Файл: Исследование суточных вариаций поровой активности радона в поверхностных грунтах удк 550. 42 546. 296 551. 51.docx

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To date, various companies, including private accredited ones, provide radiation monitoring services. They monitor soil radon and the density of radon flux from the earth's surface, mainly for the purpose of predicting earthquakes, or, occasionally, in radioecological and geoecological surveys before construction begins.

At the moment, radiation monitoring includes synchronous continuous automated high sampling rate (1–10 min.) measurements of the characteristics of ionizing radiation fields. the density of radon and thoron fluxes from the ground surface, as well as the volumetric activity of radon, thoron and their daughter decay products at depths up to 5 m and heights up to 35 m. This method requires expensive equipment, such as the Alfaradplus measuring complex, MKS-08P dosimeters- radiometers and other measuring instruments.

2. Competitiveness analysis of technical solutions

In order to find sources of financing for the project, it is necessary, first, to determine the commercial value of the work. Analysis of competitive technical solutions in terms of resource efficiency and resource saving allows to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of scientific development. This analysis is advisable to carry out using an evaluation card.

The monitoring ad measuring of radiation level in the environment has become a very important factor in our world today and this can be achieved by using an appropriate device or equipment known as the radiation detector. Scintillation detectors are mostly used for measuring radiation outdoor and are mostly affected by environmental conditions such as temperature. Since radiation detectors are been developed most often, it is important to find the most effective and accurate method for estimating the correct algorithm for calculating dose rate under different environmental condition, especially at different temperature range, taking into consideration low cost. This algorithm must be able to calculate radiation dose rate at both low and high levels. In this work, a method with a very low cost was chosen to investigate the effect of current temperature on the readings of flux

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density of radon to the surface atmosphere and to obtain a temperature correction factor that can be used to calculate the results of flux density These methods include:

The use of climatic chamber to depict the environmental conditions for different temperature range.

The use of an inorganic scintillation detector and laptop to measure dose rate and count rate at low background gamma radiation.

The use of excel software to analysis the results.

The scintillation detector (BDKG-03) was used because that is the radiation detector used in TPU for gamma radiation monitoring. An experiment conducted showed that the scintillation detector (BDPA-01) is the best Dosimetric method sensitive to background radiation because it had a smaller standard deviation compared to the gas discharge counter.

There are different sources of low background radiation that can be used as a source to calibrate radiation detectors that are used for monitoring in the environment. For this research, two sources can be considered:

Gamma background radiation – P_f. Low radioactive source – P_i.

First of all, it is necessary to analyze possible technical solutions and choose the best one based on the considered technical and economic criteria.

Evaluation map analysis presented in Table 1. The position of your research and competitors is evaluated for each indicator by you on a five-point scale, where 1 is the weakest position and 5 is the strongest. The weights of indicators determined by you in the amount should be

1. Analysis of competitive technical solutions is determined by the

formula:

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  set of terminals relay protection;
  
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  reliability of relay protection;
  
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  smart interface quality;
  
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  energy efficiency;
  
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  ease of operation;
  
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  ability to connect to PC;
  
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  estimated lifetime;
  
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  safety;
  
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  etc.
  

Table 4.1 Evaluation card for comparison of competitive technical solutions

Evaluation criteria Example	Criterion weight	Points		Competitiveness Taking into account weight coefficients
		????????1	????????	????????	????????
1	2	3	4	7	8
Technical criteria for evaluating resource efficiency
1. Energy efficiency	0.1	4	3	0.4	0.3
2. Reliability	0.2	5	4	1	0.8
3. Safety	0.2	5	4	1	0.8
4. Functional capacity	0.1	5	5	0.5	0.5
Economic criteria for performance evaluation
1. Development cost	0.1	5	4	0.5	0.4
2. Market penetration rate	0.1	3	4	0.3	0.4
3. Expected lifecycle	0.2	5	4	1	0.8
Total	1	32	28	4.7	4.0

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The results of the competitiveness analysis shows that gamma background radiation have the highest value of competitiveness. This shows that they are the best option to choose when investigating the effect of ambient temperature on the readings of low gamma background radiation in order to obtain a temperature correction factor that can be used to calculate the results of low gamma background radiation.

3. 1   ...   9   10   11   12   13   14   15   16   ...   32

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SWOT analysis

Complex analysis solution with the greatest competitiveness is carried out with the method of the SWOT analysis: Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats. The analysis has several stages. The first stage consists of describing the strengths and weaknesses of the project, identifying opportunities and threats to the project that have emerged or may appear in its external environment. The second stage consists of identifying the compatibility of the strengths and weaknesses of the project with the external environmental conditions. This compatibility or incompatibility should help to identify what strategic changes are needed.
Table 4.2 SWOT analysis

Strengths: S1. Low cost. S2. Simplicity of method. S3. Reliability of results obtained. S4.Small relative error for both the dose rate and the count rate. S4. Very safe. S5. Very important factor for all radiation detectors.

Weaknesses: W1. Taking measurement and analyzing takes lots of time. W2. Difficulty in getting data the actual temperature in different places. W3. Need to know how to operate the detector and climatic chamber technically.

		W4. Software sometimes take long to open.
Opportunities: O1.Data can be used to calculate dose rate for low background radiation in BDPA-01 scintillation detector. O2. Research institute could use the method to find the influence of ambient temperature on gamma background radiation of any radiation detector used outdoor. O3. Researchers can use the method can be used to estimate the algorithm for calculating dose rate under the influence of different temperature range.	Strategy_which_based_on'>Strategy which based onstrengths andopportunities: 1. Obtained a method, which can be used to calibrate dose rate in radiation detectors.	Strategy which based onweaknesses andopportunities: Using open sources with data of temperature for measurement.
Threats: T1. Lack of financial support in purchasing of equipment. T2. Lack of demand since it is needed only after development of a radiation detector. T3. Need of a climatic chamber to depict the environmental weather conditions.	Strategywhichbasedonstrengths andthreats: Finding another equipment that can replace the climatic chamber to depict the environmental condition accurately.	Strategywhichbasedonweaknessesandthreats: Not being able to complete project due to lack of financial support and lack weather data.

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