

Dynamics of radon activity and its decay products inside the storage chamber

Conclusion on the chapter The field of β-radiation at depths of 0.5 and 1 m quite well reflects the dynamics of the radon subsoil field, the daily variation is well traced. However, the daily course of the β-field in some periods has a shift compared to the daily course of the radon field, i.e. the time of the onset of the maximum in the dynamics of the β-field is ahead/late by several hours.The dynamics of RA of radon in soil air at the same depth, but at a distance of 1.5–2 m, can differ significantly. The maxima in the daily course of RA of radon at different depths occur at different times, at a depth of 0.5 m - approximately at 16-18 hours, and at a depth of 1 m - at 24 hours. The delay in some periods reaches 8 hours.Correlation analysis between the radon field and meteorological values revealed only a significant relationship with the amount of rainfall.A 2-month experiment on the calibration of β- and α-radiation detectors installed in wells did not make it possible to unambiguously determine the correction factors for converting to units of volumetric activity. As a result, it was decided to conduct a second experiment with some adjustment of the experimental design, as well as refinement of the VA detector installation scheme. The requirements for the conditions for calibrating the readings of the VA detector in units of RA of radon are as follows: Wells with VA detectors installed inside should not be opened during calibration, i.e. tubes for pumping air from the well, which are cyclically connected to the radon radiometer, should be installed at least a day before the start of the experiment. The VA detectors should not be removed from the well or moved in the well during calibration, as this leads to a distortion of the time series of data. To calculate the coefficient of decrease in the range of diurnal variations after the start of pumping air from the well, it is necessary to record data from the VA detector at least a week before the start of the experiment, and after its completion. The development of the project infrastructure made it possible to analyze the results of the calibration of soil detectors by 0.5 and 1 мusing a radon radiometer, which showed the following:at depth, 0,5 мthe temporal changes in the α- and β-fields are practically synchronous, but have different amplitudes ;in the daily course of radon VA at different depths, the maxima at depth 0,5 мare recorded at 16–18 h, and at depth 1 мat 24 h; the delay in time of the moments of the onset of maxima in radon VA is

Chapter 4 Financial management, resource efficiency and resource saving

Consumer portrait

SWOT analysis

Project Initiation

Project Participants

Project Schedule

Scientific and technical research budget

Basic salary

Additional salary

Overhead costs

Conclusion

Social responsibility

Industrial safety

Artificial lighting

Electrical safety

Static electricity

Safety in emergencies

Conclusions to the section social security

List of sources used

application 1




      1. 1   ...   17   18   19   20   21   22   23   24   ...   32

Overhead costs


Overhead costs include other management and maintenance costs that can be allocated directly to the project. In addition, this includes expenses for the maintenance, operation and repair of equipment, production tools and equipment, buildings, structures, etc.

Overhead costs account from 30% to 90% of the amount of base and additional salary of employees.

Overhead is calculated according to the formula:



where,

Сov

kov(Wbase

Wadd)

(4.15)

kov overhead rate.

Table 4.15 Overhead




Project leader

Executor

Overhead rate

40%

Salary, rubles

94240.60

79974.03

Overhead, rubles

37696.24

31989.61

Total, rubles

69685.85



      1. Other direct costs


Energy costs for equipment are calculated by the formula:


С Pel Р Feq,

(4.16)

where,


el
P− power rates (5.8 rubles per 1 kWh);

Р power of equipment, kW;

Feq

equipment usage time, hours.


Table 4.16 Other direct costs





Power rates, kWh

Power of equipment, kW

Equipment usage time, hr

Energy cost, rubles

Climatic chamber

5.8

0.5

24

69.60

Laptop

5.8

0.5

492

1426.80

Gamma radiation detector

(BDKG-03)

5.8

0.5

24

69.60

Total

1566.00




Formation of budget costs


The calculated cost of research is the basis for budgeting project

costs.

Determining the budget for the scientific research is given in the

table 4.17

Table 4.17 Items expenses grouping


Name

Cost, rubles

1. Material costs

2600.00

2. Equipment costs

30493.15

3. Basic salary

158376.94

4. Additional salary

15837.69

5. Labor tax

47117.92

6. Overhead

69685.85

7. Other direct costs

1566.00

Total planned costs

325677.55



    1. Evaluation of the comparative effectiveness of the project


Determination of efficiency is based on the calculation of the integral indicator of the effectiveness of scientific research. Its finding is associated with the definition of two weighted average values: financial efficiency and resource efficiency.

The integral indicator of the financial efficiency of a scientific study is obtained in the course of estimating the budget for the costs of

three (or more) variants of the execution of a scientific study. For this, the largest integral indicator of the implementation of the technical problem is taken as the calculation base (as the denominator), with which the financial values for all the options are correlated.

The integral financial measure of development is defined as:






(4.17)

where,
integral financial measure of development;

Ci the cost of the
i-th version;

Cmax – the maximum cost of execution of a research project (including analogues).

As an analogue, the method of temperature stabilization of a radiation detector is done by placing the detector in the climatic chamber and measuring the dose rate and count rate of a gamma ray source.

The integral financial measure of development can be calculated

as:

where,
????????????
=????????

????????????????

(4.18)

Ci the cost of the research work using gamma background radiation = 325707.14

And Cmax the maximum cost of execution of research project using a gamma radioactive source = 400,000.00

????????????

= 325677.55

400000.00

(4.19)



and

???????????? = 0.814 (4.20)


=

????
???? ????????

???? ????????????????


=

????
???? 400000.00



???? 400000.00

(4.21)
(4.22)


????
???????? = 1 (4.23)

The obtained value of the integral financial measure of development reflects the corresponding numerical increase in the budget of development costs in times (the value is greater than one), or the corresponding numerical reduction in the cost of development in times (the value is less than one, but greater than zero).
Since the development has one performance, then = 1.

The integral indicator of the resource efficiency of the variants of the research object can be determined as follows:


n

n
Iа abаIр abр



where,

т i i

i1

т i i

i1

(4.24)


Iт integral indicator of resource efficiency for the i-th

version of the development;

ai the weighting factor of the i-th version of the development;



b

b
a р

i, i


  • score rating of the i-th version of the development, is

established by an expert on the selected rating scale;

n number of comparison parameters.

The calculation of the integral indicator of resource efficiency is presented in the form of table 4.18.

Table 4.18 Evaluation of the performance of the project



Criteria

Weight criterion

Points

I ат

Iрт

1. Energy efficiency

0.2

5

3

2. Reliability

0.1

4

4

3. Safety

0.2

5

5

4. Functional capacity

0.1

4

4

Economic criteria for performance evaluation

1. The cost of development

0.1

4

4

2. Market penetration rate

0.1

5

5

3. Expected life

0.1

4

4

4. After-sales service

0.1

4

5

Total

1

4.5

4.2