Файл: Кажекина.doc

I will explain. Beginning in the middle of the 20^th century, a few people were worried about polluting the earth's water and air. They talked about the dangers of pollution, but most people did not listen and did not change their way of life. Instead, they continued to dump dangerous chemicals and other waste into lakes and oceans, to drive more and more cars and trucks and to cut down trees.

By the year 2200, the earth's water was completely polluted. People could no longer drink water, and they had to use other types of liquids. This forced a change, but it was not enough. Scientists warned about overpopulation and said that in the future there might be too many people on the earth. But not enough was done.

So, by the year 2300, there were so many people that food became scarce. There was no water to grow food and all of the fish in the lakes and oceans died because of pollution. Terrible wars broke out between the wealthy and the poor. People started to think about finding another place to live. Scientists were working very hard to find another planet in space where humans could live.

By the year 2400, the air was too polluted for humans to breathe. So we had to leave earth. But only the very wealthy were able to leave. Where did we go? Nowhere. And everywhere. You see, scientists did not find another safe planet, so now we must travel around the universe in our space ships. We are still looking for a place to call our home.

So, it is up to you to change history. There is still hope. You must change your lifestyle now, before it is too late.

VI. Listen to the recording and mark the following statements as True or False.

The lady came to the Earth in a space ship.
She says this year is our last chance to change our lifestyle to save the Earth.
By the year 2200, the air was too polluted for humans to breathe.
Scientists didn’t warn about overpopulation.
Terrible wars broke out between the elderly and the youth.
People of the future found another safe planet to call their home.

VII. Put the sentences into the right order:

People continued to dump dangerous chemicals and other waste into lakes and oceans.
Wars broke out between the elderly and the poor.
There were too many people on the Earth.
People cut down the trees.
Food became scarce.
People of the future must travel around the universe looking for a place to call their home.
Humans had to use other types of liquid.

VIII. Choose the environmental problems from the box people will face in the future.

deforestation destruction of natural resources littering lack of food desertification

depletion of the ozone layer air pollution extinction of animal species acid rain smog overpopulation water pollution radioactive contamination

IX. Answer the questions after listening to each paragraph:

1 §. What are people able to do in the year 2500?

2 §. Why has the lady returned to this year?

3 §. How many people were worried about polluting the earth’s air and water in the middle of the 20^th century?

What people continue to do?

4 §. Was there an alternative to drinking water?

What did scientists warn about?

5 §. Why did food become scarce?

What were scientists looking for?

6 §. Why did people have to leave the Earth?

Who was able to leave the planet?

Where do they live now?

7 §. What must we do now?

What do you think?

What do you think about our modern lifestyle? Check the opinions you agree with.

We should definitely change our lifestyle. We should think about the environment.
I understand that we need to change, but I don’t want to give up the comfortable and convenient life I have now.
To tell the truth, I don’t care. I won’t be around in the future.
We don’t have to worry. Scientists always find answers to our problems.
We have to start changing the way we live, little by little. Let’s think about what we can do today.

Looking at the issue

Here are suggestions for changing our lifestyle. Do you think they are possible?

Suggestion	Yes, that’s easy to do.	That’s hard to do.	No, that’s impossible to do.
Use less gasoline [`gæsəli:n]=petrol
Use solar or electric care.
Use less electricity (for example, don’t stay up late at night).
Eat less meat (this uses less forest land for cattle).
Stop using disposable [dis`pəuzəbl] (однораз. использования) products.
Recycle more.
Control the population.
your idea:

What’s for dinner?

I. Study the words.

to be delighted	di`laitid	восхищать(ся), наслаждаться
protein	`prəuti:n	белок, протеин
tofu*	`təufu:	тофу (японский соевый творог)
beef	bi:f	говядина
to be rich in		быть богатым ч.-л.
heart disease	`ha:t di`zi:z	заболевание сердца
to destroy	di`stroi	разрушать; ломать; истреблять; уничтожать
environment	in`vaiər(ə)nmənt	окружение; окружающая среда
rain forest		дождевой лес
burger	`bə:gə	гамбургер
to cut down		вырубать
cattle	`kætl	крупный рогатый скот

Tofu is unfermented soya-bean curd, a food with a soft cheeselike consistency made from soya-bean milk.

II. What substances are vital important for living things? What food is rich in these substances?

Protein – any of a large group of nitrogenous compounds of high molecular weight that are essential constituents of all living organisms. They consist of one or more chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds and are folded into a specific three-dimensional shape maintained by further chemical bonding.

Fat – any of a class of naturally occurring soft greasy solids that are esters of glycerol and certain fatty acids. They are present in some plants and in the adipose tissue of animals, forming a reserve energy source, and are used in making soap and paint and in the food industry.

Carbohydrate [,ka:bəu`haidrəit] – any of a large group of organic compounds, including sugars, such as sucrose, and polysaccharides, such as cellulose, glycogen, and starch, that contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, with the general formula C_m(H₂O)_n: an important source of food and energy for animals.

III. Translate from Russian into English.

Беларусь не богата влажными лесами; белок просто необходим для здоровья; многие люди страдают от заболеваний сердца; Как часто Вы едите гамбургеры?; Вы когда-нибудь пробовали тофу?; Вам понравилась вчера опера? – Я была восхищена!; помните, что окружающая среда очень хрупка; к Новому Году было вырублено свыше 10 тысяч ёлок; человечество (the human) может уничтожить самого себя; в Новой Зеландии очень много ферм крупного рогатого скота.

IV. Dr. Heidi Cornfield, a professor of food science, is being interviewed about her new book, What’s for Dinner? Listen to (read) the interview and find out: What does she think is wrong with the American diet?

WHAT’S FOR DINNER?

Interviewer: You have some very strong ideas about what Americans eat, Professor Cornfield. Could you tell our audience about some of them?

Cornfield: I’d be delighted. First, I think that Americans eat too much meat. We can get protein from other types of food, not just meat. For example, tofu is rich in protein. We really don't need to eat meat to live.

Interviewer: Maybe, but some or our listeners really like nice thick juicy hamburgers. They might not need them, but they sure like them.

Cornfield: I agree with you. But there are health reasons to stop eating meat.

Interviewer: What do you mean, Professor?

Cornfield: Eating meat, especially beef, can cause heart disease. Thousands of Americans die from heart disease every year.

Interviewer: That’s interesting. Are there other reasons why we should stop eating meat?

Cornfield: Yes. Did you know that eating meat hurts, even destroys, the environment?

Interviewer: I don't understand. How?

Cornfield: It is a fact that rain forests in Central America are being destroyed to produce cheap beef to export to other countries, including the United States. And that hamburger you like so much – well, it takes 20 square meters of rain forest for each burger!

Interviewer: Oh, no. But I don't like to eat tofu.

Cornfield: That's OK. There are other good foods to eat.

Interviewer: Well, were almost out of time. Do you have any final comments?

Cornfield: There are many more interesting facts in my book Think about this one before you order your next burger: In the last 300 years, Americans have cut down over half of their trees to get land to grow food to feed cattle – all because people think they need meat.