Файл: ОЗО БФ англ..doc

Упр. 1. Укажите Complex Object. Предложения переведите:

1. We consider this congress to be one of the biggest events of our time. 2. Have you ever heard him speak at the meeting? 3. I should like you to do this work at once. 4. Some of the delegates may wish the report to be translated into their native language. 5. I expect them to be discussing this question now. 6. We suppose them to have changed the time-table. 7. Nothing could make him stay there. 8. The pupil wanted the teacher to ask him. 9. The patient wants the doctor to examine him. 10. The doctor made me take the medicine. 11. I hope my friends to come to my birthday party. 12. The old man hoped the dog to show him the way.

Упр. 2. Вставьте частицу to, где необходимо (см. примечание 1):

1. Our teacher wanted us … stay after classes. 2. We saw her son … enter the house. 3. Everybody noticed Peter … leave the room. 4. My parents prefer me … stay at home. 5. They made me … do it. 6. We were watching the boat … come up to the shore. 7. We can’t let you … go so early. 8. The guests would like her … sing for them. 9. I wish him … be healthy, wealthy and wise. 10. We are waiting for the guests … arrive.

Упр. 3. Переведите (см. примечание 2):

1. Nobody has noticed him come in. 2. Nobody has seen him go upstairs. 3. He heard footsteps coming from the direction of the library. 4. Bridget heard Luke drive up. She came out on the steps to meet him. 5. As I looked out at the garden I heard a motor-truck starting on the road. 6. One night in late November I heard him make a remark about his coming marriage. 7. I heard him saying the other day he could do with a few more pounds a week. 8. I held her close against me and could feel her heart beating. 9. We saw the troops marching along the road.

Упр. 4. Закончите предложения, употребив Complex Object:

1. Our friends wanted (чтобы мы пошли на концерт). 2. We saw (как дети играли в футбол). 3. This girl has a fine voice. Have you heard (как она поет)? 4. I watched (как молодой человек играл на пианино). 5. We didn’t notice (как он вышел). 6. We want (чтобы вы получили хорошее образование). 7. I saw (как он работает). 8. We consider (что он хороший друг).

Упр. 5. Закончите предложения:

1. I want you to … . 2. I’d like the dean to … . 3. We hope our pupils to …. 4. I didn’t expect you to … . 5. We saw our Rector … . 6. I wanted my mother to … . 7. I know you to … .

LESSON 2

Complex Subject Сложное дополнение

Оборот «сложное подлежащее» состоит из двух компонентов: существительного в общем падеже (или местоимения в именительном падеже), расположенного перед сказуемым, и инфинитива, расположенного после сказуемого.

В предложении He is said to know Chineese He … to know – Complex Subject, но переводить нужно начинать со сказуемого, выражающего чужие мысли по поводу действия, о котором идет речь в предложении.

Complex Subject употребляется после определенных глаголов, а именно:

После того, как перевели сказуемое неопределенным личным предложением или вводным предложением, переводим само Complex Subject. Его первый элемент делаем подлежащим придаточного предложения, а второй (инфинитив) – сказуемым. Полученное придаточное предложение присоединяем к главному союзом «что».

Таким образом, He is said to know Chineese переводится: Говорят, что он знает китайский.

Упр. 1. Назовите Complex Subject. Предложения переведите:

1. They were seen to leave the house early in the morning. 2. Philip Bosinney was known to be a young man without fortune. 2. These islands are said to have been discovered as early as 1762. 4. We are sure to come back. 5. He is said to be very ill. 6. She was not expected to answer, but she did. 7. He was thought to be honest and kindly. 8. The book is believed to have been written in the 15^thcentury. 9. But he is sure to marry her. 10. This fire is certain to produce a panic in the morning. 11. They seemed to have quite forgotten him already. 12. Only yesterday we happened to see Soames Forsyte. 13. The experiment proved to be a failure. 14. The Earth was proved not to be quite a sphere. 15. The first university in Britain is known to be founded in the 12^thcentury.

Упр. 2. Преобразуйте следующие предложения, употребив Complex Subject.

Образец: Itisexpectedthatsummerwill start soon. –Summeris expectedto startsoon.

1. It is believed that everything will be O.K. 2. It is known that she drives a car well. 3. It is supposed that there is a secret tunnel between them. 4. It is expected that the company will lose money this year. 5. It seems that the class will end soon. 6. It is likely that we will learn new words. 7. It is expected that the computer saves the scientists a lot of time. 8. It is said that this factory produces modern furniture. 9. It is believed that the expedition will return next Sunday. 10. It is unlikely that the meeting will take place tomorrow.

LESSON 3

For-to-Infinitive Construction

Инфинитивный оборот с предлогом for состоит из предлога for + существительное в общем падеже (или местоимение в именительном падеже) + инфинитив. Оборот переводится придаточным дополнительным предложением, связанным с главным союзами чтобы, что или простым предложением, поставив существительное/местоимение после for в дательный падеж.

It is necessary for you to know it.–Необходимо, чтобы вы знали это. Вам необходимо знать это.

Упр. 1. Переведите следующие предложения:

1. Have you got anything for me to read? 2. It will take a number of years for the two sides to come to an agreement. 3. It will be convenient for all of us to have the exam on Monday. 4. We are waiting for the jury to announce their verdict. 5. He waited for the papers to be published. 6. There is only one thing for you to do. 7. For the experiment to be successful he had to do much work. 8. It will be convenient for them to postponeотложить the visit.

Упр. 2. Из данных слов и выражений составьте предложения, употребляя конструкцию “For … to + Infinitive”:

Упр. 3. Закончите следующие предложения:

1. It is necessary for her … . 2. It is advisable желательно for them … . 3. They waited for us … . 4. It was important for them … . 5. There was no reason for him … .

LESSON 4

Перевод слов с суффиксом –ed

1) Глагол с суффиксом –ed является сказуемым, если в предложении нет другого глагола и (или) если слева от него стоят:

а) личное местоимение в именительном падеже или другое подлежащее:

Fortunately she recognized the boy. – К счастью, она узнала мальчика.

б) неопределенные наречия always, often, usually, sometimes, never … :

They often played in small groups. – Они часто играли маленькими группами.

в)глаголto beилиto have:

She is not well and has changed very much of late. –Она нездорова и сильно изменилась в последнее время. The room was dimly lighted from the ceiling by a single electric lamp. –Комната слабо освещалась с потолка единственной электрической лампочкой.

2) В остальных случаях слово с суффиксом –ed является причастием II. Справа от него часто стоят словосочетания с предлогами by, in и др. Перевод причастия II обусловлен контекстом и временем глагола-сказуемого:

обсуждаемый

обсуждающийся

discussed обсужденный

обсуждавшийся

Упр. 1. а) Прежде чем переводить предложение, определите, являются ли слова с суффиксом –ed сказуемыми или выполняют другую функцию;

б) Предложения переведите:

1. The results receivedby the scientists werediscussedat the conference. 2. The articletranslatedat the lesson is of great interest for me. 3. I was very muchsurprised. 4. They say the programmes will bebasedon episodes from students’ life. 5. No nation was everruinedby trade. 6.Brain-damagedchildrenplacedin a classroomlimitedto 10 or 12 pupils were able to return to regular classes within one to three years. 7. The questionaskedby the professor was very difficult. 8. I have not yetlookedat the newspaper. 9. At last you have come: I havewaitedfor you for about an hour. 10. The child began a sitdown strikeexpressedby negativences. 11. The boyprogressedfrom the very simple social-emotional stage to a very complex personality. 12. It is a mistake to discipline the child out of habitdeterminedby his temperament. 13. The pupil’s pride in successful achievementstrengthenedhis newlyestablishedwork habits. 14. They alwaysusedsuch methods. 15. We spoke of some frequentlyusedmethods of work.