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1.1 Complete the sentences with one of the following verbs in the correct form:
1.2 Use the words in brackets to complete the questions.
1.3 Put the verb into the correct form. Sometimes you need the negative (I'm not doing etc.).
1.4 Read this conversation between Brian and Sarah. Put the verbs into the correct form.
1.5 Complete the sentences using one of these verbs: get change rise fall increase
2.1 Complete the sentences using one of the following:
2.2 Put the verb into the correct form.
2.3 Use one of the following verbs to complete these sentences. Sometimes you need the negative:
2.4 Ask Liz questions about herself and her family.
2.5 Complete using one of the following.
3.1 Are the underlined verbs right or wrong? Correct the verbs that are wrong.
3.2 Put the verb in the correct form, present continuous or present simple.
4.1 Are the underlined verbs right or wrong? Correct the ones that are wrong.
4.3 Put the verb into the correct form, present continuous or present simple.
5.1 Read what Sharon says about a typical working day:
5.2 Put one of these verbs in each sentence:
5.3 A friend has just come back from holiday. You ask him about it. Write your questions.
5.4 Complete the sentences, Put the verb into the correct form, positive or negative.
6.2 Use your own ideas to complete these sentences. Use the past continuous.
6.3 Put the verbs into the correct form, past continuous or past simple.
6.4 Put the verbs into the correct form, past continuous or past simple.
7.2 Read the situations and write sentences. Choose one of the following:
7.4 Read the situations and write sentences with just, already or yet.
8.2 Complete Bs answers. Some sentences are positive and some negative. Use a verb from this list:
8.3 Complete these sentences using today/this year/this term etc.
8.4 Read the situations and write sentences as shown in the examples.
9.1 What have these people been doing or what has been happening?
9.2 Write a question for each situation.
9.3 Read the situations and complete the sentences.
10.1 Read the situations and write two sentences using the words in brackets.
10.2 For each situation, ask a question using the words in brackets.
11.1 Are the underlined verbs right or wrong? Correct them if they are wrong.
11.2 Read the situations and write questions from the words in brackets.
11.3 Complete Bs answers to a's questions.
12.1 Write questions with how long and when.
12.2 Read the situations and complete the sentences beginning in the way shown.
12.4 Write Bs sentences using the words in brackets.
13.1 What has happened in these situations?
13.2 Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form, present perfect or past simple.
13.3 Are the underlined parts of these sentences right or wrong? Correct the ones that are wrong.
13.4 (Section c) Put the verb into the most suitable form, present perfect or past simple.
14.1 Are the underlined parts of these sentences right or wrong? Correct the ones that are wrong.
14.2 Make sentences from the words in brackets. Use the present perfect or past simple.
14.3 Put the verb into the correct form, present perfect or past simple.
14.4 Write sentences about yourself using the ideas in brackets.
15.1 Read the situations and write sentences from the words in brackets.
15.2 Read the situations and write sentences ending with before. Use the verb given in brackets.
15.4 Put the verb into the correct form, past perfect (I had done etc.) or past simple (I did etc.).
16.1 Read the situations and make sentences from the words in brackets.
16.2 Read the situations and complete the sentences.
17.1 Write negative sentences with have. Some are present (can't) and some are past (couldn't).
17.2 Complete these questions with have. Some are present and some are past.
18.2 Brian changed his lifestyle. He stopped doing some things and started doing other things:
18.3 Compare what Carol said five years ago and what she says today:
19.3 Have you arranged to do anything at these times? Write (true) sentences about yourself.
19.4 Put the verb into the more suitable form, present continuous or present simple.
20.2 Write a question with going to for each situation.
20.3 Read the situations and complete the dialogues. Use going to.
20.4 What is going to happen in these situations? Use the words in brackets.
21.2 Read the situations and write sentences with I think I'll ... Or I don't think I'll ...
21.3 Which is correct? (If necessary, study Units 19-20 first.)
21.4 What do you say in these situations? Write sentences with shall I ...? or shall we ...?
22.3 Put in will ('ll) or won't.
22.4 Where will you be at these times? Write true sentences about yourself. Use one of these:
23.1 Complete the sentences using will ('ll) or going to.
23.2 Read the situations and complete the sentences using will ('ll) or going to.
24.2 Put the verb into the correct form, will be (do)ing or will have (done).
25.2 Make one sentence from two.
25.3 Read the situations and complete the sentences.
26.2 Write sentences about yourself using the ideas in brackets.
26.4 Complete the answers to the questions with was/were able to.
26.5 Complete the sentences using could, couldn't or was/were able to.
27.1 Answer the questions with a suggestion. Use could.
27.2 Put in can or could. Sometimes either word is possible.
27.4 Read this information about Ken:
28.2 Complete the sentences with a verb in the correct form.
29.1 Write these sentences in a different way using may or might.
29.2 Complete the sentences with a verb in the correct form.
29.3 Read the situations and make sentences from the words in brackets. Use may or might.
29.4 Complete the sentences using might not or couldn't.
30. Write sentences with may or might.
30.4 Write sentences with may not or might not.
30.5 Read the situations and make sentences with may/might as well.
31.2 Make questions with have to.
31.4 Complete these sentences with mustn't or don't/doesn't have to.
32.2 Complete the sentences with must, mustn't or needn't.
32.3 Read the situations and make sentences with needn't have.
33.2 Read the situations and write sentences with I think/I don't think ... Should...
34.1 Write a sentence (beginning in the way shown) that means the same as the first sentence.
34.2 Are these sentences right or wrong?
34.4 Complete these sentences using if ... Should... .
35.1 Complete the sentences. Sometimes you need only one word, sometimes two.
35.2 Read the situations and write sentences with had better. Use the words in brackets.
35.3 Put in had better or should. Sometimes either is possible.
35.4 Read the situations and write sentences with It's time (somebody did something).
36.1 Read the situations and write questions beginning Can ... Or Could ...
36.2 Read the situations and write questions beginning Do you think ...
36.3 What would you say in these situations?
37.1 Put the verb into the correct form.
37.2 You ask a friend questions. Use What would you do if ...?
37.3 Answer the questions in the way shown.
37.4 Use your own ideas to complete these sentences.
38.1 Put the verb into the correct form.
38.2 Write a sentence with If ... For each situation.
38.3 Write sentences beginning I wish ...
38.4 Write your own sentences beginning I wish ...
39.1 Put the verb into the correct form.
39.2 Write a sentence with if for each situation.
39.3 Imagine that you are in these situations. For each situation, write a sentence with I wish ...
40.2 Write sentences using promised.
40.3 What do you say in these situations? Write sentences with I wish ... Would ...
40.4 Are these sentences right or wrong? Correct the ones that are wrong.
40.5 These sentences are about things that often happened in the past. Complete the sentences using
41.1 Complete the sentences using one of these verbs in the correct form:
41.2 Write questions using the passive. Some are present and some are past.
41.3 Put the verb into the correct form, present simple or past simple, active or passive.
41.4 Rewrite these sentences. Instead of using 'somebody/they/people' etc. Write a passive sentence.
42.1 What do these words mean? Use it can ... Or it can't... . Use a dictionary if necessary.
42.2 Complete these sentences with one of the following verbs (in the correct form):
42.3 Rewrite these sentences. Instead of using 'somebody' or 'they', write a passive sentence.
43.2 Write these sentences in another way, beginning in the way shown.
44.2 People say a lot of things about Arthur. For example:
45.1 Tick (V) the correct sentence, (a) or (b), for each picture.
45.2 Why did you do these things? Answer using 'have something done'. Use one of these verbs:
45.3 Write sentences in the way shown.
45.4 Use the words in brackets to complete the sentences. Use the structure 'have something done'.
45.5 Now you have to use 'have something done' with its second meaning (see Section c).
46.1 Yesterday you met a friend of yours, Charlie. Here are some of the things Charlie said to you:
47.1 Here are some things that Ann said to you:
47.2 Complete the sentences with say or tell (in the correct form). Use only one word each time.
47.3 (Section c) The following sentences are direct speech:
48.1 Ask Liz questions. (Look at her answers before you write the questions.)
48.2 Make questions with who or what.
48.3 Put the words in brackets in the correct order. All the sentences are questions.
48.4 Write negative questions from the words in brackets. In each situation you are surprised.
49.1 Make a new sentence from the question in brackets.
50.2 You never agree with Sue. Answer in the way shown.
51.1 Put a question tag on the end of these sentences.
52.1 Complete each sentence with one of these verbs:
1.3 The following verbs can be regular or irregular:
2. Choose the right alternative.
4. Use your own ideas to complete b's sentences.
7. Put the verbs into the correct form.
8. Put the verb into the most suitable form.
12. Put the verbs in the most suitable form. Sometimes there is more than one possibility.
13. Put the verb into the correct form. Choose from the following:
15. Make sentences from the words in brackets.
16. Put the verb into the correct form.
18. Use your own ideas to complete these sentences.
19. Put the verb into the correct form.
20. Put the verb into the most suitable passive form.
21. Put the verb into the correct form, active or passive.
22. Read these newspaper reports and put the verbs into the most suitable form.
23. Put the verb into the correct form.
24. Make sentences from the words in brackets.
25. Complete the second sentence so that the meaning is similar to the first.
27. Choose the right alternative.
28. Put in one of the following prepositions: at on in for since during by until
29. Put in the missing preposition.
30. Put in the missing preposition.
EXERCISES
47.1 Here are some things that Ann said to you:
I've never been to the United States.
I don't have any brothers or sisters.
Dave is lazy.
I don't like fish.
I can't drive.
Jane is a friend of mine
I'm working tomorrow evening.
Jane has a very well-paid job.
But later Ann says something different to you. What do you say?
1. Dave works very hard.
_But you said he was lazy._
2. Let's have fish for dinner.
3. I'm going to buy a car.
4. Jane is always short of money.
5. My sister lives in London.
6. I think New York is a fantastic place.
7. Let's go out tomorrow evening.
8. I've never spoken to Jane.
47.2 Complete the sentences with say or tell (in the correct form). Use only one word each time.
1. Ann said goodbye to me and left.
2. --- us about your holiday. Did you have a nice time?
3. Don't just stand there! --- something!
4. I wonder where Sue is. She --- she would be here at 8 o'clock.
5. Jack --- me that he was fed up with his job.
6. The doctor --- that I should rest for at least a week.
7. Don't --- anybody what I --- It's a secret just between us.
8. 'Did she --- you what happened?' 'No, she didn't --- anything to me.'
9. George couldn't help me. He --- me to ask Kate.
10. George couldn't help me. He --- to ask Kate.
47.3 (Section c) The following sentences are direct speech:
Don't wait for me if I'm late.
Will you marry me?
Hurry up!
Can you open your bag, please?
Mind your own business
Please slow down!
Could you repeat what you said,.please?
Don't worry, sue.
Do you think you could give me a hand, Tom?
Now choose one of these to complete each sentence below. Use reported speech.
1. Bill was taking a long time to get ready, so I _told him to hurry up._
2. Sarah was driving too fast, so I asked ---
3. Sue was very pessimistic about the situation. I told ---
4. I couldn't move the piano alone, so I ---
5. The customs officer looked at me suspiciously and ---
6. I had difficulty understanding him, so I ---
7. I didn't want to delay Ann, so I ---
8. John was very much in love with Mary, so he ---
9. He started asking me personal questions, so ---
UNIT 48. Questions (1)
A. We usually make questions by changing the word order: we put the first auxiliary verb (AV) before the subject (S):
Tom will -> will Tom?
* Will Tom be here tomorrow?
you have -> have you?
* Have you been working hard?
I can -> can I?
* What can I do? (not 'What I can do?')
the house was -> was the house?
* When was the house built? (not 'When was built the house?')
B. In present simple questions, we use do/does:
you live -> do you live?
* Do you live near here?
the film begins -> does the film begin?
* What time does the film begin? (not 'What time begins ...?')
In past simple questions, we use did:
you sold -> did you sell?
* Did you sell your car?
the accident happened -> did the accident happen?
* How did the accident happen?
But do not use do/does/did in questions if who/what/which is the subject of the sentence. Compare:
who object
Emma telephoned _somebody._(object)
_Who_(object) did Emma telephone?
who subject
_Somebody_(subject) telephoned Emma.
_Who_(subject) telephoned Emma?
In these examples, who/what/which is the subject:
* Who wants something to eat? (not 'Who does want')
* What happened to you last night? (not 'What did happen')
* Which bus goes to the city centre? (not 'Which bus does go')
C. Note the position of prepositions in questions beginning Who/What/Which/Where ...?:
* Who do you want to speak to?
* What was the weather like yesterday?
* Which job has Jane applied for?
* Where do you come from?
D. Negative questions (isn't it ...?/didn't you ...?)
We use negative questions especially to show surprise:
* Didn't you hear the bell? I rang it four times.
or when we expect the listener to agree with us:
* 'Haven't we met somewhere before 'Yes, I think we have.'
* Isn't it a beautiful day! (= It's a beautiful day, isn't it?)
Note the meaning of yes and no in answers to negative questions:
* Don't you want to go to the party? Yes. (=Yes, I want to go)
* Don't you want to go to the party? .No. (=No, I don't want to go)
Note the word order in negative questions beginning Why ...?:
* Why don't we go out for a meal tonight? (not 'Why we don't...')
* Why wasn't Mary at work yesterday? (not 'Why Mary wasn't...')
EXERCISES
48.1 Ask Liz questions. (Look at her answers before you write the questions.)
1. (where/from?) Where are you from?
_From London originally._
2. (where/live/now?) Where ---
In Manchester.
3. (married?) ---
Yes.
4. (how long/married?) ---
12 years.
5. (children?) ---
Yes, three boys.
6. (how old/they?) ---
4, 7 and 9.
7. (what/husband/do?) ---
He's a policeman.
8. (he/enjoy his job?) ---
Yes, very much.
9. (arrest anyone yesterday?) ---
I don't know.
10. (how often/go/on holiday?) ---
Usually once a year.
11. (where/next year?) ---
We don't know yet.
48.2 Make questions with who or what.
1. Somebody hit me. _Who hit you?_
2. I hit somebody. _Who did you hit?_
3. Somebody gave me the key. Who ---
4. Something happened. What ---
5. Diane told me something. ---
6. This book belongs to somebody. ---
7. Somebody lives in that house. ---
8 I fell over something. ---
9. Something fell on the floor. ---
10. This word means something. ---
11. I borrowed the money from somebody. ---
12. I'm worried about something. ---
48.3 Put the words in brackets in the correct order. All the sentences are questions.
1. (when/was/built/this house) _When was this house built?_
2. (how/cheese/is/made)
3. (when/invented /the computer/was)
4. (why/Sue/working/ isn't/today)
5. (what time/coming/your friends/are)
6. (why/was/cancelled/the concert)
7. (where/your mother/was/born)
8. (why/you/to the party/didn't/come)
9. (how/the accident/did/happen)
10. (why/this machine/doesn't/work)
48.4 Write negative questions from the words in brackets. In each situation you are surprised.
1. A: We won't see Ann this evening.
B: Why not? (she/not/come/to the party?) _Isn't she coming to the party?_
2. A: I hope we don't meet Brian tonight.
B: Why? (you/not/like/him?)
3. A: Don't go and see that film.
B: Why not? (it/not/good)
4. A: I'll have to borrow some money.
B: Why? (you/not/have/any?)
UNIT 49. Questions (2) (Do you know where ..? She asked me where ...)
A. When we ask for information, we often say Do you know ...?/Could you tell me ...? etc. If you begin a question like this, the word order is different from a simple question.
Compare:
Where has Tom gone? (simple question)
but Do you know where Tom has gone? (not 'Do you know where has Tom gone?')
When the question (Where has Tom gone?) is part of a longer sentence (Do you know ...?/I don't know.../Can you tell me ...? etc.), it loses the normal question word order.
Compare:
* What time is it? but Do you know what time it is?
* Who is that woman? but I don't know who that woman is.
* Where can I find Linda? but Can you tell me where I can find Linda?
* How much will it cost? but Have you any idea how much it will cost?
Be careful with do/does/did questions:
* What time the film begins? but Do you know what time the film begins? (not 'Do you know what time does...')
* What do you mean? but Please explain what you mean.
* Why did Ann leave early? but I wonder why Ann left early.
Use if or whether where there is no other question word (what, why etc.):
* Did anybody see you? but Do you know if (or whether) anybody saw you?
B. The same changes in word order happen in reported questions:
direct: The police officer said to us, "Where are you going?
reported: The police officer asked us where we were-going.
direct: Clare said, 'What time do the bank close?
reported: Clare wanted to know what time the banks closed.
In reported questions, the verb usually changes to the past (were, closed). See Unit 46.
Study these examples. You had an interview for a job and these were some of the questions the interviewer asked you:
INTERVIEWER
How old are you?
What do you do in your spare time?
How long have you been working in your present job?
Why did you apply for the job?
Can you speak any foreign languages?
Have you got a driving licence?
Later you tell a friend what the interviewer asked you. You use reported speech:
* She asked (me) how old I was.
* She wanted to know what I did in my spare time.
* She asked (me) how long I had been working in my present job.
* She asked (me) why I had applied for the job. (or ... why I applied)
* She wanted to know whether (or if) I could speak any foreign languages.
* She asked whether (or if) I had a driving licence. (or ... I had got ... )
EXERCISES