Файл: Кажекина.doc

Euthanasia – practice of mercifully ending a person’s life in order to release the person from an incurable disease, intolerable suffering, or undignified death. The word euthanasia derives from the Greek for “good death” and originally referred to intentional mercy killing. When medical advances made prolonging the lives of dying or comatose patients possible, the term euthanasia was also applied to a lack of action to prevent death.

II. Guess the meaning of the words and explain their meaning.

Nerve cells, vocal cord, to paralyze, to become a vegetable.

III. Make up derivatives.

Noun				paralyses (pl. -ysis)
Adjective		successful
Verb	to breathe		to inject

IV. Find the synonyms.

A. to make a decision, drugs, disease, to kill oneself, to keep on.

B. to go on, illness, to solve, to commit suicide, medicine.

V. Match the words with their definitions.

to enjoy	a piece of equipment which keeps a person alive when they are seriously ill
brain	the box in which a dead person is buried or burnt
coffin	the organ of the body in the upper part of the head
to bury	to cause someone who has broken the law to suffer
regardless of	to get pleasure from, like
to inject	to put a dead body into a grave
a life-support machine	to put (liquid) into someone with a special needle
to punish (for smth)	without worrying about or taking account of

VI. Translate from Russian into English.

Смертельная смесь алкогольных напитков; кот проглотил ласточку; тяжело дышать; это лекарство поможет от головной боли; новый аппарат для поддержания жизнедеятельности доставлен сегодня в больницу; повреждение (damage) головного или спинного мозга очень опасны; авария парализовала движение; он сделал укол и перестал дышать – его мечта о самоубийстве осуществилась; гроб из красного дерева (mahogany [mə`hogəni]) могут позволить себе только богатые люди; вы когда-нибудь хоронили родных?; их посадили в тюрьму на 20 лет; она страдала от боли, но продолжала любить; некоторые люди предпочитают умереть, чем становиться овощем; голландские доктора не наказываются за эвтаназию; дети умеют наслаждаться жизнью.

The right to die

Keoni Tabio has made a decision. Read the story and find out: Why does he want to end his life?

Keoni Tabido had planned how he will spend his final hours: He will have a party for his friends, with lots of food, drink and music. Later, he will spend time with his girlfriend. And then, at midnight, he will take a deadly mixture of drugs.

Mr. Tabido is not crazy. He is a 33-year-old businessman. He is very successful, has a lot of money and enjoys life.

But Mr.Tabido has a terrible disease. This disease kills the nerve cells in his brain and spinal cord, slowly paralyzing him. Gradually, it will be difficult for him to swallow and breathe. There is no cure for this deadly disease.

So, after a great deal of thought, Mr. Tabido has decided to kill himself. He has told his family and friends about his plan. He has even bought a wooden coffin in which he will be buried.

“I don’t want to become a vegetable, kept alive on a life-support machine,” Mr. Tabido says. “I can’t imagine anything worse. So I have planned my own death. I will do it while I can think and act clearly. I want to go out doing what I love best - having a good time”.

In Mr. Tabido’s country, it is against the law to help people die. If anyone, even a doctor, helps somebody to die, regardless of how sick or old that person is, they could be put in prison for 20 years.

Mr. Tabido is trying to make sure no one is punished for helping him die. “Two doctors have helped me,” says Mr. Tabido. “But I will never tell anyone their names. These doctors have given me the drugs and showed me how to inject myself. I will have only one chance, so I have to do it right the first time.”

“I know that some people think it is wrong to kill yourself, and for others to help you. But they don’t have a disease like mine. For me, there is no choice.”

I. Listen to (read) the text and say whether the statements are true or false?

1. Mr. Tabido is an unsuccessful businessman.

2. Mr. Tabido disease kills his blood cells and spinal cord.

3. There is no cure for this disease.

4. He didn’t tell his family and friends about his plan.

5. In Mr. Tabido’s country there is a law to help people die.

6. Mr. Tabido himself learnt how to inject drugs.

II. Answer the questions.

1. What is Mr. Tabido’s plan? Why?

2. What does his disease do?

3. Is he ready to kill himself?

4. Is the law in Mr. Tabido’s country for or against to help people die?

5. What is the way of Mr. Tabido’s going out?

6. What do other people think of Mr. Tabido’s choice?

III. Complete the sentences with the missing phrases.

1. Keoin Tabido has planned how he will spend his final hours: ______________.

And then, _________, he will take _____________________________.

2. Mr. Tabido is not crazy. He is ________________________. He is _________________________.

3. Gradually, it will be __________________________.

4. He has even bought _________________________.

5. “I don’t want _________________________,” Mr. Tabido says. “I want to go out doing _________________”.

6. Mr. Tabido is trying to ________________. “I will have only ____________, so I _______________________.”

What do you think?

Do you think what Mr. Tabido and his doctors are doing is right? Check your opinion.

In this case, I think suicide is all right. But his doctors should not help. Doctors should cure people, not kill them!
If someone wants to die, that's their business. And if they need a doctor’s help, that's fine, too.
Yes. Suicide is OK in this kind of situation. It's cruel to stop it.
No. It's wrong to take your own life. Mr. Tabido shouldn't give up.
Well, we have to respect Mr. Tabido's decision, even if we don't agree with it.

Looking at the issue

Suppose some scientists invent medicine to help people live forever. One day they come to you and say, "If you take the medicine in this bottle, you will never get old and you will never die." Would you take it? Why or why not?

Yes, I would take it because: _____________________

No, I wouldn't take it because: ______________________

Let’s think

Every day thousands people die. Every minute thousands people fall ill with incurable diseases. May the doctors use organs of the dead to save people’s lives? Just to transplant hearts, kidneys, livers to people who have been queuing up for these vital organs for many years?

Most of them wait without any result and die. So can the dead help the living?

Study the words.

to be in favour of smth	`feivə	поддерживать ч.-л.
to be opposed	ə`pəuzd	противостоять, быть против
to have use for smth		пользоваться ч.-л.
to give permission	pə`mi∫n	давать разрешение
to have the opposite point of view		иметь противоположную точку зрения
to cut up (v)		разрезать, разрубать на куски
to take out (v)		вынимать
to violate (v)	`vaiəleit	осквернять, нарушать
to be treated with smth	`tri:t	обращаться с ч.-л.
dignity (n)	`digniti	достоинство
to cut open (v)		рассекать
to come back to life		вернуться к жизни
to turn off/on (v)	tə:n	выключить/включить
to make a decision	di`siʒn	принять решение

organs of a body
heart	ha:t	сердце
lung	lnŋ	лёгкое
brain	brein	мозг
blood	bld	кровь
kidney	`kidni	почка
bone	bəun	кость
marrow	`mærəu	костный мозг
eye	ai	глаз

Form the derivatives of the words given in a chart below. Use a dictionary if necessary.

Noun	Adjective	Verb
		die – dyed – dying
donor
		violate
permission

Compare the words in their usage.

Permissive [pə`misiv] (adj) – tolerant; granting permission – permissive neighbours.

Permissible [pə`misəbl] (adj) – permitted, allowable – permissible dose.

1. This movie is not ... for kids! 2. My parents were … and let me make my own mistakes. 3. Would it be … to say that? 4. Old people always say that the youth live in … environment.

Permit [`pə:mit] (n, countable) – an official written statement giving one the right to do something

Permission [pə`mi∫n] (n, uncountable) – formal act of allowing; written or spoken agreement

Permissibility [pə,misə`biləti] (n) –допустимость, позволительность

Permissiveness [pə`misivnəs] (n) – вседозволенность

It’s parents’ right to give or not to give ... to their offspring. 2. You won’t get into the atomic research station without a ... . 3. ... never leads to anything good. 4. The Constitution proclaims legal ... . 5. With your … I’ll leave now. 6. Do you really hold … for a revolver?

Deadly [`dedli] (adj) – likely to cause death – a deadly poison

Deathly [`deθli] (adj, adv) – like death – a deathly silence

1. Fog is the sailors’ … enemy. 2. Hush! The students are writing the test. Listen to that … silence. 3. What have you done? It’s one of the seven … sins. 4. Andrey Balkonsky died because of … wounds.